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23rd Chinese Control and Decision Conference

作者： Li, Zhonghua He, Chunhui Tan, Hong-Zhou Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424487363

In RFID systems, applying multiple readers will cause communication conflict or data interference (i.e. reader collision) when the readers within the interference region of each other attempt to access a tag by using the same frequency channel and at the same time. In order to solve this reader collision problem, many reader anti-collision algorithms have been proposed. This paper attempts to globally review of the main reader anti-collision algorithms and to further compare among these algorithms, and discusses the prospect of research and development in reader aiiti-collision field.

关键词： RFID system reader anti-collision algorithm

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An Investigation on Tree-Based Tags anti-collision algorithms in RFID

An Investigation on Tree-Based Tags Anti-Collision Algorithm...

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International Conference on Computer Network, Electronic and Automation (ICCNEA)

作者： Su Xiaohao Liu Baolong Xian Technol Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Xian 710021 Shaanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538639818

The tree-based tags anti-collision algorithm is an important method in the anti-collision algorithms. In this paper, several typical tree algorithms are evaluated. The comparison of algorithms is summarized including time complexity, communication complexity and recognition, and the characteristics and disadvantages of each algorithm are pointed out. Finally, the improvement strategies of tree anticollision algorithm are proposed, and the future research directions are also prospected.

关键词： Radio Frequency Identification anti-collision algorithm Electronic tags Deterministic algorithm

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Performance Analysis of Basic Tree Protocols and ALOHA-Based anti-collision algorithms Used in RFID Systems

Performance Analysis of Basic Tree Protocols and ALOHA-Based...

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IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)

作者： Saadi, Hadjer Touhami, Rachida Yagoub, Mustapha C. E. USTHB Univ Elect & Informat Fac Algiers Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307536

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a popular automatic identification and an emerging wireless technology with highly promising applications. In an RFID system, the anti-collision algorithm is one of the primary mechanisms to address the issue of multi-object identification. This paper focused on a detailed study of the ALOHA anti-collision problem and a comparative study with the basic binary tree protocols. Two tag estimation methods were investigated and a performance analysis was successfully achieved based on various key design parameters such as the probability of a successful transmission, the collision ratio, the offered load, the system efficiency, the system throughput and the estimation accuracy of successful transmission.

关键词： RFID anti-collision algorithm Protocols Binary Tree ALOHA Probabilistic methods

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Precise-Optimal Frame Length Based collision Reduction Schemes for Frame Slotted Aloha RFID Systems

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KSII TRANSACTIONS ON INTERNET AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2014年第1期8卷 165-182页

作者： Dhakal, Sunil Shin, Seokjoo Chosun Univ Dept Comp Engn Kwangju 501759 South Korea

An RFID systems employ efficient anti-collision algorithms (ACAs) to enhance the performance in various applications. The EPC-Global G2 RFID system utilizes Frame Slotted Aloha (FSA) as its ACA. One of the common approaches used to maximize the system performance (tag identification efficiency) of FSA-based RFID systems involves finding the optimal value of the frame length relative to the contending population size of the RFID tags. Several analytical models for finding the optimal frame length have been developed;however, they are not perfectly optimized because they lack precise characterization for the timing details of the underlying ACA. In this paper, we investigate this promising direction by precisely characterizing the timing details of the EPC-Global G2 protocol and use it to derive a precise-optimal frame length model. The main objective of the model is to determine the optimal frame length value for the estimated number of tags that maximizes the performance of an RFID system. However, because precise estimation of the contending tags is difficult, we utilize a parametric-heuristic approach to maximize the system performance and propose two simple schemes based on the obtained optimal frame length-namely, Improved Dynamic-Frame Slotted Aloha (ID-FSA) and Exponential Random Partitioning-Frame Slotted Aloha (ERP-FSA). The ID-FSA scheme is based on the tag set estimation and frame size update mechanisms, whereas the ERP-FSA scheme adjusts the contending tag population in such a way that the applied frame size becomes optimal. The results of simulations conducted indicate that the ID-FSA scheme performs better than several well-known schemes in various conditions, while the ERP-FSA scheme performs well when the frame size is small.

关键词： anti-collision algorithm RFID Frame Slotted Aloha EPC-Global Optimal Frame Length

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Capture-Aware Couple-Resolution Blocking Protocol in RFID Systems

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第4期93卷 969-986页

作者： Choi, Hae-il Kim, Hyung-jik Choi, Sunwoong Kookmin Univ Dept Elect Engn Seoul 02707 South Korea

In radio frequency identification systems, some applications require tags to be identified repeatedly. To achieve this, many protocols have been proposed that use information obtained from the previous tag identification process to quickly re-identify tags remaining within the communication range of the reader. However, none of these protocols consider the capture effect, and thus may not be effective in real wireless communication environments. When multiple tags simultaneously reply to a reader, the reader may consider the strongest signal to be a successful transmission rather than a collision and ignore all other replies. In this paper, we propose a new capture-aware anticollision protocol based on the couple-resolution blocking (CRB) protocol that efficiently identifies tags repeatedly. We demonstrate that the CRB protocol suffers from the capture effect in which some tags may not be identified in practical environments. To solve this problem of the capture effect, we modify the CRB protocol by adopting the state-of-the-art capture-aware anti-collision protocol known as the multi-round collision tree (MRCT) protocol. Through computer simulation, we show that the proposed protocol with MRCT can reduce the number of slots required by approximately 50% in a random topology where most tags remain in the communication range of the reader.

关键词： anti-collision algorithm Capture effect RFID tag re-identification

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Adaptive couple-resolution blocking protocol for repeated tag identification in RFID systems

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EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2016年第1期2016卷 1页

作者： Choi, Sunwoong Choi, Hae-il Kookmin Univ Sch Elect Engn Seoul 02707 South Korea

RFID applications such as monitoring an object for a long time need to identify tags repeatedly within the scope of the reader. Re-identification process can be improved using the information obtained from the previous tag identification process. Couple-resolution blocking (CRB) protocol utilizes the blocking technique that prevents staying tags from being collided by newly arriving tags. Staying tags can be efficiently re-identified by utilizing the retained information. After staying tags are separately all identified, arriving tags are identified. In this paper, we argue that CRB may work more poorly than other protocols which do not consider the repeated tag identification, such as query tree (QT) and collision tree (CT) protocol, when only few tags stay. To tackle the problem, we propose an adaptive CRB (ACRB) protocol. In ACRB, the reader estimates the tag staying ratio during the re-identification process for staying tags. If the estimated ratio is lower than a certain threshold, the blocking technique is immediately abandoned. Instead, staying tags and arriving tags are identified together without considering the retained information. In addition, we propose to improve CRB further using CT protocol, instead of QT protocol. Through computer simulation, we show that ACRB improves the identification efficiency of CRB, especially when the tag staying ratio is low.

关键词： RFID anti-collision algorithm Repeated tag identification Couple-resolution blocking protocol (CRB)

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MRCT: An Efficient Tag Identification Protocol in RFID Systems with Capture Effect

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KSII TRANSACTIONS ON INTERNET AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2013年第7期7卷 1624-1637页

作者： Choi, Sunwoong Choi, Jaehyuk Yoo, Joon Kookmin Univ Sch Elect Engn Seoul 136702 South Korea Gachon Univ Dept Software Design & Management Songnam 461701 South Korea

In RFID systems, one important issue is how to effectively address tag collision, which occurs when multiple tags reply simultaneously to a reader, so that all the tags are correctly identified. However, most existing anti-collision protocols assume isotropic collisions where a reader cannot detect any of the tags from the collided signals. In practice, this assumption turns out to be too pessimistic since the capture effect may take place, in which the reader considers the strongest signal as a successful transmission and the others as interference. In this case, the reader disregards the other collided tags, and in turn, fails to read the tag(s) with weaker signal(s). In this paper, we propose a capture effect-aware anti-collision protocol, called Multi-Round collision Tree (MRCT) protocol, which efficiently identifies the tags in real RFID environments. MRCT deals with the capture effect as well as channel error by employing a multi-round based identification algorithm. We also analyze the performance of MRCT in terms of the number of slots required for identifying all tags. The simulation results show that MRCT significantly outperforms the existing protocol especially in a practical environment where the capture effect occurs.

关键词： anti-collision algorithm capture effect collision tree RFID tag identification

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Scalable Wi-Fi Backscatter Uplink Multiple Access for Battery-Free Internet of Things

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 30929-30945页

作者： Kwon, Jung-Hyok Zhang, Xue Kim, Eui-Jik Hallym Univ Sch Software Chunchon 24252 South Korea Shandong Univ Sci & Technol Coll Ocean Sci & Engn Qingdao 266590 Peoples R China

This paper presents a scalable uplink multiple access (SUMA) protocol for bistatic Wi-Fi backscatter systems, composed of a Wi-Fi reader, Wi-Fi helper, and multiple Wi-Fi backscatter tags. SUMA uses a Wi-Fi reader-initiated dynamic framed slotted ALOHA (DFSA)-based multiple access protocol to minimize collisions caused by simultaneous Wi-Fi backscatter uplink traffic from multiple Wi-Fi backscatter tags. In SUMA, the Wi-Fi helper first estimates the number of tags at the start of network operation and derives an appropriate slot-count parameter (i.e., Q), based on which the frame size is specified. Then, the Wi-Fi helper adaptively adjusts the value of Q to maximize network performance while continuously monitoring the number of remaining Wi-Fi backscatter tags to detect information. An experimental simulation was performed to verify the superiority of SUMA. The results demonstrated that SUMA obtained higher performance in terms of the number of collided and empty slots, delay, and throughput compared with the legacy DFSA approach adopted in the EPCglobal Class 1 Gen 2 standard.

关键词： anti-collision algorithm battery-free Internet of Things DFSA protocol multiple access bistatic Wi-Fi backscatter

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A RFID anti-collision approach for efficient query tree

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF TECHNOLOGIES-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2023年第1期13卷 21-36页

作者： Li, Gang Wang, Jingfang Hunan Int Econ Univ Changsha Peoples R China

In the radio frequency identification technology system, there are too many time slots which are caused by tag collision, and the communication complexity is high. On the basis of the anti-collision algorithm of the binary tree and the quadtree query tree, the methods of locking the collision bit and predicting the child node are used, a newlock-bit hybrid querytree (novel lock-bit hybrid query tree, NLHQT) algorithm is proposed. In the algorithm, the collision bit information is extracted through the lock instruction, and the extracted collision bit information is predicted. While reducing the collision time slot, the reader generates a new query prefix through prediction, thereby avoiding the generation of idle child nodes. Compared with the improved hybrid query tree (IHQT) anti-collision algorithm and the regression lock adaptive multi-tree search (RLAMS), the algorithm in this paper is more effective in reducing the total number of time slots and communication complexity, and the efficiency of identifying tags can be effectively improved.

关键词： Radio frequency identification (RFID) anti-collision algorithm query tree lock position prediction instruction

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A Dynamic Detection Point Frame Length Adjustment Method for RFID anti-collision 3rd

A Dynamic Detection Point Frame Length Adjustment Method for...

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3rd European-Alliance-for-Innovation (EAI) International Conference on IoT as a Service (IoTaaS)

作者： Feng, Xiaoning Wang, Zhuo Yan, Bijun Han, Guangjie Wang, Feng Song, Xue Harbin Engn Univ Coll Comp Sci & Technol Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Harbin Engn Univ Coll Shipbldg Engn Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Hohai Univ Dept Informat & Commun Syst Changzhou Peoples R China Changzhou Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Changzhou 213164 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030004101;9783030004095

The tag collision problem is an important issue that affects the efficiency of RFID system. A method of frame length adjustment based on dynamic detection points is proposed in this paper. The method calculates the size of the detection slot area in the frame according to the calculation of the sample size. And then it determines the location of the detection point in the frame. So, the detection point is dynamically adjusted with the length of the frame. Compared with the fixed detection point method, simulation results showed that the dynamic detection point method can adjust the frame length more accurately and improve the system throughput and speed the tag identification.

关键词： RFID anti-collision algorithm Frame length adjustment Detection point

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