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A SYSTEMATIC-APPROACH TO HOST interface DESIGN FOR HIGH-SPEED NETWORKS

COMPUTER 1994年第3期27卷 47-57页

作者： STEENKISTE, PA Sch. of Comput. Sci. Carnegie Mellon Univ. Pittsburgh PA

Optical fiber has made it possible to build networks with link speeds exceeding a gigabit per second;however, these networks are pushing end systems to their limits. For high-speed networks (100 Mbits per second and up), network throughput is typically limited by software overhead on the sending and receiving hosts. This article describes how software optimization and hardware support on the network adapter can reduce overhead and improve throughput. The author begins with a typical network interface and systematically adds software optimizations, such as buffered communication primitives and check-sum during copy, as well as hardware optimizations such as direct memory access, outboard packet buffering, and programmed I/O to increase through-put on high-speed networks. The architectural features and trade-offs presented in this article define a design space that should help system architects systematically evaluate design choices.

关键词： API application programming interface application-level latency communication overhead communication performance communication protocols computer communications software end-systems hardware support high-speed networks host interface design network adapter network interface hardware architecture network interfaces network throughput optical fiber performance considerations performance evaluation protocols software optimizations software overhead systematic approach

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Parallel Anisotropic Unstructured Grid Adaptation

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AIAA JOURNAL 2021年第11期59卷 4764-4776页

作者： Tsolakis, Christos Chrisochoides, Nikos Park, Michael A. Loseille, Adrien Michal, Todd Old Dominion Univ Ctr Real Time Comp Norfolk VA 23529 USA Old Dominion Univ Ctr Real Time Comp Comp Sci Norfolk VA 23529 USA NASA Langley Res Ctr Computat AeroSci Branch Hampton VA 23681 USA Paris Saclay Univ Natl Inst Res Comp Sci & Automat GAMMA3 Team Alan Turing Bldg F-91120 Palaiseau France Boeing Co St Louis MO 63166 USA

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become critical to the design and analysis of aerospace vehicles. Parallel grid adaptation that resolves multiple scales with anisotropy is identified as one of the challenges in the CFD Vision 2030 Study to increase the capacity and capability of CFD simulation. The study also cautions that computer architectures are undergoing a radical change, and dramatic increases in algorithm concurrency will be required to exploit full performance. This paper reviews four different methods to parallel anisotropic grid adaptation. They cover both ends of the spectrum: 1) using existing state-of-the-art software optimized for a single core and modifying it for parallel platforms, and 2) designing and implementing scalable software with incomplete but rapidly maturing functionality. A brief overview for each grid adaptation system is presented in the context of a telescopic approach for multilevel concurrency. These methods employ different approaches to enable parallel execution, which provides a unique opportunity to illustrate the relative behavior of each approach. Qualitative and quantitative metric evaluations are used to draw lessons for future developments in this critical area for parallel CFD simulation.

关键词： Unstructured Grid CFD Simulation Delta Wing High Performance Computing Data Structures Real Time Computing Histograms application programming interface External Flows Asynchronous Communications

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Modeling and Simulation Speed-Up of Plasma Actuators Implementing Reconfigurable Hardware

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AIAA JOURNAL 2018年第8期56卷 3035-3046页

作者： Ebrahimi, Abbas Zandsalimy, Mohammad Sharif Univ Technol Dept Aerosp Engn Tehran 111551639 Iran

The objective of the present study is to investigate the capability of field-programmable gate array hardware in numerical simulation of a model of a dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator to accelerate the calculations. The reconfigurable hardware is designed such that it is possible to reprogram its architecture after manufacturing. This provides the capability to design and implement various architectures for several applications. Two reconfigurable chips are used in the present study, one of which consists of a programmable logic unit and a typical microprocessor. This hybrid architecture makes the high performance of the reconfigurable hardware in custom computing and the efficiency of the microprocessor in data flow control accessible. An automated design procedure is used for the design of the reconfigurable hardware. Further, a finite difference representation of a phenomenological model of a plasma actuator is derived and implemented on the field-programmable gate array hardware. The results are validated against other numerical data, and the computational time is compared to different conventional processors. Using the reconfigurable hardware results in up to 96% computational time reduction compared to a recent Core i7 processor.

关键词： Plasma Actuator application Specific Integrated Circuits Numerical Simulation Dielectric Barrier Discharge High Performance Computing Systems Digital Computers Graphics Processing Unit Electric Potential application programming interface Discontinuous Galerkin Method

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An evaluation of the performance impact of generic group communication APIs

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International Journal of High Performance Systems Architecture 2009年第2期2卷 90-98页

作者： Sales, L. Teófilo, H. Mendonça, N.C. D'Orleans, J. Barbosa, R. Trinta, F. Mestrado em Informática Aplicada Universidade de Fortaleza Av. Washington Soares 1321 CEP 60811-905 Fortaleza- CE Brazil Center of Technological Sciences University of Fortaleza Brazil Department of Computer Science University of Fortaleza Brazil

This paper presents an evaluation of the performance impact of two generic group communication APIs, namely Hedera and jGCS, over three well-known group communication systems, namely JGroups, Spread and Appia. The evaluation compared the performance of different configurations of the three group communication systems in a local clustered environment, under different message and cluster sizes, both in standalone mode and when used as plug-ins for the two generic APIs. The results show that there are significant differences in the overhead imposed by each generic API with respect to the performance of the three group communication systems, when used in standalone mode, and that those differences are strongly related to variations in message and also to the way the generic APIs and their plug-in mechanisms are implemented. Based on those results, the paper discusses some of the circumstances upon which it would be worth implementing group communication using the investigated systems. Copyright © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： group communication performance evaluation generic APIs high performance systems architecture application programming interface

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Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics

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GENOME BIOLOGY 2004年第10期5卷 1-16页

作者： Gentleman, RC Carey, VJ Bates, DM Bolstad, B Dettling, M Dudoit, S Ellis, B Gautier, L Ge, YC Gentry, J Hornik, K Hothorn, T Huber, W Iacus, S Irizarry, R Leisch, F Li, C Maechler, M Rossini, AJ Sawitzki, G Smith, C Smyth, G Tierney, L Yang, JYH Zhang, JH Dana Farber Canc Inst Dept Biostat Sci Boston MA 02115 USA Brigham & Womens Hosp Channing Lab Boston MA 02115 USA Univ Wisconsin Dept Stat Madison WI 53706 USA Univ Calif Berkeley Div Biostat Berkeley CA 94720 USA ETH Zentrum Seminar Stat LEO C16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Harvard Univ Dept Stat Cambridge MA 02138 USA Tech Univ Denmark Ctr Biol Sequence Anal DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Mt Sinai Sch Med Dept Biomath Sci New York NY 10029 USA Vienna Univ Technol Inst Stat & Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie A-1040 Vienna Austria Univ Erlangen Nurnberg Inst Med Informat Biometrie & Epidemiol D-91054 Erlangen Germany Deutsch Krebsforschungszentrum Div Mol Genome Anal D-69120 Heidelberg Germany Univ Milan Dept Econ I-20123 Milan Italy Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Biostat Baltimore MD 21205 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Educ & Biomed Informat Seattle WA 98195 USA Inst Angew Math Stat Lab D-69120 Heidelberg Germany Scripps Res Inst Dept Mol Biol La Jolla CA 92037 USA Royal Melbourne Hosp Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res Div Genet & Bioinformat Parkville Vic 3050 Australia Univ Iowa Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci Iowa City IA 52242 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Ctr Bioinformat & Mol Biostat San Francisco CA 94143 USA

The Bioconductor project is an initiative for the collaborative creation of extensible software for computational biology and bioinformatics. The goals of the project include: fostering collaborative development and widespread use of innovative software, reducing barriers to entry into interdisciplinary scientific research, and promoting the achievement of remote reproducibility of research results. We describe details of our aims and methods, identify current challenges, compare Bioconductor to other open bioinformatics projects, and provide working examples.

关键词： Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia application programming interface Software Project Data Package Portable Document Format

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A future triple entry accounting framework using blockchain technology

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Blockchain(Research and applications) 2021年第4期2卷 56-63页

作者： Moinak Maiti Ivan Kotliarov Vitalii Lipatnikov Department of Finance National Research University-Higher School of EconomicsSaint Petersburg194100Russia Centre for Applied Research and Development National Research University Higher School of EconomicsSaint Petersburg194100Russia Saint Petersburg State University of Economics St Petersburg191023Russia

The study adopts a single case study approach to bring into conversation,ideas,and views of several scholars on triple entry accounting(TEA).The development of blockchain technology already drives the conscious move towards the *** TEA is currently not being used in any significant way but is in a greater debate whether it is worth adopting such alternative accounting practices as the *** to the TEA system is challenging and at present,it is just a fascinating mental *** these backdrops,the present study discusses the likelihood cases of future accounting practice namely:(Ⅰ)Sophisticated Accounting Software based on the double entry accounting(DEA);(Ⅱ)Combination of Blockchain and TEA;and(Ⅲ)Combination of disruptive technologies in addition to Blockchain and ***,the study concludes with describing the basic architecture of a potential system of triple-entry accounting that could support the TEA system to deliver real-time insights into business ***,the study plotted a hype cycle for accounting technologies to help global organizations identify the relevant accounting technologies and applications.

关键词： Double entry accounting Triple entry accounting application programming interface Edge computing Blockchain

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Enhanced FIWARE-Based Architecture for Cyberphysical Systems With Tiny Machine Learning and Machine Learning Operations: A Case Study on Urban Mobility Systems

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IT PROFESSIONAL 2024年第5期26卷 55-61页

作者： Conde, Javier Munoz-Arcentales, Andres Alonso, Alvaro Salvachua, Joaquin Huecas, Gabriel Univ Politecn Madrid Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Telecomun Dept Ingn Sistemas Telemat Madrid 28040 Spain

The rise of AI and the Internet of Things is accelerating the digital transformation of society. Mobility computing presents specific barriers due to its real-time requirements, decentralization, and connectivity through wireless networks. New research on edge computing and tiny machine learning (tinyML) explores the execution of AI models on low-performance devices to address these issues. However, there are not many studies proposing agnostic architectures that manage the entire lifecycle of intelligent cyberphysical systems. This article extends a previous architecture based on FIWARE software components to implement the machine learning operations flow, enabling the management of the entire tinyML lifecycle in cyberphysical systems. We also provide a use case to showcase how to implement the FIWARE architecture through a complete example of a smart traffic system. We conclude that the FIWARE ecosystem constitutes a real reference option for developing tinyML and edge computing in cyberphysical systems.

关键词： Tiny Machine Learning Wireless Networks Digital Transformation Ecosystems Computer Architecture Cyber Physical Systems Software Real Time Systems Internet Of Things Edge Computing Machine Learning Mobile System Cyber Physical Systems Machine Learning Operations Urban Mobility Systems Tiny Machine Learning Cloud Computing Internet Of Things Physical Body Wireless Networks Real Time Performance application programming interface Physical World Internet Of Things Devices Edge Computing Software Components Traffic System Digital Twin Deployment Model Cloud Processing ML Models Vehicle Density Data Model

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AN ELECTRONIC PRESCRIBING SYSTEM FOR TELECONSULTATION USING HEALTHCARE 5.0 INNOVATIONS

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FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY 2024年第9N10期32卷

作者： Al-anazi, Reema g. Singla, Chinu Alzaidi, Muhammad swaileh a. Alamgeer, Mohammad Asklany, Somia a. Taneja, Nivedita Almukadi, Wafa sulaiman Mohamed, Abdelmoneim ali Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Univ Coll Humanities & Social Sci Dept Arab Language & Literature POB 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia Punjabi Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Patiala Punjab India King Saud Univ Coll Language Sci Dept English Language POB 145111 Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Khalid Univ Appl Coll Mahayil Dept Informat Syst Abha Saudi Arabia Turaif Northern Border Univ Fac Sci & Arts Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol Ar Ar 91431 Saudi Arabia Modern Acad Sci & Technol Cairo Egypt Thapar Inst Engn & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Patiala India Univ Jeddah Coll Engn & Comp Sci Dept Software Engn Jeddah Saudi Arabia Majmaah Univ Coll Comp & Informat Sci Dept Informat Syst Al Majmaah 11952 Saudi Arabia

This study explores the integration of Industry 5.0 innovations into the healthcare sector to address prevalent issues related to prescription errors, drug side effects, and healthcare accessibility. It introduces a novel system that enables healthcare professionals to create prescriptions efficiently through voice commands and facilitates secure delivery to patients via email or SMS. Additionally, the research discusses the potential of digitizing the medical sector to reduce paper usage. By providing an accessible alternative to self-medication, this system aims to enhance patient safety and mitigate the risks associated with misconceptions regarding self-treatment. This paper seeks to introduce and assess an innovative fractal electronic prescription system that uses Healthcare 5.0 technologies within the framework of teleconsultation. It aims to tackle the constraints and drawbacks associated with conventional prescription approaches by putting forth cutting-edge technologies and telecommunication functionalities to elevate the effectiveness, precision, and patient-centric nature of the prescription procedure.

关键词： Natural Language Processing application programming interface Industry 5.0 Fractal Voice-based E-prescription Speech Recognition Google Web Speech

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Effects of end wall geometry and stacking on supersonic turbine performance

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JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER 2002年第6期18卷 1305-1308页

作者： Dorney, DJ Griffin, LW Huber, FW Sondak, DL NASA George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr Fluid Dynam Anal Branch Huntsville AL 35812 USA Riverbend Design Serv Palm Beach Gardens FL 33418 USA Boston Univ Off Informat Technol Boston MA 02215 USA

A set of unsteady 3D Navier-Stokes simulations was used to investigate the effects of end-wall shape and first-stage vane stacking on the performance of a two-stage supersonic turbine. Restacking of the vanes was successfully used to eliminate a large separated/secondary flow region at the hub between the first-stage vanes and rotors. Altering the shape of the end wall in the first stage had little effect on the separated flow region. There was a significant performance increase obtained at the design flow conditions by reducing the separated flow region. It is anticipated that the benefits of improving the behavior of the flow near the end wall will be even greater at off-design operating conditions. (CSA)

关键词： Supersonic Turbines Mach Number Ion Thruster Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Message Passing interface application programming interface Turbulence Models Static Pressure Propellant Eddy Viscosity

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Pair programming With Generative AI

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2024年第3期41卷 16-18页

作者： Spinellis, Diomidis Athens Univ Econ & Business Dept Management Sci & Technol Athens 10434 Greece Delft Univ Technol Software Analyt Dept Software Technol NL-2600 AA Delft Netherlands

Generative AI based on large-language models is significantly impacting software development through IDE assistants, cloud-based APIs, and interactive chatbots for coding assistance. It excels in generating and translating code and data, navigating APIs, and creating boilerplate content, thereby enhancing productivity. However, it is prone to generating inaccurate information ("hallucinations"), erroneous code, and potentially introducing security vulnerabilities. To counter these risks, employing automated analysis tools, conducting rigorous testing, and maintaining a deep understanding of computer science concepts are essential. While generative AI can substantially aid development tasks it is not a replacement for human expertise, especially in understanding complex software, its requirements, and architecture.

关键词： Generative Adversarial Networks Artificial Intelligence Codes Security Navigation Encoding Large Language Models Analytical Models Fake News Information Integrity Human Factors Chatbots Pair programming Software Development application programming interface Security Vulnerabilities Open Source Software Coded Based Static Analysis International Organization For Standardization Software Libraries Java Script

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