Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, as one of the key components in the Internet of Things (IoT), have attracted much attention in the domains of industry and academia. In practice, the performance of RFID ...
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Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, as one of the key components in the Internet of Things (IoT), have attracted much attention in the domains of industry and academia. In practice, the performance of RFID systems rather relies on the effectiveness and efficiency of anti-collision algorithms. A large body of studies have recently focused on the anti-collision algorithms, such as the Q-algorithm (QA), which has been successfully utilized in EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 protocol. However, the performance of those anti-collision algorithms needs to be further improved. Observe that fully exploiting the pre-processing time can improve the efficiency of the QA algorithm. With an objective of improving the performance for anti-collision, we propose a Nested Q-algorithm (NQA), which makes full use of such pre-processing time and incorporates the advantages of both Binary Tree (BT) algorithm and QA algorithm. Specifically, based on the expected number of collision tags, the NQA algorithm can adaptively select either BT or QA to identify collision tags. Extensive simulation results validate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed NQA (i.e., less running time for processing the same number of active tags) when compared to the existing algorithms.
Smart supermarkets are the future development trend of supermarkets. At present, the key problem that hinders the development of smart supermarkets is the collision of RFID tags. Based on the environment characteristi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781921712661
Smart supermarkets are the future development trend of supermarkets. At present, the key problem that hinders the development of smart supermarkets is the collision of RFID tags. Based on the environment characteristics of smart supermarkets, by analyzing the existing anti-collision algorithms, an improved lock-bit dual prefix probe anti-collision algorithm is proposed. By establishing models and analyzing, the system total time slots and throughput rate all have been improved and throughput rate is stable at 95%. It solves the collision problem of commodity RFID tags in smart supermarkets and improves the overall stability and operational efficiency of smart supermarket RFID systems.
In order to further decrease the probability of the collision and reduce communication complexity, a new low complexity anti-collision algorithm for RFID is proposed using Query Tree. The proposed algorithm can reduce...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538664230
In order to further decrease the probability of the collision and reduce communication complexity, a new low complexity anti-collision algorithm for RFID is proposed using Query Tree. The proposed algorithm can reduce the probability of collision and the traffic of data communication by tag grouping and setting rules, respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme consumes fewer slots and has lower communication complexity.
In Radio Frequency Identification system, reader collision problems are generally mitigated by maximizing the total effective interrogation area of an RFID reader network or by automatic adjustable frame size of reade...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509027170
In Radio Frequency Identification system, reader collision problems are generally mitigated by maximizing the total effective interrogation area of an RFID reader network or by automatic adjustable frame size of reader, etc. This paper proposes a novel anti-collision algorithm for RFID system using adaptive Bayesian Belief Networks. Bayesian belief networks are suitable for target recognition within a network using the category, identity and type or class of a target. These three attributes are being modelled based on the theory, which relies on previous and related trials approach. It is a classical problem which uses the observers' belief that an event will occur or not. Similarly, it can predict from previous trial reports whether a node is reliable or not. An RFID network faced with the reader collision problem when multiple readers are deployed densely and enters the region of another reader. Tags receive signal from more than one reader and instant identification by a single reader becomes a problem. The aim of this paper is to develop an efficient anti-collision algorithm, where using BBN, the reader identifies foreign elements like unwanted tags and readers and detect the specific/authentic tags. Similarly, the tag can respond the specific reader only and rejecting signal from unwanted readers, thus control the transmitting characteristics and minimizes the collision problems. In this paper, the authenticity checker is developed and implemented for RFID system using VHDL code and simulated the design with Xilinx ISE 14.3 simulation tools and high performance FPGA board.
In order to solve the problem of tag collision in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system, the paper proposes a Multi-Bit Identification collision Tree (MICT) algorithm based on a collision tree. The algorithm us...
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In order to solve the problem of tag collision in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system, the paper proposes a Multi-Bit Identification collision Tree (MICT) algorithm based on a collision tree. The algorithm uses an array scheme to mark the collision bits in the identification process, and determines the collision information according to the first few bits of the tag, which can effectively reduce the number of recognitions and the amount of communication data. The testing results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the time complexity by about 38% and the communication complexity by about 27% compared to existing collision-tree-based algorithms. Through theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation, the MICT algorithm has obvious advantages in terms of time and communication complexity compared to the other typical algorithms. The algorithm can be applied to the field of RFID-related systems to significantly improve the system efficiency.
Smart supermarkets are the future development trend of supermarkets. At present, the key problem that hinders the development of smart supermarkets is the collision of RFID tags. Based on the environment characteristi...
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Smart supermarkets are the future development trend of supermarkets. At present, the key problem that hinders the development of smart supermarkets is the collision of RFID tags. Based on the environment characteristics of smart supermarkets, by analyzing the existing anti-collision algorithms, an improved lock-bit dual prefix probe anti-collision algorithm is proposed. By establishing models and analyzing, the system total time slots and throughput rate all have been improved and throughput rate is stable at 95%. It solves the collision problem of commodity RFID tags in smart supermarkets and improves the overall stability and operational efficiency of smart supermarket RFID systems.
In the RFID reader recognition range, there are 2 or more than 2 tags and reader communications. Due to aliasing and interference of different signals, tag cannot be read and write the correct recognition, which leads...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538630228
In the RFID reader recognition range, there are 2 or more than 2 tags and reader communications. Due to aliasing and interference of different signals, tag cannot be read and write the correct recognition, which leads to collision and reduce system efficiency. In order to improve the electronic tag identification efficiency of the RFID system, this paper takes the random ALOHA anti-collision algorithm as the research object based on the implementation of efficiency, stability and application of the system and proposes a new ALOHA anti-collision algorithm. A dynamic adaptive adjustment method is used to improve the tag estimation and the frame length adjustment. MATLAB simulation is employed to analyze the effectiveness and superiority of the new algorithm which enjoys more advantages compared with the previous algorithm.
The anti-collision algorithm is very important for the Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) system. For the various possible algorithms, hybrid algorithm has the best performance because it combines the ideas of bina...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538635735
The anti-collision algorithm is very important for the Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) system. For the various possible algorithms, hybrid algorithm has the best performance because it combines the ideas of binary tree with frame-slotted ALOHA. Previous papers mainly focused on the tag population estimation and frame size. However, the time taken by different slots was not considered. In this paper, a fined-grained time model that specifies time requirements for reader and tags communications is derived. The model highlights that the duration of an idle slot is shorter than the time taken by an identification or collision slot. We use this model to deduce the optimal frame size. The optimal frame size for different RFID systems is derived numerically. The principle to select the optimal frame size is given, which is verified by simulations and a case study. Results show that we should compress the idle slot as much as possible to improve system efficiency.
At present, radio frequency identification technology has been widely used in many fields, such as data acquisition, transportation, logistics management and so on. However, the collision problem in RFID technology se...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509025084
At present, radio frequency identification technology has been widely used in many fields, such as data acquisition, transportation, logistics management and so on. However, the collision problem in RFID technology seriously affects the performance of RFID system. Aimed at the shortcomings of search times and traffic by the traditional binary search algorithm, this paper propose an improved binary search algorithm based on the combination of dynamic binary search algorithm and backward binary search algorithm. Experimental results show that the improved algorithm greatly reduces search times and the amount of data transmission, thereby improving the recognition efficiency.
This paper proposes a type of improved adaptive N-tree anti-collision algorithm based on the traditional one for RFID system by combination with maximum likelihood estimation and probe pre-detection. This algorithm in...
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This paper proposes a type of improved adaptive N-tree anti-collision algorithm based on the traditional one for RFID system by combination with maximum likelihood estimation and probe pre-detection. This algorithm inherits some features from Alpha- and tree-based anti-collision algorithms and effectively restrain the star-vation of the two algorithms. It has also filled in the gaps of tag collision with higher probability. The study turns out that the improved adaptive N-tree anti-collision algorithm as proposed can feature adaptive choice of the value N of the tree, length breaks of free timeslots, restraints on defects such as more tag classification and higher collision probability just as what the traditional tree-based algorithm has. N-tree built by level-to-level frame identification eliminates the free timeslots, and improves the tag identification precision for the RFID system. The results from simulation experiment reveal that the algorithm proposed in this paper has lower Error Sampling Reckon (ESR) and Throughput Rate Deviation (TRD), and features large throughput rate (87%), low delay of tag recognition and minimum timeslots, and etc. hence to be better applied in large-scale logistics and other fields where fast information recognition is involved.
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