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16th International Symposium on System-on-Chip (SoC)

作者： Virtanen, Janne Matilainen, Lauri Salminen, Erno Hamalainen, Timo D. Tampere Univ Technol Dept Pervas Comp FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479968909

This paper presents an implementation of Multicore Communications API (MCAPI), with focus on portability, stability, and simplicity of the design. The main motivation for the implementation is instability of other publicly available implementations. The developed implementation utilizes POSIX message queues, that is an easily portable interface and readily compatible with MCAPI. The performance was measured as latency and transfer rate of the API. The measurement platforms were a x86-64 PC and a development board featuring an ARM processor. A MCAPI implementation was used as reference for comparison. PMQ-MCAPI is much more stable and easily usable than other MCAPI implementations publicly available for PC. When transfer size was between 1-8 KiB, latency of transfers between cores was between 9-15 mu s and transfer rate 500-5000 MBps. This translates to 27 000-45 000 cycles and 0.16-1.67 bytes per cycle. CPU and especially performance of its cache were concluded as the most important factors contributing to the performance. In comparison to the reference, latency of the implementation was 1/8 at best, while transfer rate was up to 35x.

关键词： Unix application program interfaces cache storage multiprocessing systems ARM processor MCAPI implementation PMQ-MCAPI POSIX message queues cache performance development board multicore communication API portability portable interface publicly available implementations stability transfer rate transfer size x86-64 PC Message systems Topology combination rate application programming interfaces Computer based information systems Unix operating system Multiprocessing systems cache storage Portability topology AXIAL POWER INDICATOR API American Petroleum Institute Multi-core processors

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Can you trust your memory trace?: A comparison of memory traces from binary instrumentation and simulation 28

Can you trust your memory trace?: A comparison of memory tra...

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28th International Conference on VLSI Design (VLSID) / 14th International Conference on Embedded Systems

作者： Nilakantan, Siddharth Lerner, Scott Hempstead, Mark Taskin, Baris Drexel Univ Elect & Comp Engn Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479966585

Simulation is employed extensively to perform exploration of design spaces by computer designers. Contemporary simulation environments are now increasingly complex comprising of support for multiple cores and full operating systems. Resource use between simulation environments vary widely because of these different system contexts and the fact that multi-threaded applications have intrinsic non-determinism. In addition, more recent simulation environments use Dynamic Binary Instrumentation (DBI) traces collected on the system context (OS, library, threading API) of the host system. Methodologies that have been employed to validate and compare simulation frameworks are usually limited to comparing CPI and cache statistics and do not provide a detailed function-level breakdown or understanding of the source of mismatches. In this work, we attempt to identify and quantify the true sources of mismatch between a DBI framework and a full system simulation framework. We use memory traces of multi-threaded applications that have been annotated with function call information to allow for a breakdown of the source of mismatch within an application. To the best of our knowledge, this level of detail in comparison has not been attempted before, especially with traces of multi-threaded applications. In this study, we find that the sources of mismatch come mainly from threading mechanisms/threading API function calls, Library/System function calls and User Space condition synchronization. Based on the results of the study, we identify specific functions in each category of mismatch. We then propose a few ways to close the gap and enable more reliable simulation for design space exploration.

关键词： application program interfaces computerised instrumentation digital simulation multi-threading multiprocessing systems synchronisation API function call DBI dynamic binary instrumentation intrinsic nondeterminism memory trace multiple core system multithreaded application system simulation framework user space condition synchronization Benchmark testing Computational modeling Context Instruction sets Instruments Libraries Load modeling multi-threaded application Memory Trace application programming interfaces DBI gene Multithreading instruction sets computerised instrumentation Benchmark testing Multiprocessing systems Load modeling Digital simulation Computer Simulation Computational modeling simulating systems simulation

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Commits as a Basis for API Misuse Detection 7

Commits as a Basis for API Misuse Detection

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7th International Workshop on Software Mining (SoftMine)

作者： Nielebock, Sebastian Heumueller, Robert Ortmeier, Frank OvGU Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450359757

Programmers frequently make use of APIs. However, these usages can result in unintended, negative behavior, when developers are not aware of the correct usage or side effects of that API. Detecting those API misuses by means of automatic testing is challenging, as many test suites do not cover this unintended behavior. Instead, API usage patterns are used as specifications to verify the correctness of applications. However, to find meaningful patterns, i.e., those capable of fixing the misuse, the context of the misuse must be considered. Since the developer usually does not know which API is misused, a much larger code section has to be verified against many potential patterns. In this paper, we present a new idea to enhance API misuse detection by means of commits. We discuss the potential of using commits (1) to decrease the size of the code to be considered, (2) to identify suspicious commits, and (3) to contain API usages which can be used to shepherd API specification mining. This paper shows first results on the usability of commits for API misuse detection and some insights into what makes a commit suspicious in terms of exhibiting potential API misuses.

关键词： application programming interfaces Misuses Commits

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An Extension of Radio Network Information interfaces for Terminal Activity in a Cell 9

An Extension of Radio Network Information Interfaces for Ter...

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9th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)

作者： Pencheva, Evelina Atanasov, Ivaylo Tech Univ Sofia Fac Telecommun Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9781538636626

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) converges telecommunications and cloud technology at the Radio Access Network (RAN). Taking the advantages of telecom cloud MEC allows rapid content processing at the very edge of the mobile network, delivering real-time services. Third party applications located in RAN may access virtualized network functions through RESTful application programming interfaces (APIs). Radio Network Information APIs provide radio network related information to mobile edge applications and to mobile edge platforms. The paper proposes an extension of Radio Network Information APIs for access to information about terminal activity in a cell. The proposed APIs are described by information flows, data models and actual API definition. Aspects related to mobile edge application that use the proposed extension are discussed.

关键词： Multi-access Edge Computing Radio Resource Management User Equipment Context management Representational State Transfer Data model application programming interfaces

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Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) based Underwater Acoustic Localization Module (UALM) for AUV

Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) based Underwater Acou...

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2015 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)

作者： Vivek, Radhakrishnan Vadakkepat, Prahlad Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Singapore 117576 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983018

Underwater acoustic source localization is important during disaster-rescue missions ranging from rescuing survivors to recovering acoustically-tagged artifacts such as black box. Designing acoustic localization capabilities reliably and efficiently is challenging. Underwater acoustic localization module (UALM) utilizing multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is implemented on an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). A state-machine based application program interface (API) is utilized on the AUV operating on robot operating system (ROS). An array of four pre-calibrated hydrophones is utilized for geometry-dependent MUSIC computation. A modular localization approach improved UALM's responsiveness.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicles Multiple signal classification Underwater application programming interfaces Acoustics BLACK-BOX Position measurement

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Packet Data Session Management as a Service

Packet Data Session Management as a Service

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International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications (ISNCC)

作者： Pencheva, Evelina Atanasov, Ivaylo Vladislavov, Vladislav Trifonov, Ventsislav Tech Univ Sofia Fac Telecommun Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9781728112442

Service-oriented fifth generation (5G) core network is designed with the aim to support the diverse requirements of different use cases. Core network functions are defined as services accessible through application programming interfaces. In this paper, we propose an approach to design radio access network (RAN) functions as services based on the functions of Next Generation application Protocol (NGAP). The focus is on Packet Data Session Management procedures, where the management of session resources is exposed as a service. The Representational State Transfer (REST) style is followed. Service implementation is considered in terms of modeling the packet data session resource state as seen by the core network and RAN node. The models are formally described and it is proved that they expose equivalent behavior. The major advantage of the proposed approach among the others is that one can run many instances of services for given RAN function and thus to obtain scalability and availability.

关键词： session management service-oriented architectture application programming interfaces state models

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The problem of other minds in the Buddhist epistemological tradition

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JOURNAL OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY 2001年第4期29卷 465-483页

作者： Inami, M Tokyo Gakugei Univ Tokyo 1848501 Japan

According to him, the existence of other minds is inferred from the appearance of other persons speeches and actions. According to the Sautrantikas, the unfitness is for the following three reasons:71) We do not experience that our own minds produce other persons actions.2) The actions based on our minds are observed in our own bodies, not in the body of another person.3) If other persons actions were based on our minds, other persons actions would be experienced just like our own *** principle, Dharmakrti agrees with the Sautrantikas. [...]although the movement of the stone cast by us and the movement of another person shaken by us appear as separated from our own body, they are caused by our own intentions. [...]Dharmakrti concludes that whether the actions are separated from our own body or not is not a crucial factor in inferring other minds.92.4. [...]we can never perceive the fire of digestion (*** agni), which is substantially.a) from the fire regarded as the cause of smoke. [...]we cannot determine that a fire common even to the fire of digestion is the cause of smoke.

关键词： Other minds problem Mind Inference application programming interfaces Causality Existence Epistemology Buddhism Refutation Cognition

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CloudMan: A Platform for Portable Cloud Manufacturing Services 2

CloudMan: A Platform for Portable Cloud Manufacturing Servic...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data

作者： Qanbari, Soheil Zadeh, Samira Mahdi Vedaei, Soroush Dustdar, Schahram Vienna Univ Technol Distributed Syst Grp Vienna Austria Bahai Inst Higher Educ Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781479956661

Cloud manufacturing refers to "as a Service" production model that exploits an on-demand access to a distributed pool of diversified manufacturing services and resources. It forms elastic and reconfigurable production lines, which enhance efficiency, by allowing optimal resource allocation in response to demand changes and market dynamics. This paper studies these challenges and proposes a portable cloud manufacturing platform, entitled "CloudMan", aiming at achieving a portable deployment of cloud manufacturing services to any compliant distributed production line in the cloud. The stakeholders of CloudMan are detailed together with their API requirements, where each stakeholder has an interest in. Having this rigorous analysis in mind, we present a holistic architecture for CloudMan, as it considers the manufacturing data, material and event flow from sensors and shop floors, through services to end products. In architecting such platform, there is a lack of agreed standard for the portability and orchestration of manufacturing services, as well as their definition. The proposed platform incorporates OASIS Topology and Orchestration Specification for cloud applications (TOSCA) policies, plans and templates as a mechanism for dynamic configuration, portability and deployment of manufacturing services across multiple collaborating manufacturers. Thereby, the architecture provides a set of abstraction levels for various types of manufacturing services in which encapsulates and addresses specific requirements to satisfy the needs of stakeholders.

关键词： application program interfaces cloud computing manufacturing data processing resource allocation sensors API requirements CloudMan OASIS TOSCA policies distributed production line elastic production lines market dynamics on-demand access optimal resource allocation portable cloud manufacturing services reconfigurable production lines topology-and-orchestration specification-for-cloud application policies Bills of materials Cloud computing Manufacturing Materials Standards Topology Cloud Computing Resource utilization application programming interfaces Sensors Oases topology Legal Services manufacturing Clouds CLOUDS bills of materials

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Affective dependencies (An analysis of affective contexts as nonveridical)

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LINGUISTICS AND PHILOSOPHY 1999年第4期22卷 367-421页

作者： Giannakidou, A Univ Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

Limited distribution phenomena related to negation and negative polarity are usually thought of in terms of affectivity where affective is understood as negative or downward entailing. In this paper I propose an analysis of affective contexts as nonveridical and treat negative polarity as a manifestation of the more general phenomenon of sensitivity to (non)veridicality (which is, I argue, what affective dependencies boil down to). Empirical support for this analysis will be provided by a detailed examination of affective dependencies in Greek, but the distribution of any will also be shown to follow from (non)veridicality.

关键词： application programming interfaces Verbs Implicature Semantics Rhetorical questions Subjunctive mood Contrafactuals Inference Relative clauses

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fAST: Flattening Abstract Syntax Trees for Efficiency 19

fAST: Flattening Abstract Syntax Trees for Efficiency

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IEEE/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering - Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP)

作者： Yu, Yijun Open Univ Sch Comp & Commun Milton Keynes Bucks England

ISBN: (纸本)9781728117645

Frequently source code analysis tools need to exchange internal representations of abstract syntax trees (AST) with each other. Conveniently, and intuitively, the externalised representations are in the form of hierarchical trees. We argue, counter-intuitively, that hierarchical representation is not the most efficient way for source analysis tools to exchange parsed AST. In this work, we propose to speed up AST parsing whilst preserving the equivalence of hierarchies in binary forms: (1) AST could be saved as a flat one-dimensional array where pointers to tree nodes are converted into integer offsets, and (2) such flattened AST are more efficient to access by programming tools through the generated application programming interfaces (API). In programming language-agnostic evaluations, we show that parsing flattened AST becomes 100x faster than in textual form AST on a benchmark of open-source projects of 6 different programming languages.

关键词： application program interfaces program compilers program diagnostics programming languages source code (software) trees (mathematics) application programming interfaces analysis programme compilers Computer programming Languages AST tree nodes Internal representations syntax open source

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