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Conference on Image Processing - algorithms and Systems VII

作者： Sankaran, Praveen Asari, Vijayan K. Old Dominion Univ Computat Intelligence & Machine Vis Lab Norfolk VA 23529 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474957

Manifolds are mathematical spaces whose points have Euclidean neighborhoods, but whose global structure could be more complex. A one dimensional manifold has a neighborhood that resembles a line. A two dimensional one resembles a plane. If we consider a one dimensional example, most system neighborhoods cannot be represented optimally by a straight line. A multi-ordered nonlinear line would be better suited to represent most data. A learning algorithm to model the pipeline, based on Fischer Linear Discriminant (FLD), using least squares estimation is presented in this paper. Face patterns are known to show continuous variability. Yet face images of one individual tend to cluster together and can be considered as a neighborhood. Such similar patterns form a pipeline in state space that can be used for pattern classification. Multiple patterns can be trained by having separate lines for each pattern. Face points are now projected onto a low-dimensional mean nonlinear pipe-line, thus providing an easy intuitive way to place new points. Given a test point/face, the classification problem is now simplified to checking the nearest neighbors. This can be done by finding the minimum distance pipe-line from the test-point. The proposed representation of a face image results in improved accuracy when compared to the classical point representation.

关键词： Matrices Facial recognition systems Neurons Ferroelectric LCDs Principal component analysis Data modeling Databases Image classification algorithm development Neural networks

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Modeling the Atmospheric Chemistry of TICs

Modeling the Atmospheric Chemistry of TICs

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Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing X

作者： Henley, Michael V. Burns, Douglas S. Chynwat, Veeradej Moore, William Plitz, Angela Rottmann, Shawn D. Hearn, John D. AFRL RXQL Tyndall AFB FL USA ENSCO Inc Melbourne FL USA ARA Inc Tyndall AFB FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475701

An atmospheric chemistry model that describes the behavior and disposition of environmentally hazardous compounds discharged into the atmosphere was coupled with the transport and diffusion model, SCIPUFF.(1) The atmospheric chemistry model was developed by reducing a detailed atmospheric chemistry mechanism to a simple empirical effective degradation rate term (k(eff)) that is a function of important meteorological parameters such as solar flux, temperature, and cloud cover. Empirically derived k(eff) functions that describe the degradation of target toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) were derived by statistically analyzing data generated from the detailed chemistry mechanism run over a wide range of (typical) atmospheric conditions. To assess and identify areas to improve the developed atmospheric chemistry model, sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were performed to (1) quantify the sensitivity of the model output (TIC concentrations) with respect to changes in the input parameters and (2) improve, where necessary, the quality of the input data based on sensitivity results. The model predictions were evaluated against experimental data. Chamber data were used to remove the complexities of dispersion in the atmosphere.

关键词： Atmospheric modeling Toxic industrial chemicals Atmospheric chemistry Data modeling Chemistry Clouds Diffusion Meteorology algorithm development Molecules

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Alice First: 3D Interactive Game Programming 09

Alice First: 3D Interactive Game Programming

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Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education

作者： Seidman, Robert H. So New Hampshire Univ Manchester NH 03106 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583815

For introductory programming courses, we recommend teaching Alice as a precursor to teaching object-oriented languages such as Java. This presentation describes and demonstrates the approach of a newly published workbook that uses a highly motivating story-telling 3D virtual world interactive game design and development pedagogical approach. Students create animated movies and in the process learn object-oriented programming fundamentals.

关键词： 3D animation algorithm development game programming objects virtual worlds Alice Java CS1

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Discrimination of conjunctiva and sclera using texture analysis of polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography images

Discrimination of conjunctiva and sclera using texture analy...

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Conference on Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XIII

作者： Miyazawa, Arata Yamanari, Masahiro Yasuno, Yoshiaki Univ Tsukuba Computat Opt Grp Tsukuba Ibaraki 305 Japan Univ Tsukuba Computat Opt & Ophthalmol Grp Tsukuba Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474148

Conjunctiva and sclera are not always discriminated in anterior eye optical coherence (OCT) images, although they have distinctive tissue properties. In contrast, characteristic pattern can be observed at the sclera in a phase retardation OCT image measured by polarization sensitive OCT (PS-OCT). This is because sclera consists of collagen and it has birefringence. We developed a new algorithm which discriminates conjunctiva and sclera based on the local statistics of intensity and phase retardation OCT images. In 4 of 4 cases, conjunctiva and sclera were discriminated. This new algorithm is useful to discriminated tissues of PS-OCT images not by anatomical tissue structures but by direct tissue properties.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography Sclera Polarization Tissues algorithm development Biomedical optics Coherence (optics) Current controlled current source Eye Tissue optics

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Comparative assessment of the organization of the colors of the Vita Classical color pallet by digital images and visual analysis for dental bleaching

Comparative assessment of the organization of the colors of ...

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Conference on Lasers in Dentistry XV

作者： Oliveira-Junior, O. B. Cioffi, M. S. Cesnik, R. M. Florez, F. L. E. Bagnato, V. S. Correa-dos-Santos, D. R. Fornazari, F. P. Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP FOAR Araraquara Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Inst Phys IFSC USP Sao Carlos SP Brazil Logatti Fac Araraquara Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474087

New formularizations, techniques and devices have become the dental whitening most safe and with better results. Although this, the verification of the levels whitening is being continued for visual comparison, that is an empirical, subjective method, subject to errors and dependent of the individual interpretation. Normally the result of the whitening is express for the amplitude of displacement between the initial and the final color, being take like reference the tonalities of a scale of color commanded of darkest for more clearly. Although to be the most used scale, the ordinance of the Vita Classical (R) - Vita, according to recommendations of the manufacturer, reveals inadequate for the evaluation of the whitening. From digital images and of algorithm OER (ordinance of the reference scale), especially developed for the ScanWhite (C), the ordinance of the tonalities of the scale Vita Classical (R) was made. For such, the values of the canals of color R, G, and B of medium part average of the crowns was adopted as reference for evaluation. The images had been taken with the camera Sony Cybershoot DSC F828. The results of the computational ordinance had been compared with the sequence proposal for the manufacturer and with the earned one for the visual evaluation, carried through by 10 volunteers, under standardized conditions of illumination. It statistics analyzes demonstrated significant differences between the ordinances.

关键词： Visualization Manufacturing Visual analytics Dental bleaching Image analysis Teeth algorithm development Statistical analysis Cameras Error analysis

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An improved in-situ bio-optical data set for ocean color algorithm development and satellite data product validation

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REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 2005年第1期98卷 122-140页

作者： Werdell, PJ Bailey, SW NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Sci Syst & Applicat Inc Greenbelt MD 20771 USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Futuretech Corp Greenbelt MD 20771 USA

Global satellite ocean color instruments provide the scientific community a high-resolution means of studying the marine biosphere. Satellite data product validation and algorithm development activities both require the substantial accumulation of high-quality in-situ observations. The NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group maintains a local repository of in-situ marine bio-optical data, the SeaWiFS Biooptical Archive and Storage System (SeaBASS), to facilitate their ocean color satellite validation analyses. Data were acquired from SeaBASS and used to compile a large set of coincident radiometric observations and phytoplankton pigment concentrations for use in biooptical algorithm development. This new data set, the NASA bio-Optical Marine algorithm Data set (NOMAD), includes over 3400 stations of spectral water-leaving radiances, surface irradiances, and diffuse downwelling attenuation coefficients, encompassing chlorophyll a concentrations ranging from 0.012 to 72.12 mg m(-3). Metadata, such as the date, time, and location of data collection, and ancillary data, including sea surface temperatures and water depths, accompany each record. This paper describes the assembly and evaluation of NOMAD, and further illustrates the broad geophysical range of stations incorporated into NOMAD. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： ocean color satellite validation algorithm development SeaBASS SeaWiFS MODIS bio-optics remote sensing water-leaving radiance chlorophyll

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development and enhancement of mobile robot arms for EOD applications

Development and enhancement of mobile robot arms for EOD app...

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Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology X

作者： Berkemeier, Matthew Poulson, Eric Aston, Eric Johnston, Josh Smith, Brian Autonomous Solut Inc Petersboro UT 84325 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471536

Autonomous Solutions has multiple projects involving mobile robot arms for EOD applications. This paper will describe 3 such projects. In the first, a 5 DOF robot arm of our own design is mounted on a 4-wheeled omni-directional platform. The arm is capable of lifting 100 pounds at close to full extension, and it can lift significantly more at shorter distances. The operator can specify either individual joint control or "fly the gripper" control, where the individual joint velocities are automatically calculated in response to commanded gripper velocities. In the second project, 3D data of a scene of interest is gathered and then presented to the EOD technician, along with a representation of the arm. The technician can then rotate the scene and arm to obtain the best possible view for the task. In the final project, a 3 DOF arm will be mounted to an omni-directional platform. The arm and platform will be treated as a single 6 DOF manipulator, and the operator will specify 6 DOF gripper velocity commands using a 6-axis input device, such as those used for solid modeling programs.

关键词： Sensors Data modeling 3D visualizations Mobile robots algorithm development Stereoscopic cameras Kinematics Solids Control systems Solid modeling

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Extensible mark-up language file definition for structured acquisition data storage and transfer

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MEASUREMENT 2008年第3期41卷 320-326页

作者： Bras, Nuno B. Ramos, Pedro M. Serra, A. Cruz Univ Tecn Lisbon Inst Super Tecn Inst Telecommun IST P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal Univ Tecn Lisbon Inst Super Tecn Dept Elect & Comp Engn IST P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal

In many measuring applications where several acquisitions are needed, resulting measurement data could be more useful if measuring information is included as part of resulting data. For example, in advanced measurement algorithms development, it is common to acquire large amounts of organized data that should be clearly identified for automatic post processing. This paper proposes a new eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML) file structure, to be used as a data log file in generic measurement procedures. Benefits like web easiness, low file size requirements and flexible handling by several software platforms are introduced. Specifically developed software to work with the proposed XML structure is presented and the typical acquisition and processing architecture is presented. To demonstrate the proposed XML structure ability, a simple application example applied to power quality assessment was developed. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： measurement software extensible mark-up language (XML) algorithm development

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Using MERIS full resolution data to monitor coastal waters - A case study from Himmerfjarden, a fjord-like bay in the northwestern Baltic Sea

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REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 2008年第5期112卷 2284-2300页

作者： Kratzer, Susanne Brockmann, Carsten Moore, Gerald Stockholm Univ Dept Syst Ecol SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden Stockholm Univ Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden Brockmann Consult D-21502 Geesthacht Germany Plymouth Marine Lab Plymouth PL1 3DH Devon England

In this paper we investigate if MERIS full resolution (FR) data (300 m) is sufficient to monitor changes in optical constituents in Himmerfjarden, a fjord-like, north-south facing bay of about 30 km length and 4 km width. The MERIS FR products were derived using a coastal processor (FUB Case-2 Plug-In). We also compared the performance between FUB and standard processor (MEGS 7.4), using reduced resolution (RR) data (1 km resolution) from the open Baltic Sea, and compared the products to sea-truthing data. The optical variables measured for sea-truthing were chlorophyll, suspended particulate matter (SPM), as well as coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM, also termed yellow substances), and the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient, K-d(490). The comparison of the RR data to the sea-truthing data showed that, in the open Baltic Sea, the MERIS standard processor overestimated chlorophyll by about 59%, and SPM by about 28%, and underestimated yellow substance by about 81%, whereas the FUB processor underestimated SPNI by about 60%, CDOM by about 78%, and chlorophyll a by about 56%. The FUB processor showed a relatively high precision for all optical components (standard deviation: 6-18%), whereas the precision for the MEGS 7.4 was rather low (standard deviation: 43-73%), except for CDOM (standard deviation: 13%). The analysis of the FR data showed that all FR level 2 water products derived from MERIS followed a polynomial decline in concentration when moving off-shore. The distribution of chlorophyll and SPM was best described by a 2nd order polynomial, and the distribution of CDOM by a 3rd order polynomial, verifying the diffusional model described in Kratzer and Tell [Kratzer, S. and Tett, P. (in press). Using bio-optics to investigate the extent of coastal waters - a Swedish case study. Hydrobiologia.]. A new Kd(490) and Secchi depth algorithm based on MERIS channel 3 (490 nm) and channel 6 (620 nm) each was derived from radiometric sea-truthing data (TACCS, S

关键词： MERIS FR data Baltic Sea coastal zone spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient K-d(490) Secchi depth algorithm development

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Recent progress in neural network estimation of atmospheric profiles using microwave and hyperspectral infrared sounding data in the presence of clouds

Recent progress in neural network estimation of atmospheric ...

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Conference on algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII

作者： Blackwell, William J. Pieper, Michael MIT Lincoln Lab Lexington MA 02173 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471574

Recent work has demonstrated the feasibility of neural network estimation techniques for atmospheric profiling in partially cloudy atmospheres using combined microwave (MW) and hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounding data. In this paper, the retrieval performance in problem areas (over land, near the poles, elevated terrain, etc.) is examined. Retrieval performance has been improved by stratifying the neural network training data into distinct groups based on geographical (latitude, for example), geophysical (atmospheric pressure, for example), and sensor geometrical (scan angle, for example) considerations. The spectral information content of cloud signatures in Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) data is also explored. A Principal Components Analysis. is presented that indicates that most variability due to clouds is contained in the first two eigenvectors. A novel statistical method for the retrieval of atmospheric temperature and moisture (relative humidity) profiles has been developed and evaluated with sounding data from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU). The present work focuses on the cloud impact on the AIRS radiances and explores the use of stochastic cloud clearing mechanisms together with neural network estimation. A stand-alone statistical algorithm will be presented that operates directly on cloud-impacted AIRS/AMSU data, with no need for a physical cloud clearing process. The algorithm is implemented in three stages. First, the infrared radiance perturbations due to clouds are estimated and corrected by combined processing of the infrared and microwave data using a Stochastic Cloud Clearing (SCC) approach. The cloud clearing of the infrared radiances was performed using principal components analysis of infrared brightness temperature contrasts in adjacent fields of view and microwave-derived estimates of the infrared clear-column radiances to estimate and correct the radiance contamina

关键词： Clouds Neural networks Infrared radiation Sensors Microwave radiation Stochastic processes Infrared signatures Principal component analysis algorithm development Evolutionary algorithms

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