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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm development"

共 1737 条记录，以下是481-490 订阅

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Compressed Data for the Movie Industry

Compressed Data for the Movie Industry

引用

Conference on Next-Generation Optical Communication - Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems III

作者： Tice, Bradley S. Adv Human Design Turlock CA 95380 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819499226

The paper will present a compression algorithm that will allow for both random and non-random sequential binary strings of data to be compressed for storage and transmission of media information. The compression system has direct applications to the storage and transmission of digital media such as movies, television, audio signals and other visual and auditory signals needed for engineering practicalities in such industries.

关键词： Binary data Computing systems algorithm development Data storage Visualization Software Visual compression Telecommunications Data compression Televisions

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Efficient view-dependent out-of-core visualization

Efficient view-dependent out-of-core visualization

引用

4th International Conference on Virtual Reality and Its Applications in Industry

作者： Guthe, M Borodin, P Klein, R Univ Bonn Inst Comp Sci 2 D-53117 Bonn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819453676

Hierarchical levels of details (HLODs) have proven to be an efficient way to visualize complex environments and models even in an out-of-core system. Large objects are partitioned into a spatial hierarchy and on each node a level of detail is generated for efficient view-dependent rendering. To ensure correct matching between adjacent nodes in the hierarchy care has to be taken to prevent cracks along the cuts. This either leads to severe simplification constraints at the cuts and thus to a significantly higher number of triangles or the need for a costly runtime stitching of these nodes. In this paper we present an out-of-core visualization algorithm that overcomes this problem by filling the cracks generated by the simplification algorithm with appropriately shaded fat borders. Furthermore, several minor yet important improvements of previous approaches are made. This way we come up with a simple nevertheless efficient view-dependent rendering technique which allows for the natural incorporation of state-of-the-art culling, simplification, compression and prefetching techniques.

关键词： Visualization algorithm development Visual process modeling Visibility 3D modeling Cameras Computing systems Data modeling Error analysis Computer science

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Robust segmentation using kernel and spatial based fuzzy c-means methods on breast x-ray images

Robust segmentation using kernel and spatial based fuzzy c-m...

引用

Medical Imaging 2008 Conference

作者： Sun, Xuejun Goldgof, Dmitry Land, Walker Univ S Florida Dept Comp Sci & Engn Tampa FL 33620 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819470980

Robust methods for precise segmentation of breast region or volume from breast X-ray images, including mammogram and tomosynthetic image, is crucial for applications of these medical images. However, this task is challenging because the acquired images not only are inherent noisy and inhomogeneous, but there are also connected or overlapped artifacts, or noises on the images as well, due to local volume effect of tissues, parametric resolutions and other physical limitations of the imaging device. This paper proposes and develops robust fuzzy c-means (FCM) segmentation methods for segmentation of breast region on breast x-ray images, including mammography and tomosynthesis, respectively. We develop spatial information- and kernel function- based FCM methods to differentiate breast area or breast volume. Spatial information based FCM method incorporates neighborhood pixels' intensities into segmentation because neighbored pixels on an image are highly correlated. Kernel based FCM algorithm is developed by transforming pixel intensity using kernel functions to better improve segmentation performance. The proposed segmentation methods are implemented on mammograms and tomosynthetic images and compared with conventional FCM results. Experiment results demonstrate the proposed segmentation methods are much better compared with traditional FCM method, and are more robust to noises. The developed kernel and spatial based FCM method will be applied for differentiation of breast density and abnormal regions within the breast region to examine its performance in reducing false positive segmentations.

关键词： Image segmentation Breast Mammography X-rays Edge detection X-ray imaging Digital mammography Fuzzy logic algorithm development Medical imaging

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SIGNAL-PROCESSING APPROACHES TO RADIO-FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) SUPPRESSION

SIGNAL-PROCESSING APPROACHES TO RADIO-FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE...

引用

Conference on algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery

作者： BRAUNSTEIN, M RALSTON, J SPARROW, D INST DEF ANAL DIV SCI & TECHNOLALEXANDRIAVA 22042

ISBN: (纸本)0819415340

Ultra-wideband radar (UWB) has been shown to be among the most powerful techniques available for underground and obscured object detection. The value of such systems is that they combine the penetration enhancement associated with VHF/UHF (and lower) frequencies with the resolution of wide absolute bandwidth. Such systems necessarily make use of much of the frequency spectrum already in heavy use by other services, such as television and mobile communications. Although this spectral overlap provides occasion for adverse consequences in both directions, to date the principal consequence has been often-severe impact on UWB radar measurements. Even in remote locations, the average interference power often exceeds receiver noise by many dB, becoming the limiting factor on system sensitivity. Nor are UWB radar designers free to overcome this interference by increasing radar power, since regulatory sanction for UWB operation will depend on maintaining sufficiently low spectral power densities to assure that other, prior, services are not appreciably degraded. Given the importance of radio frequency interference (RFI) on practical ultrawide band ground penetrating radar systems, it is important to consider how and to what extent the effects of RFI noise may be reduced. The overall problem of RFI and its impacts will be described and several signal processing approaches to removal of RFI will be discussed. These include spectral estimation and coherent subtraction algorithms and various filter approaches, which have been developed and applied by the signal processing community in other contexts. These methods will be applied to several different real-world experimental data sets, and quantitative measures of the effectiveness of each of these algorithms in removing RFI noise will be presented. Although computationally-intensive, most of the techniques to be described achieve substantial increases in S/RFI without requiring concomitant increases in radar average power.

关键词： Electromagnetic coupling Interference (communication) Signal processing Synthetic aperture radar Radar Receivers Data modeling algorithm development Antennas UWB radar

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FAST RLS ADAPTIVE algorithmS AND CHANDRASEKHAR EQUATIONS

FAST RLS ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS AND CHANDRASEKHAR EQUATIONS

引用

CONF ON ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING

作者： DEMOMENT, G REYNAUD, R Univ. de Paris-Sud (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406937

Fast recursive least squares (FRLS) algorithms have been extensively studied since the mid- 1970s for adaptive signal processing applications. Despite their large number and apparent diversity, they were almost exclusively derived using only two techniques: partitioned matrix inversion lemma or least squares geometric theory. Surprisingly, Chandrasekhar factorizations, that were introduced in the early 1970s to derive fast Kalman filters, were little used, even though fast RLS algorithms can also be derived with this technique, under various forms, either unnormalized or over-normalized. For instance, the well-known FTF algorithm corresponds exactly to a particular case of the Chandrasekhar equations. The aim of this paper is to take stock of the interest of the Chandrasekhar technique for FRLS estimation. The corresponding equations have a somewhat generic character which can help to show the links between FRLS algorithms and other least squares estimation problems, since they were successfully used to derive fast algorithms for estimating random variables through regularization techniques, or for computing cross-validation criteria in statistics. These Chandrasekhar factorizations can also help teach fast adaptive algorithms: they are easy to understand, they can be used in a large variety of algorithmic problems, and, in a least squares algorithmic context, there is no need to learn the FRLS algorithms separately.

关键词： Signal processing Filtering (signal processing) algorithm development Matrices Digital filtering Electronic filtering Statistical analysis Automatic control Error analysis Process modeling

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Telemetry Techniques for Continuous Monitoring Of Partially Submerged Large Civil Infrastructure

Telemetry Techniques for Continuous Monitoring Of Partially ...

引用

Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems

作者： Alexander, Quincy G. Thurmer, Clayton R. Netchaev, Anton Smith, Matthew D. Klein, Jordan D. Engineer Res & Dev Ctr 3909 Halls Ferry Rd Vicksburg MS 39180 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510616936

ISBN: (纸本)9781510616936

Inland navigation infrastructure is critical to local and global economies, and unplanned or extended down time for maintenance and repairs can have significant social and economic consequences. The extensive collection of navigation related infrastructure maintained by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is in a state of degraded performance, with some components presently being used well beyond their design life. To provide data-driven decision-support for operation, maintenance, and repair/replacement of these components, the Engineer Research and development Center (ERDC) is developing structural health monitoring (SHM) and damage prognosis (DP) tools and techniques. ERDC has deployed the Structural Monitoring and Analysis in Real-Time of lock Gates (SMART Gate) program at several sites for long-term monitoring of hydraulic steel navigation and flood control gates. When SMART Gate systems are deployed, a significant effort and percentage of the cost is spent installing conduit to protect wires that extend from the sensors, which are typically underwater during operation, to the data logger. To reduce installation time and cost, the ERDC developed a system for energy efficient sensor data transmission underwater. The system was successfully field tested, sending data the height of the lock chamber using low nominal power, with a relatively low data loss. This paper will describe the SHM framework developed by ERDC and the development and deployment of the wireless data transmission system.

关键词： Sensors Modulation Structural health monitoring algorithm development Phase shift keying RF communications Telecommunications Field programmable gate arrays Inspection Wireless communications

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DISTRIBUTIONS CONCENTRATED ALONG THE INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY

DISTRIBUTIONS CONCENTRATED ALONG THE INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY

引用

CONF ON ADVANCED SIGNAL-PROCESSING algorithmS, ARCHITECTURES, AND IMPLEMENTATIONS

作者： COHEN, L Hunter College/CUNY (United States)

We show that for purely frequency modulated signals one can always find a distribution which is infinitely concentrated along its instantaneous frequency. For signals that are both frequency and amplitude modulated we... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819404098

关键词： Frequency modulation Modulation Fermium Phase shift keying Amplitude modulation algorithm development Phase modulation Time-frequency analysis Signal analysis Tellurium

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Uncertainty and confidence intervals in optical design using the Monte Carlo ray-trace method

Uncertainty and confidence intervals in optical design using...

引用

Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites IV

作者： Sánchez, MC Nevárez, F Mahan, JR Priestley, KJ Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ Dept Mech Engn Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819438251

The increasing use of probablistic methods, such as the Monte Carlo ray-trace (MCRT) method, in thermal radiation and optical modeling, has created a general awareness in the community of the need for a protocol to predict, to a specified level of confidence, the uncertainty of the results obtained using these methods. This paper presents such a protocol applied to models of radiometric channels used in spaced-based earth observations. It is anticipated that the same protocol, with suitable modification, may be extended to data from actual instruments. The authors and their colleagues have developed a powerful generic MCRT-based computational environment that, among other features, is capable of simulating radiative exchange among surfaces and within enclosures. As in any MCRT thermal-radiative/optical model, the spatial resolution and accuracy of the results obtained depend on the fineness of the mesh, the number of rays traced, and the accuracy of directional and spectral surface property models. The protocol presented in this paper identifies and quantifies the contribution of these factors to the ultimate uncertainty in predicted results and to their related confidence intervals.

关键词： Heat flux Sensors Monte Carlo methods Thermal modeling algorithm development Optical design Spatial resolution Computer simulations Surface properties Thermography

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Wavelet based image compression using perceptual distortion metric

Wavelet based image compression using perceptual distortion ...

引用

Conference on Visual Information Processing XII

作者： Goswami, H Kozaitis, SP Sultan Qaboos Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Muscat Oman

ISBN: (纸本)0819449687

Bits are allocated to various subbands to minimize a particular cost function to achieve compression in subband coding. The most common cost function is the L-2 norm based on mean squared error (MSE). However, the MSE often fails to correspond to the perceptual quality of the image, especially at low bit rate. In this paper, we allocate bits into various subbands by minimizing the Minkowsky metric - a commonly used perceptual distortion measure. We then design the quantizer for each subband independent of each other based on the allocated bits. Experimental results indicate improved perceptual quality for the compressed images using Minkowsky metric compared to that of using the MSE metric.

关键词： Distortion Image compression Image quality Quantization Wavelets algorithm development Image processing Wavelet transforms Computer engineering Computer programming

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Fast visualization of internal structure of multiple-scattering objects by diffusion optical tomography

Fast visualization of internal structure of multiple-scatter...

引用

ICONO 2001 Conference

作者： Shuvalov, VV Shutov, IV Tret'akov, EV Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ Moscow 119899 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)0819445126

Fast (i.e. able to a real-time operation) approximate statistical nonlinear algorithm of the diffusion optical tomography inverse problem solution has been described. Results of this algorithm approbation by the example of reconstruction of a rather complicated (up to 3 strongly absorbing inclusions with the size;greater than or equal to 5 mm) internal structure of strongly scattering and weekly absorbing (with scattering and absorption constants about 1.4 and 0.005 divided by 0.015 mm(-1) correspondingly) large-size (up to 140 mm) model objects have been presented. CW radiation of low-power (with input power < 20 mW) diode lasers of near IR (wavelengths in the range 770 divided by 820 nm) region has been used in experimental realizations.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Scattering Inverse problems Diffusion Photodetectors algorithm development Optical tomography Light sources Sensors Absorption

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