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COMPUTER 2025年第1期58卷 12-15页

作者： Neuhold, Erich Univ Vienna Vienna Austria

Summaries of articles presented in this issue of the publication.

关键词： Operating System application programming interface System Database Software Engineering Rollback Simulated Networks Recovery Strategies Interesting Article Internet Protocol Checkpointing Telephone Directory

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GPT-4/4V's performance on the Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination

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MEDICAL TEACHER 2025年第3期47卷 450-457页

作者： Kawahara, Tomoki Sumi, Yuki Tokyo Med & Dent Univ TMDU Dept Clin Informat Appl Sci 1-5-45 YushimaBunkyo ku Tokyo 1138510 Japan

BackgroundRecent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are changing the medical world, and AI will likely replace many of the actions performed by medical professionals. The overall clinical ability of the AI has been evaluated by its ability to answer a text-based national medical examination. This study uniquely assesses the performance of Open AI's ChatGPT against all Japanese National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE), including images, illustrations, and *** obtained the questions of the past six years of the NMLE (112th to 117th) from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare website. We converted them to JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format. We created an application programming interface (API) to output correct answers using GPT-4 for questions without images and GPT4-V(ision) or GPT4 console for questions with *** percentage of image questions was 723/2400 (30.1%) over the past six years. In all years, GPT-4/4V exceeded the minimum score the examinee should score. In total, over the six years, the percentage of correct answers for basic medical knowledge questions was 665/905 (73.5%);for clinical knowledge questions, 1143/1531 (74.7%);and for image questions 497/723 (68.7%), *** medical knowledge, GPT-4/4V met the minimum criteria regardless of whether the questions included images, illustrations, and pictures. Our study sheds light on the potential utility of AI in medical education.

关键词： Large language model application programming interface generative pretrained transformer medical licensing examination

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Modernizing a Security Alarm System

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2025年第3期42卷 18-21页

作者： Spinellis, Diomidis Athens Univ Econ & Business Dept Management Sci & Technol Athens 10434 Greece Delft Univ Technol Dept Software Technol Software analyt NL-2600 AA Delft Netherlands IEEE Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

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application programming interfaces in Health Care: Findings from a Current-State Sociotechnical Assessment

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APPLIED CLINICAL INFORMATICS 2020年第1期11卷 59-69页

作者： Dullabh, Prashila Hovey, Lauren Heaney-Huls, Krysta Rajendran, Nithya Wright, Adam Sittig, Dean F. Univ Chicago NORC 55 East Monroe St30th Floor Chicago IL 60603 USA Vanderbilt Univ Med Ctr Dept Biomed Informat 221 Kirkland Hall Nashville TN 37235 USA Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston Sch Biomed Informat Houston TX 77030 USA

Objective Interest in application programming interfaces (APIs) is increasing as key stakeholders look for technical solutions to interoperability challenges. We explored three thematic areas to assess the current state of API use for data access and exchange in health care: (1) API use cases and standards;(2) challenges and facilitators for read and write capabilities;and (3) outlook for development of write capabilities. Methods We employed four methods: (1) literature review;(2) expert interviews with 13 API stakeholders;(3) review of electronic health record (EHR) app galleries;and (4) a technical expert panel. We used an eight-dimension sociotechnical model to organize our findings. Results The API ecosystem is complicated and cuts across five of the eight sociotechnical model dimensions: (1) app marketplaces support a range of use cases, the majority of which target providers' needs, with far fewer supporting patient access to data;(2) current focus on read APIs with limited use of write APIs;(3) where standards are used, they are largely Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR);(4) FHIR-based APIs support exchange of electronic health information within the common clinical data set;and (5) validating external data and data sources for clinical decision making creates challenges to provider workflows. Conclusion While the use of APIs in health care is increasing rapidly, it is still in the pilot stages. We identified five key issues with implications for the continued advancement of API use: (1) a robust normative FHIR standard;(2) expansion of the common clinical data set to other data elements;(3) enhanced support for write implementation;(4) data provenance rules;and (5) data governance rules. Thus, while APIs are being touted as a solution to interoperability challenges, they remain an emerging technology that is only one piece of a multipronged approach to data access and use.

关键词： application programming interface Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources electronic health records interoperability medical devices

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The Ethical Engineers Dilemma: An Interview With Jim Herbsleb

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2025年第2期42卷 103-106页

作者： Johnson, Brittany Menzies, Tim George Mason Univ Fairfax VA 22030 USA North Carolina State Univ Raleigh NC 27606 USA

Presents a panel discussion on the topic of “The Ethical Engineer’s Dilemma”.

关键词： Ethics Interviews Professional Aspects Engineering Profession Ethical Concern Ethical Action Open Source Open Source Software Gender Diversity application programming interface Ethical Practice Kinds Of Solutions Deepfake Hackathon

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PathwayPilot: A User-Friendly Tool for Visualizing and Navigating Metabolic Pathways

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MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS 2025年第3期24卷 100918页

作者： Vande Moortele, Tibo Verschaffelt, Pieter Huang, Qingyao Doncheva, Nadezhda T. Holstein, Tanja Jachmann, Caroline Dawyndt, Peter Martens, Lennart Mesuere, Bart van den Bossche, Tim Univ Ghent Dept Math Comp Sci & Stat Ghent Belgium VIB VIB UGent Ctr Med Biotechnol Ghent Belgium Univ Ghent Fac Med & Hlth Sci Dept Biomol Med Ghent Belgium Swiss Inst Bioinformat Bioinformat Syst Biol Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Dept Mol Life Sci Zurich Switzerland Univ Copenhagen Novo Nordisk Fdn Ctr Prot Res Copenhagen Denmark

Metaproteomics, the study of collective proteomes in environmental communities, plays a crucial role in understanding microbial functionalities affecting ecosystems and human health. Pathway analysis offers structured insights into the biochemical processes within these communities. However, no existing tool effectively combines pathway analysis with peptide- or protein-level data. We here introduce PathwayPilot, a web-based application designed to improve metaproteomic data analysis by integrating pathway analysis with peptide- and protein-level data, filling a critical gap in current metaproteomics bioinformatics tools. By allowing users to compare functional annotations across different samples or multiple organisms within a sample, PathwayPilot provides valuable insights into microbial functions. In the re-analysis of a study examining the effects of caloric restriction on gut microbiota, the tool successfully identified shifts in enzyme expressions linked to short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, aligning with its original findings. PathwayPilot's user-friendly interface and robust capabilities make it a significant advancement in metaproteomics, with the potential for widespread application in microbial ecology and health sciences. All code is open source under the Apache2 license and is available at https://***.

关键词： Meta-omics metaproteomics pathways visualization bioinformatics software AL Ad Libitum API application programming interface CR Caloric Restriction CSV Comma Separated Values EC Enzyme Commission GO Gene Ontology KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes LCA Lowest Common Ancestor MS/MS Tandem Mass Spectrometry SVG Scalable Vector Graphics

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Dynamic Crop Recommendation Systems Using Reinforcement Learning and Real-Time Sensor Data

Dynamic Crop Recommendation Systems Using Reinforcement Lear...

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3rd International Conference on Advancements in Smart Computing and Information Security, ASCIS 2024

作者： Bala Kamatchi, C. Muthukumaravel, A. Department of Computer Applications Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER) Chennai India Faculty of Arts and Science Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER) Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031862892

This research is a dynamic crop recommendation system based on sensor technology and reinforcement real-time data learning boost. It comes in precision agriculture and needed to come up with solutions that answer the questions of sustainability, yield-boosting policies and resources efficiently. If sustainable development is to happen then in this method a new concept of reinforcement learning based on the Agricultural Research Institute’s large-sized dataset, as well as sensors for soil moisture, temperature and acidity levels, is applied. The system uses real-time data to iteratively optimize its recommendations, to make the best crop selections as well as field management techniques. Results reveal the fruitful yield under a variety of field conditions for crop recommendations had an accuracy rate of 90%. Quite large increases in yield were also achieved, for some species yielding 30% more than when using conventional methods. Moreover, the suggested approach realized a 23% yield gain over the former year’s practices. These results show actual environmental improvement along with an increase in agricultural productivity. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： application programming interface Deep Q-Network Information and Communication Technology Markov Decision Process Reinforcement Learning

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A national survey of digital health company experiences with electronic health record application programming interfaces

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION 2024年第4期31卷 866-874页

作者： Barker, Wesley Maisel, Natalya Strawley, Catherine E. Israelit, Grace K. Adler-Milstein, Julia Rosner, Benjamin US Dept HHS Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol Washington 20201 DC USA Univ Calif San Francisco Div Clin Informat & Digital Transformat Dept Med San Francisco 94143 CA USA US Dept HHS Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol 330 C St SW7th Floor Washington DC 20201 USA

Objectives This study sought to capture current digital health company experiences integrating with electronic health records (EHRs), given new federally regulated standards-based application programming interface (API) *** and methods We developed and fielded a survey among companies that develop solutions enabling human interaction with an EHR API. The survey was developed by the University of California San Francisco in collaboration with the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, the California Health Care Foundation, and ScaleHealth. The instrument contained questions pertaining to experiences with API integrations, barriers faced during API integrations, and API-relevant policy *** About 73% of companies reported current or previous use of a standards-based EHR API in production. About 57% of respondents indicated using both standards-based and proprietary APIs to integrate with an EHR, and 24% worked about equally with both APIs. Most companies reported use of the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources standard. Companies reported that standards-based APIs required on average less burden than proprietary APIs to establish and maintain. However, companies face barriers to adopting standards-based APIs, including high fees, lack of realistic clinical testing data, and lack of data elements of interest or *** The industry is moving toward the use of standardized APIs to streamline data exchange, with a majority of digital health companies using standards-based APIs to integrate with EHRs. However, barriers *** A large portion of digital health companies use standards-based APIs to interoperate with EHRs. Continuing to improve the resources for digital health companies to find, test, connect, and use these APIs "without special effort" will be crucial to ensure future technology robustness and durability.

关键词： electronic health record application programming interface digital health industry

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Implementation of a scalable, web-based, automated clinical decision support risk-prediction tool for chronic kidney disease using C-CDA and application programming interfaces

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION 2017年第6期24卷 1111-1115页

作者： Samal, Lipika D'Amore, John D. Bates, David W. Wright, Adam Brigham & Womens Hosp Div Gen Internal Med & Primary Care Boston MA USA Harvard Med Sch Boston MA USA Diameter Hlth Inc Newton MA USA Boston Univ Boston MA 02215 USA Partners HealthCare Syst Boston MA USA

Clinical decision support tools for risk prediction are readily available, but typically require workflow interruptions and manual data entry so are rarely used. Due to new data interoperability standards for electronic health records (EHRs), other options are available. As a clinical case study, we sought to build a scalable, web-based system that would automate calculation of kidney failure risk and display clinical decision support to users in primary care practices. We developed a single-page application, web server, database, and application programming interface to calculate and display kidney failure risk. Data were extracted from the EHR using the Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture interoperability standard for Continuity of Care Documents (CCDs). EHR users were presented with a noninterruptive alert on the patient's summary screen and a hyperlink to details and recommendations provided through a web application. Clinic schedules and CCDs were retrieved using existing application programming interfaces to the EHR, and we provided a clinical decision support hyperlink to the EHR as a service. We debugged a series of terminology and technical issues. The application was validated with data from 255 patients and subsequently deployed to 10 primary care clinics where, over the course of 1 year, 569 533 CCD documents were processed. We validated the use of interoperable documents and open-source components to develop a low-cost tool for automated clinical decision support. Since Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture-based data extraction extends to any certified EHR, this demonstrates a successful modular approach to clinical decision support.

关键词： interoperability chronic disease HL7 consolidated clinical document architecture application programming interface clinical decision support

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State of the Practice in application programming interfaces (APIs): A Case Study 15th

State of the Practice in Application Programming Interfaces ...

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15th European Conference on Software Architecture (ECSA)

作者： Raatikainen, Mikko Kettunen, Elina Salonen, Ari Komssi, Marko Mikkonen, Tommi Lehtonen, Timo Univ Helsinki Helsinki Finland Digia Plc Turku Finland F Secure Plc Helsinki Finland Solita Ltd Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9783030860448;9783030860431

application programming interfaces (APIs) have become prevalent in today's software systems and services. APIs are basically a technical means to realize the co-operation between software systems or services. While there are several guidelines for API development, the actually applied practices and challenges are less clear. To better understand the state of the practice of API development and management in the industry, we conducted a descriptive case study in four Finnish software companies: two consultancy companies developing software for their customers, and two companies developing their software products. As a result, we identified five different usage scenarios for APIs and emphasize that diversity of usage should be taken into account more explicitly especially in research. API development and technical management are well supported by the existing tools and technologies especially available from the cloud technology. This leaves as the main challenge the selection of the right technology from the existing technology stack. Documentation and usability are practical issues to be considered and often less rigorously addressed. However, understanding what kind of API management model to apply for the business context appears as the major challenge. We also suggest considering APIs more clearly a separate concern in the product management with specific practices, such as API roadmapping.

关键词： Software engineering application programming interface API API management API management Case study

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