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CONF ON IMAGE UNDERSTANDING IN THE 90S : BUILDING SYSTEMS THAT WORK

作者： CHOUDHARY, A RANKA, S Syracuse Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819404969

A methodology and supporting software tools for obtaining insight and quantitative measures on the accuracy of ATC (automatic target cueing) algorithms are described. algorithm accuracy is characterized by trade-off curves in which selected performance measures are plotted against each other over a range of algorithm operating points. Performance trade-off curves determined as a function of critical sensor, target and background parameters allow algorithm sensitivity issues to be investigated and provide a basis for evaluating algorithm accuracy effects in the context of specific missions. The evaluation process is founded on an ATC experiment design which defines a challenging but representative "cut" through the multidimensional scenario space associated with the mission under consideration. The experiment design is included in a written test plan which documents the mechanics of the evaluation process and specifies the amount and type of imagery that will be made available for algorithm development and evaluation. tolls for placing confidence bounds on hypothetical algorithm performance trade-off curves provide a basis for addressing the statistical data adequacy issue in relation to the experiment design.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms Software development algorithm development Image processing Mechanics Sensors

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development platform for self-organizing wireless sensor networks

Development platform for self-organizing wireless sensor net...

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Conference on Unattended Ground Sensor Technologies and Applications

作者： Agre, JR Clare, LP Pottie, GJ Romanov, NP Rockwell Sci Ctr Thousand Oaks CA 91360 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431877

Distributed microsensor networks, built from collections of nodes each having the ability to sense their environment, process the raw sensor data in cooperation with other neighboring nodes into information and then communicate that information to end users. These systems are designed to be self-organizing in the sense of establishing and maintaining their own network without the need for specialist operators. In most envisioned applications, wireless communications are the most practical means of interconnection, eliminating the internode cabling. Long periods of autonomous operations in remote environments will need battery or other renewable energy sources. In order to prolong battery life, all node hardware and software functions need to be designed to consume minimal power. In general, a node will expend energy on local processing of sensor data to produce compressed information in order to reduce communications. These network systems are intended to support large numbers of such nodes to cover large geographic areas. This presents technical challenges in areas such as low cost design, scalability, cooperative processing and reliable operation of complex systems. Such networks are finding applications in both the military and commercial arenas, and the UCLA/Rockwell Science Center team(1) has developed a prototype wireless sensor node, "AWAIRS I," as a development platform to examine many of the issues relating to their design, deployment and usage. These issues cover a broad spectrum, from determining the best sensors for particular applications, to constructing low power signal processing algorithms and robust and low power network protocols.

关键词： Sensors Microsensors Sensor networks Data communications Signal processing algorithm development Human-machine interfaces Prototyping Wireless communications Acoustics

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RECENT ADVANCES IN THE development AND TRANSFER OF MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGIES FOR SPACE

RECENT ADVANCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER OF MACHINE V...

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CONF ON COOPERATIVE INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS IN SPACE

作者： DEFIGUEIREDO, RJP PENDLETON, T Univ. of California/Irvine (United States) NASA/Johnson Space Ctr. (United States)

Some of the recent work in which the authors have been involved on machine vision and technology transfer to space robotics is briefly described.

ISBN: (纸本)0819404543

Some of the recent work in which the authors have been involved on machine vision and technology transfer to space robotics is briefly described.

关键词： Data modeling Machine vision algorithm development Aerospace engineering Image processing Robotics Space robots Detection and tracking algorithms Space operations Object recognition

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Uncooled infrared development for small unmanned aerial vehicles

Uncooled infrared development for small unmanned aerial vehi...

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Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXVI

作者： Pitt, Timothy S. Wood, Sam B. Waddle, Caleb E. Edwards, William D. Yeske, Ben S. USA Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr Redstone Arsenal AL USA Dynetics Inc Huntsville AL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819481245

The US Army Aviation and Missile Research, development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) is developing a micro-uncooled infrared (IR) capability for small unmanned aerial systems (SUAS). In 2007, AMRDEC procured several uncooled microbolometers for lab and field test evaluations, and static tower tests involving specific target sets confirmed initial modeling and simulation predictions. With these promising results, AMRDEC procured two captive flight test (CFT) vehicles and, in 2008, completed numerous captive flights to capture imagery with the micro-uncooled infrared sensors. Several test configurations were used to build a comprehensive data set. These configurations included variations in look-down angles, fields of view (FOV), environments, altitudes, and target scenarios. Data collected during these field tests is also being used to develop human tracking algorithms and image stabilization software by other AMRDEC personnel. Details of these ongoing efforts will be presented in this paper and will include: 1) onboard digital data recording capabilities;2) analog data links for visual verification of imagery;3) sensor packaging and design;which include both infrared and visible cameras;4) field test and data collection results;5) future plans;6) potential applications. Finally, AMRDEC has recently acquired a 17 mu m pitch detector array. The paper will include plans to test both 17 mu m and 25 mu m microbolometer technologies simultaneously in a side-by-side captive flight comparison.

关键词： Cameras Sensors Infrared radiation Systems modeling algorithm development Computing systems Infrared sensors Microbolometers Neodymium NVThermIP

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development of a Generic Network Enabled Autonomous Vehicle System 10

Development of a Generic Network Enabled Autonomous Vehicle ...

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United-Kingdom-Automatic-Control-Council (UKACC) 10th International Conference on Control (CONTROL)

作者： Coombes, Matthew Eaton, William McAree, Owen Chen, Wen-Hua Univ Loughborough Dept Automot & Aeronaut Engn Loughborough LE11 3TU Leics England

ISBN: (纸本)9781479950119

This paper describes the development of a system for autonomous vehicle testing, utilising conventional network infrastructure for communication and control;allowing simultaneous control of multiple vehicles of differing vehicle types. A basic level of autonomy is achieved through the use of an Arduino based commercial autopilot (ArduPilot), which also allows for remote vehicle control via MAVLink protocol commands given through serial communication. Traditionally messages are sent using point-to-point wireless serial modems. As these are restricted in terms of bandwidth and flexibility, an improved set-up is suggested, where an embedded computer system is attached to each vehicle. A custom written Node. js program (MAVNode) is then used to encode and decode MAVLink messages onboard allowing communication over a Local Area Network via Wi-Fi. A selection of hardware configurations are discussed, including the use of conventional Wi-Fi and long range Ubiquiti airMAX wireless routers. Both software and hardware in the loop testing is discussed, in addition to the ability to to perform control from Matlab/Simulink. With all the infrastructure in place, algorithms can be rapidly prototyped. As an example use of the system, a quad-rotor visually tracks a robot while using a remote Matlab installation for image processing and control.

关键词： Autopilot rapid prototyping algorithm development hardware in the loop software in the loop invariant object recognition Ethernet Networks

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Two new methods for simulating photolithography development in 3D

Two new methods for simulating photolithography development ...

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Conference on Optical Microlithography IX

作者： Helmsen, J Puckett, EG Colella, P Dorr, M LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB CTR COMPUTAT SCI & ENGNLIVERMORECA 94550

ISBN: (纸本)0819421022

Two methods are presented for simulating the development of photolithographic profiles during the resist dissolution phase. These algorithms are the volume-of-fluid algorithm, and the steady level-set algorithm. These methods are compared with the ray-trace, cell and level- set techniques employed in SAMPLE-3D. The volume-of-fluid algorithm employs an Euclidean Grid with volume fractions. At each time step, the surface is reconstructed by computing an approximation of the tangent plane of the surface in each cell that contains a value between 0 and 1. The geometry constructed in this manner is used to determine flow velocity vectors and the flux across each edge. The material is then advanced by a split advection scheme. The steady level set algorithm is an extension of the iterative level set algorithm. The steady level set algorithm combines fast level set concepts and a technique for finding zero residual solutions to the eikonal function. The etch time for each cell is calculated in a time ordered manner. Use of heap sorting data structures allows the algorithm to execute extremely quickly. A similar technique was submitted by J. Sethian. Comparisons of the methods have been performed and the results are shown.

关键词： Etching Optical lithography Interfaces Photoresist materials algorithms Computer simulations Mathematics algorithm development Mechanics Photoresist developing

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development and validation of the AFIT scene and sensor emulator for testing (ASSET) 28

Development and validation of the AFIT scene and sensor emul...

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28th Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing

作者： Young, Shannon R. Steward, Bryan J. Gross, Kevin C. Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of Technology WPAFB OH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510608573

ASSET is a physics-based model used to generate synthetic data sets of wide field of view (WFOV) electro-optical and infrared (EO/IR) sensors with realistic radiometric properties, noise characteristics, and sensor artifacts. It was developed to meet the need for applications where precise knowledge of the underlying truth is required but is impractical to obtain for real sensors. For example, due to accelerating advances in imaging technology, the volume of data available from WFOV EO/IR sensors has drastically increased over the past several decades, and as a result, there is a need for fast, robust, automatic detection and tracking algorithms. Evaluation of these algorithms is difficult for objects that traverse a wide area (100-10,000 km) because obtaining accurate truth for the full object trajectory often requires costly instrumentation. Additionally, tracking and detection algorithms perform differently depending on factors such as the object kinematics, environment, and sensor configuration. A variety of truth data sets spanning these parameters are needed for thorough testing, which is often cost prohibitive. The use of synthetic data sets for algorithm development allows for full control of scene parameters with full knowledge of truth. However, in order for analysis using synthetic data to be meaningful, the data must be truly representative of real sensor collections. ASSET aims to provide a means of generating such representative data sets for WFOV sensors operating in the visible through thermal infrared. The work reported here describes the ASSET model, as well as provides validation results from comparisons to laboratory imagers and satellite data (e.g. Landsat-8). © 2017 COPYRIGHT SPIE.

关键词： Sensors Earth observing sensors Landsat Cameras Image sensors algorithm development Data modeling Clouds Image resolution Visible radiation Automatic tracking Detection and tracking algorithms Imaging technologies Infrared imaging Infrared radiation

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Optimizing drug-resistant epilepsy identification in the Veterans Health Administration

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Epilepsy Research 2025年 214卷 107568-107568页

作者： Haneef, Zulfi Eisenschenk, Stephan Lopez, Maria R. Hildebrand, Andrea Rehman, Rizwana Gopinath Karicheri, Sruthi Coutts, Marcella A. Khan, Omar I. Kellogg, Marissa Epilepsy Centers of Excellence. Veterans Administration Central Office Washington DC United States Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston 77030 TX United States Baylor College of Medicine Houston 77030 TX United States Malcolm Randall VA Medical Center Gainesville 32608 FL United States University of Florida Health Gainesville 32610 FL United States Maryland VA Healthcare System Baltimore 21201 MD United States Bruce Carter VA Medical Center Miami 33125 FL United States Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami 33125 FL United States Portland VA Healthcare System Portland 97239 OR United States Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) Portland 97239 OR United States Durham VA Healthcare System Durham 27705 NC United States

Background: Accurate identification of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is crucial for accurate disease measurement, effective clinical intervention and improved patient outcomes. Prior attempts to define DRE in administrative data using the 2010 International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria have faced complexities. Methods: This retrospective study utilized national administrative data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to identify patients with possible DRE. This was a multicenter national cohort that uses a common, non-commercial medical record system. A panel of six epileptologists conducted chart reviews to identify DRE using the 2010 ILAE criteria. Logistic regression was used to analyze epilepsy-related variables of interest to develop algorithms identifying DRE. Results: Among 260 included patients, 93 (35.8 %) had DRE, 148 (56.9 %) did not have DRE, and 19 (7.3 %) were undetermined. Out of 96 algorithms assessed, the best-performing algorithm had a high accuracy (F1 score=0.726) and defined DRE as those on ≥ 3 ASMs in addition to those on ≥ 2 ASMs for ≥ 365 days with at least one intractable ICD code. The algorithm demonstrated high sensitivity (0.74), specificity (0.81), and area under the curve (AUC 0.78). Factors such as age, number of ASMs, EEG, and MRI procedures, and intractable epilepsy ICD codes were associated with DRE. Discussion: Our optimal algorithm for DRE identification is like previously published algorithms that determined the importance of number and duration of ASMs. However, it differs in the particular combination of factors that best identified DRE. These differences highlight the importance of fine-tuning algorithms for specific care settings. Further validation in a larger, more heterogenous cohort are needed to determine our algorithm's applicability and potential impact. © 2025

关键词： algorithm development Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) ILAE 2010 criteria Veterans Health Administration (VHA)

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Open standard development platforms for distributed sensor networks

Open standard development platforms for distributed sensor n...

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Conference on Unattended Ground Sensor Technologies and Applications IV

作者： Merrill, W Sohrabi, K Girod, L Elson, J Newberg, F Kaiser, W Sensoria Corp Culver City CA 90230 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444936

In the development of distributed security sensor networks a large variety of prototype systems have been implemented and tested. However these systems tend to be developer specific and require substantial overhead in demonstrating more than one application. To bridge the gap between embedded, networked. systems and desktop simulation environments, systems are necessary which are easily deployable and allow extended operation of distributed sensor networks, while allowing the flexibility to quickly test and evaluate a variety of operational algorithms. To enable fast optimization by leveraging the widest development community, open standards for such a portable development system are desired. An open development system allows individual developers and small groups to focus on and optimize specific aspects of a distributed sensor network within realistic deployment constraints, prior to complete integration and deployment of a system within a specific application. By providing an embedded sensor and processing platform with integrated wired and wireless networking, a modular software suite separating access and control of individual processes, and open APIs, algorithm development and software optimization can be greatly accelerated and more robustly tested. To meet the unique needs of distributed sensor network applications, additional separation must be provided between the access to various subsystems, for example real-time embedded control versus tasks with less stringent timing requirements. An open platform that separates these requirements allows developers to accelerate testing and development of applications by focusing on individual components of the distributed sensor system, such as target tracking or low power networking. The WINS NG 2.0 developer's platform, provided by Sensoria Corporation for the DARPA/ITO Sensor Information Technology (SensIT) program, provides one example of such a system. This systems bridge the gap between dedicated desktop develop

关键词： Sensors Standards development Sensor networks Sensing systems algorithm development Distributed computing Software development Telecommunications Control systems Embedded systems

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development of a Testbed for Laboratory Validation of Navigation, Estimation, and Sensing algorithms

Development of a Testbed for Laboratory Validation of Naviga...

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作者： Simon, Andrew Blake Texas A&M University

学位级别：硕士

Laboratory validation is an important step in the development of new navigation and estimation algorithms. The laboratory validation process often requires the simulation and/or emulation of vehicles, sensors, and operational environments. At Texas A&M University’s Land, Air, and Space Robotics (LASR) Laboratory, robotics is utilized to provide the necessary motion and sensing capabilities to meet this end. A new robotic platform - the Navigation, Estimation, and Sensing Testbed (NEST) - was developed for the LASR Laboratory to aid the algorithm testing and validation process. NEST combines a suite of sensors, powerful onboard computer, rechargeable battery, and supporting power electronics into a compact, modular chassis. The result is a versatile, reusable vehicle emulation and sensing platform that can be applied to a variety of projects and operated on its own or in conjunction with other robotic platforms and computing units. NEST’s hardware and software are discussed, along with typical utilization within the laboratory.

关键词： algorithm development hardware-in-the-loop testing simulation emulation laboratory validation robotics testbed navigation estimation sensing Thesis

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