This paper is concerned with the mathematics and formal specification of "set-like" operations for the mixed dimension cellular geometric objects of the Djinn applicationprogramming Interface. The relations...
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This paper is concerned with the mathematics and formal specification of "set-like" operations for the mixed dimension cellular geometric objects of the Djinn applicationprogramming Interface. The relationships between these operations and stratifications of dimensionally heterogeneous semianalytic point-sets are uncovered and formalised. Semianalytic geometry is central to the algebraic model discussed in this paper, bur multi-disciplinary concepts from topology, differential geometry and computer-aided geometric design have been used also. In particular, the use of strong relative topological stratifications enables Djinn to satisfy significant industrial requirements. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
It was recently reported that strains of Streptococcus pyogenes are capable of inducing entry of the bacterium into epithelial cells;however, nothing is known regarding the gene(s) and the underlying mechanism(s) invo...
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It was recently reported that strains of Streptococcus pyogenes are capable of inducing entry of the bacterium into epithelial cells;however, nothing is known regarding the gene(s) and the underlying mechanism(s) involved, Using isogenic mutants of S. pyogenes JRS4 strain that are defective in the expression of each of the surface proteins F1 and M6, it was demonstrated that both are required for efficient internalization. Expression of F1 on the surface of a poorly invading S, pyogenes strain significantly enhances its internalization efficiency, Protein F1-mediated internalization is inhibited by UR, the nonrepetitive fibronectin-binding domain of this protein, and to a lesser extent, by the repetitive fibronectin-binding domain, RD2, Polyclonal anti-human fibronectin antibodies completely abolish F1-mediated internalization;increasing fibronectin concentrations result in a significant enhancement of bacterial uptake. The findings shown here suggest that protein F1 mediates streptococcal internalization and that the M6 protein is required for more efficient entry of the bacterium.
Access to affordable medications continues to be one of the most pressing issues for the treatment of disease in developing countries. For many drugs, synthesis of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) represents...
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Access to affordable medications continues to be one of the most pressing issues for the treatment of disease in developing countries. For many drugs, synthesis of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) represents the most financially important and technically demanding element of pharmaceutical operations. Furthermore, the environmental impact of API processing has been well documented and is an area of continuing interest in green chemical operations. To improve drug access and affordability, we have developed a series of core principles that can be applied to a specific API, yielding dramatic improvements in chemical efficiency. We applied these principles to nevirapine, the first non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV. The resulting ultra-efficient (91% isolated yield) and highly-consolidated (4 unit operations) route has been successfully developed and implemented through partnerships with philanthropic entities, increasing access to this essential medication. We anticipate an even broader global health impact when applying this model to other active ingredients.
Diazotrophic bacteria are important contributors to salt marsh productivity, but the biotic and abiotic factors that influence their distributions and function and the extent of their diversity cannot be understood in...
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Diazotrophic bacteria are important contributors to salt marsh productivity, but the biotic and abiotic factors that influence their distributions and function and the extent of their diversity cannot be understood in the absence of physiological information. Here we examine the physiological diversity and distribution patterns of diazotrophic bacteria associated with the rhizoplane of the saltmeadow cordgrass, Spartina patens, in comparison with diazotrophs from other intertidal grasses (tall and short form Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus) from the same salt marsh. S. patens plants were collected from two distinct habitats, and a total of 115 strains (111 Gram negative and 4 Gram positive strains) were isolated into pure culture by stab inoculating roots and rhizomes into combined nitrogen-free semisolid media. Most strains were microaerophilic and approximately one-half were motile. API test strips were used to eliminate redundancy within the culture collection, resulting in 21 physiologically different API groups (17 Gram negative and 4 Gram positive groups). A representative strain from each API group was selected for dot blot hybridization with a nifH specific probe and 16 strains (13 Gram negative and 3 Gram positive) were scored as positive. The nifH positive API group representative strains were characterized further using BIOLOG test plates. Substrate utilization potentials defined two S. patens strain clusters, and only one S. patens strain was physiologically similar to any other strain from a different host plant origin. No distinctions could be made based on the different S. patens habitats, suggesting that the host plant may have a greater impact than abiotic environmental conditions on the distributions of the rhizoplane diazotrophs recovered.
An experimental data handling system has been created as an update to the previous Nucleolar Proteome Database (NOPdb3.0: http://***/NOPdb3.0/). This updated system is able to manage large data sets identified by mult...
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An experimental data handling system has been created as an update to the previous Nucleolar Proteome Database (NOPdb3.0: http://***/NOPdb3.0/). This updated system is able to manage large data sets identified by multiple mass spectrometry and has been used to analyse highly purified preparations of human nucleoli from different cell lines. The newly created application includes a dynamic relational database, which is kept up to date by laboratory staff. The data are further annotated with information from specific external sources on the web, including the IPI and Gene Ontology databases. In addition, an applicationprogramming Interface provides external users with a portal to link into the nucleolar proteome database and hence, gain access to continually updated results. From the initial similar to 700 human proteins identified in the previous iteration of the NOPdb, we have now identified over 50 000 peptides contained in over 4500 human proteins from purified nucleoli, providing enhanced coverage of the nucleolar proteome.
Sixty-nine gram-positive endospore-forming rods were isolated from the liquid phase of an anaerobic digester, while treating a fatty acid-rich petrochemical effluent. These strains, including eight reference strains, ...
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Sixty-nine gram-positive endospore-forming rods were isolated from the liquid phase of an anaerobic digester, while treating a fatty acid-rich petrochemical effluent. These strains, including eight reference strains, were characterized and the similarities between the different strains were calculated using Sokal and Michener''s simple matching coefficient. Phenotypic characteristics, determined by the API 20E and API 50CHB galleries, other biochemical tests, and morphological characteristics, were used for the numerical analysis. The strains were grouped into 12 (five major and seven minor) clusters. Nine of the clusters were positively identified as Bacillus pumilus, B. subtilis, B. sphaericus, B. lateroporus, B. brevis, B. cereus, B. coagulans, B. megaterium, and B. circulans. Three clusters could not be identified using Gordon''s classical system or the API identification system. Most of the aerobic endospore-forming rods (72%) utilized both acetic and propionic acid, and 17% utilized acetic acid as carbon source, but only under aerobic conditions. A small percentage of the strains studied (11%) was unable to utilize the fatty acids present in the petrochemical substrate, and no explanation could be given as to how they obtained their carbon source. Seventy-eight percent of the strains did not show growth in anaerobic agar. It was possible that sufficient oxygen, required for growth by these members of the genus Bacillus, was introduced by the substrate. Since ample time had been allowed for population selection, their presence indicates that these aerobic strains can survive, grow, and compete in the digester environment but their relative importance and role in the primary digestion reactions is not clear.
Building Expert Systems is an attempt to capture the experience of people who are experts in a subject and incorporate it into computer programs. This task is based on finding out what they know and how they use their...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031341465;9783031341472
Building Expert Systems is an attempt to capture the experience of people who are experts in a subject and incorporate it into computer programs. This task is based on finding out what they know and how they use their knowledge to resolve problems. Law and legal reasoning is one of the new targets for Artificial Intelligence systems. This work is a continuation of previous work, where a prototype of Expert Systems called Experticia was designed and implemented by a public University of the Argentine Republic, aims to improve the resolution of judicial files, optimizing time and minimizing data loading errors. Experticia, in its first version, interacts with the Integral System of the Judicial Branch of the Province of Buenos Aires, in an asynchronous way. This article presents part of the work carried out within the framework of a research that aims to optimize the exchange of information between both systems. For this purpose, the use of application programming interfaces is proposed to synchronously access the information of the judicial files. First, the technologies used are described, then their specification and design, and finally, the implementation details and the tests performed are explained. The results indicate the feasibility of incorporating this technology in the new version of the Experticia.
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