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A Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning-Based Streaming Spam Tweets Detection

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SYSTEMS 2015年第3期2卷 65-76页

作者： Chen, Chao Zhang, Jun Xie, Yi Xiang, Yang Zhou, Wanlei Hassan, Mohammad Mehedi AlElaiwi, Abdulhameed Alrubaian, Majed Deakin Univ Sch Informat Technol Melbourne Vic 3125 Australia Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Guangzhou 510000 Guangdong Peoples R China King Saud Univ Coll Comp & Informat Sci Riyadh 12372 Saudi Arabia

The popularity of Twitter attracts more and more spammers. Spammers send unwanted tweets to Twitter users to promote websites or services, which are harmful to normal users. In order to stop spammers, researchers have proposed a number of mechanisms. The focus of recent works is on the application of machine learning techniques into Twitter spam detection. However, tweets are retrieved in a streaming way, and Twitter provides the Streaming API for developers and researchers to access public tweets in real time. There lacks a performance evaluation of existing machine learning-based streaming spam detection methods. In this paper, we bridged the gap by carrying out a performance evaluation, which was from three different aspects of data, feature, and model. A big ground-truth of over 600 million public tweets was created by using a commercial URL-based security tool. For real-time spam detection, we further extracted 12 lightweight features for tweet representation. Spam detection was then transformed to a binary classification problem in the feature space and can be solved by conventional machine learning algorithms. We evaluated the impact of different factors to the spam detection performance, which included spam to nonspam ratio, feature discretization, training data size, data sampling, time-related data, and machine learning algorithms. The results show the streaming spam tweet detection is still a big challenge and a robust detection technique should take into account the three aspects of data, feature, and model.

关键词： Twitter Feature extraction Machine learning algorithms Uniform resource locators Performance evaluation Real-time systems application programming interfaces

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When to Use Standards-Based APIs (Part 1)

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IEEE CLOUD COMPUTING 2015年第5期2卷 76-80页

作者： Sill, Alan Texas Tech Univ Ctr High Performance Comp Lubbock TX 79409 USA

This column completes a two-part exploration into features of application programming interfaces (APIs) that are useful in clouds. The discussion contrasts APIs with other types of interfaces and describes variations on protocols and calling methods, giving examples from physical hardware control to illustrate important features of cloud API design.

关键词： application Program interfaces Cloud Computing Standards Based API Data Access Pattern Local User Driven Method Cloud Based Tools application Programmer Interface API Design API Concept Cloud Computing programming application programming interfaces Context Modeling Technological Innovation Design Methodology Cloud Standards programming Data Access API Design

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Hustle and Brand: The Sociotechnical Shaping of Influence

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SOCIAL MEDIA + SOCIETY 2016年第3期2卷

作者： Carter, Daniel Univ Texas Austin Sch Informat 1616 Guadalupe Suite 5-202 Austin TX 78701 USA

While social media platforms are often assumed to be sites of speaking, they are also important sites of knowing, where businesses use content produced by individuals in order to understand markets and make predictions and where individuals understand their own position and importance. This article considers social knowledge production in the context of influencer marketing, a growing industry in which social media users are ranked according to measures of influence and compensated for promoting products online. Working from industry press, technical documentation and interviews with tool developers, marketing professionals, and social media users, it traces the sociotechnical shaping of influence, moving from computer scientists' optimal solutions through technical constraints and business needs to the practices of marketing professionals and individual users. In doing so, it identifies two conceptions of influence. The first is connected to celebrities and practices of branding, while the second, more novel conception is associated with less prominent social media users who make themselves and their willingness to work visible to marketers through practices I describe as hustling. While social influence is conventionally conceptualized in relation to extensive, naturally occurring networks of individuals, in this context it is evaluated in relation to much simpler networks that bring together users who may never interact directly. In this context, users understand and manipulate their influence by positioning their followers (branding) and by explicitly affiliating themselves with non-human entities such as brands and topical hashtags (hustling).

关键词： social media platforms social influence analytics application programming interfaces platform studies

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EAGER: Deployment-time API Governance for Modern PaaS Clouds

EAGER: Deployment-time API Governance for Modern PaaS Clouds

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2015 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering

作者： Jayathilaka, Hiranya Krintz, Chandra Wolski, Rich Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Comp Sci Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982189

To track, control, and compel reuse of web APIs, we investigate a new approach to API governance - combined policy, implementation, and deployment control of web APIs. Our approach, called EAGER, provides a software architecture that integrates into PaaS platforms to support systemwide, deployment-time enforcement of governance policies. Specifically, EAGER checks for and prevents backward incompatible API changes from being deployed into production PaaS clouds, enforces service reuse, and facilitates enforcement of other best practices in software maintenance via policies. Our experiments with an EAGER prototype show that enforcing API governance at deployment-time in PaaS clouds is efficient and scalable to thousands of APIs and policies.

关键词： application programming interfaces AXIAL POWER INDICATOR API American Petroleum Institute Policies Software architecture Clouds enforcement Software maintenance Best Practices Apis Scalability policy implementation Reuse reuse

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Re-evaluating Network Onload vs. Offload for the Many-Core Era

Re-evaluating Network Onload vs. Offload for the Many-Core E...

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IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER)

作者： Dosanjh, Matthew G. F. Grant, Ryan E. Bridges, Patrick G. Brightwell, Ron Univ New Mexico Dept Comp Sci Scalable Syst Lab Albuquerque NM 87131 USA Sandia Natl Labs Ctr Res Comp Albuquerque NM 87185 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467365987

This paper explores the trade-offs between on loaded versus offloaded network stack processing for systems with varying CPU frequencies. This study explores the differences of onload and offload using experiments run at different DVFS settings to change the frequency, while measuring performance and power. This allows for a quantitative comparison of the the performance and power and trade-offs between onload and offload cards, with a wide range of CPU performances. The results show that there is often a significant performance increase in using offloaded cards especially at lower CPU frequencies, with only a small increase in power usage. This study also uses MPI profiling to analyze why some applications see a larger benefit than others. This paper's contributions are an analytical, quantitative analysis of the trade-offs between onload and offload. While there has been debate to this question, this is the first, to the authors' knowledge, analytical evaluation of the performance difference. The range of frequencies analyzed give insight on how this MPI might perform on different architectures, such as the low frequency, many-core CPUs. Finally, the power measurements allow for the study to provide further depth in the analysis.

关键词： application program interfaces message passing multiprocessing systems power aware computing CPU frequency DVFS MPI profiling many-core era network offload re-evaluation network onload re-evaluation offload cards offloaded network stack processing onload cards Bandwidth Benchmark testing Hardware Market research Protocols Runtime Throughput power aware computing message passing application programming interfaces Benchmark testing Multiprocessing systems market research UNLOADING Runtime Computer hardware Throughput Bandwidth protocols central processing units

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An Observational Study on API Usage Constraints and Their Documentation 22

An Observational Study on API Usage Constraints and Their Do...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution, and Reengineering (SANER)

作者： Saied, Mohamed Aymen Sahraoui, Houari Dufour, Bruno Univ Montreal DIRO Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781479984695

Nowadays, APIs represent the most common reuse form when developing software. However, the reuse benefits depend greatly on the ability of client application developers to use correctly the APIs. In this paper, we present an observational study on the API usage constraints and their documentation. To conduct the study on a large number of APIs, we implemented and validated strategies to automatically detect four types of usage constraints in existing APIs. We observed that some of the constraint types are frequent and that for three types, they are not documented in general. Surprisingly, the absence of documentation is, in general, specific to the constraints and not due to the non documenting habits of developers.

关键词： Documentation Observational Study Client application Apis Developers application programming interfaces AXIAL POWER INDICATOR API American Petroleum Institute Constraint DEVELOPERS

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Ambient Flow: A Visual Approach for Remixing the Internet of Things 5

Ambient Flow: A Visual Approach for Remixing the Internet of...

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5th International Conference on the Internet of Things (IOT)

作者： Carlson, Darren Moegerle, Matthias Pagel, Max Verma, Shivam Rosenblum, David S. Natl Univ Singapore Felicitous Comp Inst Singapore 117548 Singapore Univ Stuttgart Inst Visualizat & Interact Syst Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467380584

The number of networked "smart devices" available in everyday environments is rapidly increasing;however, most adopt mutually incompatible networks, protocols, and application programming interfaces. In previous work, we introduced a variety of adaptive middleware techniques that enables a user's commodity mobile device (e.g., a smartphone) to serve as an adaptive gateway between mutually incompatible devices -providing service adaptation and protocol translation services through plug-ins that can be installed on-the-fly. In this paper, we present a complementary set of novel smart space design tools, which enable non-programmers to visually "remix" their ambient environments in new, playful and potentially unforeseen ways using an intuitive flow-graph model. Visual designs can be sent over the network to the user's mobile device, which instantiates them during runtime. This paper presents a detailed overview of the approach, introduces our fully functional prototype, and presents a user study that provides encouraging first results.

关键词： Context Internet of things Libraries Logic gates Protocols Robot sensing systems Internet of things Manipulator sensing systems Logic gates protocols Libraries remixing visual approach PLUG-IN ambient environment application programming interfaces Smartphone Thing

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Peer-to-Peer between Browsers: Cyclon Protocol over WebRTC

Peer-to-Peer between Browsers: Cyclon Protocol over WebRTC

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IEEE International Conference on Peer to Peer Computing (P2P)

作者： Tindall, Nick Harwood, Aaron Univ Melbourne Dept Comp & Informat Syst Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509003006

The web application paradigm has become a dominant choice due to the ubiquity of web browsers across PCs and mobile devices, and the layer of abstraction that they provide. However, browsers have traditionally communicated only with servers, never from one browser to another. The WebRTC API overcomes this limitation, providing further avenues for the web application paradigm to evolve. In this paper we present Cyclon.p2p an implementation of the Cyclon peer sampling protocol using the WebRTC API. We provide a detailed overview of our system, and conduct a thorough evaluation of the implementation in real-world and simulated experiments. Our results strongly suggest that our implementation is feasible for large scale deployment in real world Web applications.

关键词： Internet application program interfaces peer-to-peer computing Cyclon peer sampling protocol Web application paradigm WebRTC API application program interface Browsers Peer-to-peer computing Protocols Robustness Servers Standards WebRTC Peer to peer computing application programming interfaces Browsers WebRTC Servers protocols peer to peer Internets web applications

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Discovering Likely Mappings between APIs using Text Mining 15

Discovering Likely Mappings between APIs using Text Mining

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15th IEEE International Working Conference on Source Code Analysis and Manipulation (SCAM)

作者： Pandita, Rahul Jetley, Raoul Praful Sudarsan, Sithu D. Williams, Laurie N Carolina State Univ Raleigh NC 27695 USA ABB Corp Res New Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467375290

Developers often release different versions of their applications to support various platform/programming-language application programming interfaces (APIs). To migrate an application written using one API (source) to another API (target), a developer must know how the methods in the source API map to the methods in the target API. Given a typical platform or language exposes a large number of API methods, manually writing API mappings is prohibitively resource-intensive and may be error prone. Recently, researchers proposed to automate the mapping process by mining API mappings from existing code-bases. However, these approaches require as input a manually ported (or at least functionally similar) code across source and target APIs. To address the shortcoming, this paper proposes TMAP: Text Mining based approach to discover likely API mappings using the similarity in the textual description of the source and target API documents. To evaluate our approach, we used TMAP to discover API mappings for 15 classes across: 1) Java and C# API, and 2) Java ME and Android API. We compared the discovered mappings with state-of-the-art source code analysis based approaches: Rosetta and StaMiner. Our results indicate that TMAP on average found relevant mappings for 57% more methods compared to previous approaches. Furthermore, our results also indicate that TMAP on average found exact mappings for 6.5 more methods per class with a maximum of 21 additional exact mappings for a single class as compared to previous approaches.

关键词： Java application program interfaces data mining text analysis API document API method TMAP application programming interface source code source code analysis text mining Androids Humanoid robots Indexing Software Text mining application programming interfaces CKAP2 gene text mining Java Java programming language Source code Androids API AXIAL POWER INDICATOR American Petroleum Institute Androids MAPPING(MATHEMATICAL) Humanoid robots text processing data mining

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Smart: A MapReduce-Like Framework for In-Situ Scientific Analytics 15

Smart: A MapReduce-Like Framework for In-Situ Scientific Ana...

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International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC)

作者： Wang, Yi Agrawal, Gagan Bicer, Tekin Jiang, Wei Ohio State Univ Comp Sci & Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA Argonne Natl Lab Math & Comp Sci Div Lemont IL 60439 USA Quantcast Corp San Francisco CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450337236

In-situ analytics has lately been shown to be an effective approach to reduce both I/O and storage costs for scientific analytics. Developing an efficient in-situ implementation, however, involves many challenges, including parallelization, data movement or sharing, and resource allocation. Based on the premise that Map Reduce can be an appropriate API for specifying scientific analytics applications, we present a novel MapReduce-like framework that supports efficient in-situ scientific analytics, and address several challenges that arise in applying the MapReduce idea for in-situ processing. Specifically, our implementation can load simulated data directly from distributed memory, and it uses a modified API that helps meet the strict memory constraints of in-situ analytics. The framework is designed so that analytics can be launched from the parallel code region of a simulation program. We have developed both time sharing and space sharing modes for maximizing the performance in different scenarios, with the former even avoiding any copying of data from simulation to the analytics program. We demonstrate the functionality, efficiency, and scalability of our system, by using different simulation and analytics programs, executed on clusters with multi-core and many-core nodes.

关键词： MapReduce-Like Framework Situ Scientific Analytics many-core nodes Frameworks time sharing simulating distributed memory IO PREMISES application programming interfaces AXIAL POWER INDICATOR API American Petroleum Institute Scalability Resource utilization space-sharing

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