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检索条件"主题词=Algorithm development"

共 1735 条记录，以下是651-660 订阅

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CLOUD DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION FOR EARTH RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENTS

CLOUD DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION FOR EARTH RADIATION BUDGE...

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CONF ON PASSIVE INFRARED REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE

作者： STUBENRAUCH, C SEZE, G SCOTT, NA CHEDIN, A DESBOIS, M KANDEL, RS LMD/CNRS (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411701

In order to get a better understanding of the influence of clouds on the Earth's energy budget, one needs a cloud classification taking into account cloud height, thickness, and cloud cover. The radiometer ScaRaB (scanner for radiation balance), launched in 1993, has in addition to the two broad-band channels (0.2 - 4 micrometers and 0.2 - 50 micrometers ) necessary for earth radiation budget (ERB) measurements, two narrow-band channels (0.5 - 0.7 micrometers and 10.5 - 12.5 micrometers ) in order to improve cloud detection. Most automatic cloud classifications have been developed with measurements of very good spatial resolution (200 m to 5 km). Earth radiation budget experiments, on the other hand, work at a spatial resolution of about 40 km (at nadir), and therefore we investigated a cloud classification algorithm adapted on this scale. The algorithm is based on the dynamic clustering method and uses co-located AVHRR-ERBE data, simulating the ScaRaB measurements. This cloud field classification is compared on one hand to results obtained by a well tested threshold algorithm using AVHRR (advanced very high resolution radiometer) measurements at reduced spatial resolution of 4 km and on the other hand to cloud parameters extracted from HIRS (high resolution infrared sounder)/MSU (microwave sounding unit) data. We find that classification of cloud fields is still possible at a resolution of 40 km, and by combining AVHRR, ERBE, and HIRS/MSU measurements one can undertake interesting studies on the influence of different cloud fields on the Earth radiation budget.

关键词： Clouds Spatial resolution Opacity algorithm development Radiometry Temperature metrology Absorption Earth's atmosphere Image resolution Satellites

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ATTITUDE SENSOR CALIBRATION FOR THE OCEAN TOPOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT SATELLITE

ATTITUDE SENSOR CALIBRATION FOR THE OCEAN TOPOGRAPHY EXPERIM...

引用

1ST CONF ON SPACE GUIDANCE, CONTROL, AND TRACKING

作者： DAVIS, S LAI, J Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081941185X

A ground-based software system to calibrate the attitude control sensors for the Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX) spacecraft is described. The algorithm determines sensor misalignment, bias and scale factor errors from gyro, sun sensor and star tracker measurements. The inherent yaw slew motion of the spacecraft during normal mission mode is exploited to make the error parameters observable. A two loop recursive least-squares algorithm is implemented with the feature of inhibiting the update of the error parameter state until all of the available data has been processed. This feature eliminates the estimation state feedback typical of other algorithms which can cause instability and convergence problems.

关键词： Sensors Satellites Gyroscopes Stars Calibration Sun Error analysis Detection and tracking algorithms Matrices algorithm development

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A Multiple Feature Based Particle Filter Using Mutual Information Maximization

A Multiple Feature Based Particle Filter Using Mutual Inform...

引用

Conference on Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVIII: algorithms and Techniques

作者： Hong, Kihyun Han, Kyuseo Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484154

In designing a tracking algorithm, utilizing several different features, e. g., color histogram, gradient histogram and other object descriptors, is preferable to increase robustness of tracking performance. In this paper, we propose a multiple feature fusion framework to improve the tracking by assigning appropriate weights to individual features. The feature weights are optimally obtained by a waterfilling procedure that maximizes mutual information between target object features and query features. Especially, in this paper, we focus on a particle filter tracking implementation of the multiple feature fusion framework. Our experiments show that object tracking with multiple features outperforms single feature based tracking methods and illustrates that the proposed optimal feature weighting increases robustness of multiple-feature based tracking performance.

关键词： Particle filters Detection and tracking algorithms Particles Process modeling algorithm development Signal to noise ratio Visual process modeling Computer vision technology Dynamical systems Machine vision

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Enhancement of the downhill simplex method of optimization

Enhancement of the downhill simplex method of optimization

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International Optical Design Conference

作者： Koshel, RJ Breault Res Org Inc Tucson AZ 85715 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819446084

The downhill simplex method of optimization is a "geometric" method to achieve function minimization. The standard algorithm uses arbitrary values for the deterministic factors that describe the "movement" of the simplex in the merit space. While it is a robust method of optimization, it is relatively slow to converge to local minima. However, its stability and the lack of use of derivates make it useful for optical design optimization, especially for the field of illumination. This paper. describes preliminary efforts of optimizing the performance of the simplex optimizer. This enhancement is accomplished by optimizing the various control factors: alpha (reflection), beta (contraction), and gamma (expansion). This effort is accomplished by investigating the "end game" of optimal design, i.e., the shape of the figure of merit space is parabolic in N-dimensions near local minima. The figure of merit for, the control factor optimization is the number of iterations to achieve a solution in comparison to the same case using the standard control factors. This optimization is done for parabolic wells of order N = 2 to 15. In this study it is shown that with the correct choice of the control factors, one can achieve up to a 35% improvement in convergence. Techniques using gradient weighting and the inclusion of additional control factors are proposed.

关键词： algorithm development Optical design Tolerancing Compound parabolic concentrators Diamond Optimization (mathematics) Standards development Geometrical optics Physics Roads

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Bimodal spectroscopy for in vivo characterization of hypertrophic skin tissue: pre-clinical experimentation, spectral data selection and classification

Bimodal spectroscopy for in vivo characterization of hypertr...

引用

Conference on Clinical and Biomedical Spectroscopy and Imaging II

作者： Liu, Honghui Gisquet, Heloise Guillemin, F. Blondel, Walter C. P. M. Nancy Univ CNRS UMR 7039 Hlth Engn GrpCRAN Nancy France Univ Hosp Nancy Vandoeuvre Les Nancy France Ctr Alexis Vautrin Anticanc Ctr F-54511 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy France

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486844

Objective: The objective of this study was two folds: firstly, we would like to investigate the efficiency of bimodal spectroscopic technique in characterization of hypertrophic scarring tissue deliberately created on a preclinical model (rabbit's ear);on the other hand, we evaluate the inhibition effect of an anti-inflammatory medication (tacrolimus) on hypertrophic formation in scar by using our bimodal spectroscopic system. Study design: This study was conducted on 20 New Zealand Rabbits receiving hypertrophic scarring treatment on their ears. Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance spectra were collected from each scar, amongst which some had received tacrolimus treatment. Features were extracted from corrected spectral data and analyzed to classify the scarring tissues into hypertrophic or non-hypertrophic. Diagnostic algorithms were developed with the use of k-NN classifier and validated by comparing to histological classification result with Leave-one-out cross validation. Results and discussion: The accuracy of our bimodal spectroscopy method for detecting hypertrophic scarring scar tissue was good (sensibility: 90.84%, specificity: 94.44%). The features used for classification were mainly extracted from the spectra exited at 360, 410 and 420 nm. This indicates that the difference between the spectra acquired from hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic tissue may be due to the different intensity distribution of several fluorophores (collagen, elastin and NADH) excited in this range, or to the change in proportion of tissue layers (epidermis and dermis) explored by the CEFS in use.

关键词： Tissues Spectroscopy Tissue optics algorithm development Skin Collagen Ear Feature extraction In vivo imaging Luminescence

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Detection of partial-thickness tears in ligaments and tendons by stokes-polarimetry imaging - art. no. 686406

Detection of partial-thickness tears in ligaments and tendon...

引用

Conference on Biomedical Applications of Light Scattering II

作者： Kim, Jihoon John, Raheel Walsh, Joseph T. Northwestern Univ Dept Biomed Engn Evanston IL 60208 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819470393

A Stokes polarimetry imaging (SPI) system utilizes an algorithm developed to construct degree of polarization (DoP) image maps from linearly polarized light illumination. Partial-thickness tears of turkey tendons were imaged by the SPI system in order to examine the feasibility of the system to detect partial-thickness rotator cuff tear or general tendon pathology. The rotating incident polarization angle (IPA) for the linearly polarized light provides a way to analyze different tissue types which may be sensitive to IPA variations. Degree of linear polarization (DoLP) images revealed collagen fiber structure, related to partial-thickness tears, better than standard intensity images. DoLP images also revealed structural changes in tears that are related to the tendon load. DoLP images with red-wavelength-filtered incident light may show tears and related organization of collagen fiber structure at a greater depth from the tendon surface. Degree of circular polarization (DoCP) images exhibited well the horizontal fiber orientation that is not parallel to the vertically aligned collagen fibers of the tendon. The SPI system's DOLP images reveal alterations in tendons and ligaments, which have a tissue matrix consisting largely of collagen, better than intensity images. All polarized images showed modulated intensity as the IPA was varied. The optimal detection of the partial-thickness tendon tears at a certain IPA was observed. The SPI system with varying IPA and spectral information can improve the detection of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears by higher visibility of fiber orientations and thereby improve diagnosis and treatment of tendon related injuries.

关键词： Polarization Collagen Imaging systems Tissues Polarimetry Refractive index Tissue optics Birefringence algorithm development Structured optical fibers

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Estimation of multiple motions using block-matching and Markov random fields

Estimation of multiple motions using block-matching and Mark...

引用

Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing 2004

作者： Stuke, I Aach, T Barth, E Mota, C Univ Lubeck Inst Signal Proc D-23538 Lubeck Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819452114

This paper deals with the problem of estimating multiple motions at points where these motions are overlaid. We present a new approach that is based on block-matching and can deal with both transparent motions and occlusions. We derive a block-matching constraint for an arbitrary number of moving layers. We use this constraint to design a hierarchical algorithm that can distinguish between the occurrence of single, transparent, and occluded motions and can thus select the appropriate local motion model. The algorithm adapts to the amount of noise in the image sequence by use of a statistical confidence test. The algorithm is further extended to deal with very noisy images by using a regularization based on Markov Random Fields. Performance is demonstrated on image sequences synthesized from natural textures with high levels of additive dynamic noise.

关键词： Motion models Motion estimation Image segmentation algorithm development Signal to noise ratio Distortion Interference (communication) Motion analysis Signal processing Stochastic processes

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HIGH-SPEED algorithm FOR DIGITAL PIV ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE-EXPOSURE PICTURES

HIGH-SPEED ALGORITHM FOR DIGITAL PIV ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE-EX...

引用

Conference on Optical Diagnostics in Fluid and Thermal Flow

作者： UEMURA, T IGUCHI, M MORITA, Z KANSAI UNIV DEPT IND ENGNSUITAOSAKA 564JAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819412546

In order to realize the high speed analysis in the incoherent high particle density PIV (IHD- PIV), the further advancement in both hard and soft wares is expected. Assuming the high resolution digital pictures, a new algorithm for the PIV is proposed. Although, spatial resolutions of existing video cameras are not sufficient for the PIV, the device is still useful for the purpose, since its the real-time recording and the future advancement is expectable. Assuming that a lot of tracer images are not clearly separated in the PIV pictures on a low spatial resolution medium, a new algorithm is developed which is based on the binary-image correlation method and the velocity vector histogram method. The whole analysis process could be performed by a personal computer and its can be finished in practically short seconds.

关键词： Particles Binary data algorithm development Cameras Image processing Spatial resolution Video CCD cameras Image analysis Liquid crystals

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Wavelet variance components in image space for spatio-temporal neuroimaging data

Wavelet variance components in image space for spatio-tempor...

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Wavelets - Applications in Signal and Image Processing X Conference

作者： Aston, J Turkheimer, F Cunningham, V Gunn, R US Bur Census Div Stat Res Washington DC 20233 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450804

Typical neuroimaging studies place great emphasis on not only the estimation but also the standard error estimates of underlying parameters derived from a temporal model. This is principally done to facilitate the use of t-statistics. Due to the spatial correlations in the data, it can often be more advantageous to interrogate models in the wavelet domain than in the image domain. However, widespread acceptance of these wavelet techniques has been hampered due to the limited ability to generate both parametric and error estimates in the image domain from these temporal models in the wavelet domain, without which comparison to current standard non-wavelet methods can prove difficult.

关键词： Wavelets Error analysis Data modeling Functional magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging Wavelet transforms Image analysis Positron emission tomography Statistical analysis algorithm development

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Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) status

Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) status

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Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites VIII

作者： Neeck, SP Kakar, RK Durning, JF Smith, EA NASA Headquarters Washington DC 20546 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819455172

Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) is a global space endeavor conceived by the US and Japan that has sparked global interest. Building upon the success of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), it will initiate the measurement of global precipitation, a key climate factor. Its science objectives are to improve ongoing efforts to predict climate by providing near-global measurement of precipitation, its distribution, and physical processes;to improve the accuracy of weather and precipitation forecasts through more accurate measurement of rain rates and latent heating;and to provide more frequent and complete sampling of the Earth's precipitation. It has received endorsements from the World Climate Research Programme, the World Meteorological Organization, and the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites. GPM is envisioned to consist of a core spacecraft to measure precipitation structure and to provide a calibration standard for the constellation spacecraft, an international constellation of spacecraft to provide frequent precipitation measurements on a global basis, calibration/validation sites distributed globally with a broad array of precipitation-measuring instrumentation, and a global precipitation data system to produce and distribute global rain maps and climate research products. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to provide the core spacecraft, a constellation spacecraft and its launch, microwave radiometers, the precipitation processing system, the mission operations system, and an array of ground calibration and validation sites. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans to contribute the radar for and launch of the core spacecraft. The European Space Agency (ESA) has studied a European constellation satellite contribution. India and France have expressed their interest in participating through the Megha-Tropiques project. South Korea has proposed the contribution of regional ground validation sites. Oth

关键词： Space operations Climatology Satellites Environmental sensing Microwave radiation Meteorology Calibration Data modeling Radar algorithm development

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