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Approximation of Achievable Robustness Limit Based on Sensitivity Inversion

JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS 2024年第1期47卷 143-155页

作者： Cho, Namhoon Lee, Hae-In Cranfield Univ Ctr Autonomous & Cyber Phys Syst Sch Aerospace Tra Cranfield MK43 0AL England

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Efficient Feature Descriptor for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Ground Moving Object Tracking

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JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2017年第6期14卷 345-349页

作者： Desai, Alok Lee, Dah-Jye CubiScan Farmington UT 84025 USA Brigham Young Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Provo UT 84602 USA

A synthetic basis (SYBA) feature descriptor was used to perform frame-to-frame feature matching for frame differencing. The SYBAfeature descriptor is a robust algorithm that performs well with different degrees of image variation including: illumination, blurring, rotation, and perspective variations. The first step in detecting moving objects is to find the absolute difference between two image frames. To find the difference, the homography that describes the geometric relationship between the two frames is calculated using matched image feature points. The homography is then used to transform and align the images accurately. The transformed images are then used to calculate the absolute difference of the two images. It is then visually apparent where objects have moved or changed between the two images. Frame-to-frame object movement can be approximated to a linear process making the Kalman filter algorithm the best option. Once an object is lost, its corresponding track is deleted along with its corresponding motion model. During tracking, an object may be occluded by other objects in the scene. The MOT metric is designed to evaluate the performance of an object tracker by considering the tracking continuity, distance error for each path, and the reliability of detection. Thus, only the position of the object is considered in generating the MOT metric. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the method and prove that the SYBA descriptor works well with various image deformations.

关键词： UAV Speeded Up Robust Features Kalman Filter Track algorithm algorithm performance Feature Detection

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Comparison of grouping algorithms to increase the sample size for statistical process control

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SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020年第5期2卷 935页

作者： Greipel, Jonathan Simon Nottenkaemper, Gina Schmitt, Robert Heinrich Prod Engn Cluster Campus Blvd 30 D-52074 Aachen Germany Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Chair Prod Metrol & Qual Management Lab Machine Tools & Prod Engn WZL Aachen Germany

In this study, we present and compare four grouping algorithms to combine samples from low volume production processes. This increases their sample sizes and enables the application of Statistical Process Control (SPC) to low volume production processes. To develop the grouping algorithms, we define different grouping criteria and a general grouping process. To identify which algorithm is optimal, we deduct following requirements on the algorithms from real production datasets: their ability to handle different amount of characteristics and sample sizes within each characteristic as well as being able to separate characteristics possessing distributions with different spreads and locations. To check the fulfillment of these requirements, we define two performance indices and conduct a full-factorial Design of Experiments. We achieve the performance indices for each algorithm by using simulations with artificial data incorporating the aforementioned requirements. One index rates the achieved group sizes and the other one the compactness within groups and the separation between groups. To validate the applicability of grouping algorithms within SPC, we apply real production data to the grouping algorithms and control charts. The result of this analysis shows that the grouping algorithm based on cluster analysis and splitting exceeds the other algorithms. In conclusion, the grouping algorithms enable the application of SPC to small sample sizes. This provides companies, which produce in low volumes, with new means of reducing scrap, generating process knowledge and increasing quality.

关键词： Grouping algorithm SPC Low volume production Pooling of data algorithm performance

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Potential of low altitude multispectral imaging for in-field apple tree nursery inventory mapping

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第16期49卷 421-425页

作者： Quirós, Juan José Khot, Lav R. Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University ProsserWA99350 United States Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz PiracicabaSP13418-900 Brazil

Aerial imaging based plant counting is a widely studied topic in remote sensing. Nevertheless, existing methodologies are not applicable for in-field nurseries tree counting due to the complexity in canopy shapes, irregular plant spacing and growth, and diverse textures captured on the images. In this study, a new algorithm has been developed in accordance to the specific requirements of apple nurseries images. algorithm composed of two key steps, i.e. a raster processing followed by a vector analyses. First step attempt to isolate apple plant pixels using spatial, spectral, and radiometric enhancements. In vector processing, filters based on the size and location of the polygons were applied to isolate the areas resulting from earlier step to represent apple plants. algorithm was evaluated to estimate number of apple trees in an young nursery imaged with low altitude multispectral imaging system at four altitudes of 10, 25, 40, and 50 m. Multispectral imaging sensor consisted of near-infrared (NIR), green and blue as three bands. For 10- and 25-m images, algorithm performance was evaluated in individual as well as in mosaic images. Low altitude images with ≤ 25 m above ground level were ideally suited for young apple nursery tree count with 5% or less estimation error. Tree count accuracy was 97% and 95% for 10-m altitude individual and mosaic images, respectively. Similarly, those values were 92% and 88% for 25-m altitude images. Based on the results, images at 40 m are recommended only when the methodology include four extra steps added to the base algorithm to have tree count accuracies of about 88%. Images at 50 m are not recommended in any case due to the low accuracy obtained (~ 75%). Overall, the low altitude multispectral imaging integrated with image processing algorithm developed in this study will aid nursery growers in low-cost and timely tree count needed for inventory mapping and management. © 2016

关键词： Trees (mathematics) Antennas Forestry Fruits Image processing Infrared devices Mapping Remote sensing algorithm performance Image processing algorithm Multi spectral imaging systems Multispectral imaging Multispectral imaging sensors Nursery production tree inventory Unmanned aerial systems

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Cardiovascular burden in systemic sclerosis: QRISK3 versus Framingham for risk estimation

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MODERN RHEUMATOLOGY 2022年第3期32卷 584-588页

作者： Di Battista, Marco Barsotti, Simone Della Rossa, Alessandra Mosca, Marta Univ Pisa Rheumatol Unit Via Roma 67 I-56123 Pisa Toscana Italy

Objectives To compare two algorithms for cardiovascular (CV) risk estimation in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, investigating correlations with disease characteristics. Methods Traditional CV risk factors and SSc-specific characteristics were assessed in a cohort of SSc patients. Framingham and QRISK3 algorithms were used to estimate the risk of developing a CV disease over the next 10 years. Results Seventy-two SSc patients were enrolled. Among those 56 without previous CV events, Framingham reported a median risk score of 9.6%, classifying 24 (42.9%) subjects at high risk. QRISK3 showed a median risk score of 15.8%, with 36 (64.3%) patients considered at high risk. Both algorithms revealed a significant role of some traditional risk factors and a noteworthy potential protective role of endothelin receptor antagonists (p = .003). QRISK3 was also significantly influenced by some SSc-specific characteristics, such as limited cutaneous subset (p = .01), interstitial lung disease (p = .04), and non-ischemic heart involvement (p = .03), with the first two maintaining statistical significance in the multivariate analysis (p = .02). Conclusions QRISK3 classifies more SSc patients at high risk to develop CV diseases than Framingham, reflecting the influence of some SSc-specific characteristics. If its predictive accuracy were prospectively verified, the use of QRISK3 as a tool in the early detection of SSc patients at high CV risk should be recommended.

关键词： Cardiovascular risk systemic sclerosis risk factors algorithm performance cardiovascular diseases

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Sequestration of imaging studies in MIDRC: stratified sampling to balance demographic characteristics of patients in a multi-institutional data commons

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JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING 2023年第6期10卷 064501页

作者： Baughan, Natalie Whitney, Heather M. Drukker, Karen Sahiner, Berkman Hu, Tingting Kim, Grace Hyun McNitt-Gray, Michael Myers, Kyle J. Giger, Maryellen L. Univ Chicago Dept Radiol Chicago IL 60637 USA US FDA Bethesda MD USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Puente Solut Phoenix AZ USA

Purpose: The Medical Imaging and Data Resource Center (MIDRC) is a multi-institutional effort to accelerate medical imaging machine intelligence research and create a publicly available image repository/commons as well as a sequestered commons for performance evaluation and benchmarking of algorithms. After de-identification, approximately 80% of the medical images and associated metadata become part of the open commons and 20% are sequestered from the open commons. To ensure that both commons are representative of the population available, we introduced a stratified sampling method to balance the demographic characteristics across the two ***: Our method uses multi-dimensional stratified sampling where several demographic variables of interest are sequentially used to separate the data into individual strata, each representing a unique combination of variables. Within each resulting stratum, patients are assigned to the open or sequestered commons. This algorithm was used on an example dataset containing 5000 patients using the variables of race, age, sex at birth, ethnicity, COVID-19 status, and image modality and compared resulting demographic distributions to naive random sampling of the dataset over 2000 independent ***: Resulting prevalence of each demographic variable matched the prevalence from the input dataset within one standard deviation. Mann-Whitney U test results supported the hypothesis that sequestration by stratified sampling provided more balanced subsets than naive randomization, except for demographic subcategories with very low ***: The developed multi-dimensional stratified sampling algorithm can partition a large dataset while maintaining balance across several variables, superior to the balance achieved from naive randomization.

关键词： machine learning stratified sampling sequestration COVID-19 image database algorithm performance Medical Imaging and Data Resource Center

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Development and Evaluation of an Improved algorithm for Detection of Ventricular Fibrillation 10th

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World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering

作者： Park, Sung-Bin Yoon, Hyoung-Ro Yonsei Univ Wonju South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783540368397

Our study focuses on a development and evaluation of ventricular fibrillation detection algorithm included clinical considerations on electrocardiography(ECG) signals as real-time warning on ventricular fibrillation occurrence in patients, especially at ICU and CCU is most critical function of a patient monitoring system. To determine whether ECG signal contains features on ventricular fibrillation, first, band-pass filter was applied, then peaks and valleys were detected in recent 2 seconds by 0.5second interval. Finally, time-difference and amplitude variation on both peaks and valleys and mutual relation on time difference between peak and valley were computed. These computed values allow us to decide whether ventricular fibrillation occurs or not. Moreover, we separated cardiac pulsation state into heartbeat, asystole and ventricular fibrillation state respectively so as to transfer one state to another state if present state did not meet the requirements established for each state. We conducted an assessment of performance of our proposed algorithm. Test signals were taken from the AHA ECG Database Series I and MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. As a result, VF duration sensitivity and VF duration positive predictivity is 98.1% and 99.1% in AHA DB, 88.5% and 86.3% in MIT-BIH DB respectively.

关键词： Ventricular Fibrillation Pulsation State algorithm performance

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11th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computer Communication and Processing (ICCP)

作者： Oprisa, Ciprian Ignat, Nicolae Bitdefender Bucharest Romania Tech Univ Cluj Napoca Cluj Napoca Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781467382007

Finding similar binary programs is a challenging task, as there is no best way to compute this kind of similarity. The approach in the current paper is based on the fact that some programs retain structural information from the source code, like the division into packages, classes and methods. Using such a hierarchical structure, comparison algorithms based on OpCode n-grams can be enriched in order to produce more meaningful results. The method was implemented in order to detect plagiarism cases in a collection of Android applications written in Java. By employing the new techniques, the plagiarism detector exceeded 95% in terms of both precision and recall. The algorithm performance is also better if we use the new information about the program hierarchy, as the proposed system managed to compare large applications of over 7000 methods in about 15 seconds. By automatically detecting plagiarism cases from an early stage, our framework can limit the loss in financial revenue for the legitimate developers.

关键词： Android (operating system) Java program compilers security of data source code (software) Android application OpCode n-gram algorithm performance binary program hierarchical structure legitimate developer plagiarism case plagiarism detector program hierarchy source code Androids Complexity theory Feature extraction Humanoid robots Plagiarism Yttrium Java Java programming language Plagiarism hierarchical structure Androids Androids Source code compilers Humanoid robots Data Security Complexity theory Rare earths yttrium Feature extraction similar measure

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Assessment of the performance of Tonal-Broadband Decomposition algorithms for Propeller Noise

Assessment of the Performance of Tonal-Broadband Decompositi...

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AIAA Aviation Forum

作者： Bonomo, Lucas A. Cordioli, Julio A. Colaciti, Alysson K. Fonseca, Joao Victor N. Simoes, Leandro G. C. Univ Fed Santa Catarina Dept Mech Engn BR-88040900 Florianopolis SC Brazil EMBRAER SA Noise & Vibrat BR-12227901 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9781624107047

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107047

The usage of propellers is increasingly as an alternative to traditional aircraft and have become the primary option for new urban mobility vehicles. However, noise emissions from rotating blades can be a challenge for the certification of these new vehicles. The acoustic sources from a propeller can be decomposed into deterministic and random components. Therefore, academic research has focused on developing methods to separate these components. This study compares the performance of several literature methods to decompose propeller noise signals into tonal and broadband components. Initially, the methods were applied to a synthetic data that represents the main characteristics of rotating blade noise. Later, the methods were tested on realistic acoustic data collected within an isolated propeller test rig. The results showed that methods based on phase-averaging the recorded signals satisfactorily detected harmonic components. The method based on cross-correlation between data blocks had good ability to extract the broadband spectra, while poor performance on harmonic detection was observed. Additionally, the wavelet transform and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition methods were capable of reconstructing the time series related to both deterministic and random parts. However, further investigation is required regarding the POD modes separation, as unexpected trends were observed with the wavelet-based method.

关键词： Propeller Noise Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Propellers Wavelet Transform Overall Sound Pressure Level Short Time Fourier Transform Gaussian White Noise Convergence Analysis algorithm performance Spectral Analysis

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RETRACTED: Development and validation of algorithms to differentiate ductal carcinoma in situ from invasive breast cancer within administrative claims data (Retracted Article)

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CANCER 2018年第13期124卷 2815-2823页

作者： Hirth, Jacqueline M. Hatch, Sandra S. Lin, Yu-Li Giordano, Sharon H. Silva, H. Colleen Kuo, Yong-Fang Univ Texas Med Branch Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Womens Hlth Dept Obstet & Gynecol 301 Univ BlvdRte 0587 Galveston TX 77555 USA Univ Texas Med Branch Dept Radiat Oncol Galveston TX 77555 USA Univ Texas Med Branch Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth Off Biostat Galveston TX 77555 USA Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Hlth Serv Res Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Breast Med Oncol Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Med Branch Dept Oncol Surg Galveston TX 77555 USA

BACKGROUND: Overtreatment is a common concern for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), but this entity is difficult to distinguish from invasive breast cancers in administrative claims data sets because DCIS often is coded as invasive breast cancer. Therefore, the authors developed and validated algorithms to select DCIS cases from administrative claims data to enable outcomes research in this type of data. METHODS: This retrospective cohort using invasive breast cancer and DCIS cases included women aged 66 to 70 years in the 2004 through 2011 Texas Cancer Registry (TCR) data linked to Medicare administrative claims data. TCR records were used as "gold" standards to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of 2 algorithms. Women with a biopsy enrolled in Medicare parts A and B at 12 months before and 6 months after their first biopsy without a second incident diagnosis of DCIS or invasive breast cancer within 12 months in the TCR were included. Women in 2010 Medicare data were selected to test the algorithms in a general sample. RESULTS: In the TCR data set, a total of 6907 cases met inclusion criteria, with 1244 DCIS cases. The first algorithm had a sensitivity of 79%, a specificity of 89%, and a PPV of 62%. The second algorithm had a sensitivity of 50%, a specificity of 97%. and a PPV of 77%. Among women in the general sample, the specificity was high and the sensitivity was similar for both algorithms. However, the PPV was approximately 6% to 7% lower. CONCLUSIONS: DCIS frequently is miscoded as invasive breast cancer, and thus the proposed algorithms are useful to examine DCIS outcomes using data sets not linked to cancer registries. (C) 2018 American Cancer Society

关键词： administrative claims data algorithm performance breast cancer ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) validation

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