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25th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC)

作者： Bi, Tingting Liang, Peng Tang, Antony Wuhan Univ Sch Comp Sci Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Swinburne Univ Technol Fac Sci Engn & Technol Melbourne Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728119700

The use of architecture and design patterns have impacts on the quality attributes of a system, and the application of patterns depend on design contexts. There are complex interdependent relationships between them. In this study, we explore how developers use architecture and design patterns with respect to quality attributes concerns and design contexts. We extracted pattern related posts from Stack Overflow and analyzed the architecture discussions. Our study reveals what contexts and quality attributes developers consider when using architecture patterns, and we have identified new and previously unknown relationships between these design elements. These findings can enhance developers' knowledge when they design with architecture patterns, quality attributes, and design contexts.

关键词： architecture pattern Design Context Quality Attribute Empirical Study

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How Much Blockchain Do You Need? Towards a Concept for Building Hybrid DApp architectures 1

How Much Blockchain Do You Need? Towards a Concept for Build...

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1st ACM/IEEE International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software Engineering for Blockchain (WETSEB)

作者： Wessling, Florian Ehmke, Christopher Hesenius, Marc Gruhn, Volker Univ Duisburg Essen Paluno Essen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450357265

Adding blockchain technology to existing systems instead of building them from the ground up poses several challenges. It is difficult to find out which attributes of blockchains are important for a given use case (e.g. immutable, trustless, anonymous) and to decide which elements of an architecture should employ blockchain technologies. Current approaches generally only give a hint on whether blockchain technology makes sense for a given use case or not. This paper proposes a more fine-grained approach to decide which elements of an application architecture could benefit from the use of blockchain technology. We illustrate the first outline of our approach which identifies participants, their trust relations and interactions to derive a hybrid architecture (i.e., an architecture embedding blockchain technology in existing software systems or creating new systems using blockchain only in certain parts).

关键词： blockchain architecture Executable Distributed Code Contracts EDCC smart contract decentralized application DApp design pattern architecture pattern blockchain-oriented software engineering hybrid architectures

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Architectural patterns for Microservices: A Systematic Mapping Study 8

Architectural Patterns for Microservices: A Systematic Mappi...

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8th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science (CLOSER)

作者： Taibi, Davide Lenarduzzi, Valentina Pahl, Claus Tampere Univ Technol Tampere Finland Free Univ Bozen Bolzano Bozen Bolzano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789897582950

Microservices is an architectural style increasing in popularity. However, there is still a lack of understanding how to adopt a microservice-based architectural style. We aim at characterizing different microservice architectural style patterns and the principles that guide their definition. We conducted a systematic mapping study in order to identify reported usage of microservices and based on these use cases extract common patterns and principles. We present two key contributions. Firstly, we identified several agreed microservice architecture patterns that seem widely adopted and reported in the case studies identified. Secondly, we presented these as a catalogue in a common template format including a summary of the advantages, disadvantages, and lessons learned for each pattern from the case studies. We can conclude that different architecture patterns emerge for different migration, orchestration, storage and deployment settings for a set of agreed principles.

关键词： Microservices Architectural Style architecture pattern Cloud Native Cloud Migration DevOps

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Inference-based Detection of Architectural Violations in MVC2 12

Inference-based Detection of Architectural Violations in MVC...

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12th International Joint Conference on Software Technologies (ICSOFT)

作者： Hayashi, Shinpei Minami, Fumiki Saeki, Motoshi Tokyo Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Meguro Ku Ookayama 2-12-1 Tokyo 1528552 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789897582622

Utilizing software architecture patterns is important for reducing maintenance costs. However, maintaining code according to the constraints defined by the architecture patterns is time-consuming work. As described herein, we propose a technique to detect code fragments that are incompliant to the architecture as fine-grained architectural violations. For this technique, the dependence graph among code fragments extracted from the source code and the inference rules according to the architecture are the inputs. A set of candidate components to which a code fragment can be affiliated is attached to each node of the graph and is updated step-by-step. The inference rules express the components' responsibilities and dependency constraints. They remove candidate components of each node that do not satisfy the constraints from the current estimated state of the surrounding code fragment. If the current result does not include the current component, then it is detected as a violation. By defining inference rules for MVC2 architecture and applying the technique to web applications using Play Framework, we obtained accurate detection results.

关键词： architecture pattern Code Smell Program Dependence Graph

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A Database-Specific pattern for Multi-cloud High Availability and Disaster Recovery

A Database-Specific Pattern for Multi-cloud High Availabilit...

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4th European Conference on Service-Oriented and Cloud Computing (ESOCC)

作者： Xiong, Huanhuan Fowley, Frank Pahl, Claus Dublin City Univ Irish Ctr Cloud Comp & Commerce IC4 Dublin 9 Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319333137;9783319333120

High availability and disaster recovery (HADR) are often discussed in highly critical business systems for business function recovery and continuity concerns. With the development of cloud computing, virtual cloud services are perfectly matched to HADR scenarios, and interoperability is a significant aspect to help users to use HADR service across different cloud platforms and providers. In this paper, we present an architectural pattern describing the integration of high availability and disaster recovery. We focus on database cluster replication between private cloud and public cloud environments. This HADR pattern for database cluster replication implements both synchronous and asynchronous replication concurrently for high availability and disaster recovery purposes. To evaluate the effectiveness of this pattern, we simulate a MySQL-database-cluster HADR scenario under three strategies: hot standby, warm standby and cold standby, and analyze the performance, business continuity features and cost.

关键词： Multi-cloud architecture pattern High availability Disaster recovery Clustering Database replication

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Towards an architecture for e-Learning Infrastructures on a National Level: A Case Study of AfgREN

Towards an Architecture for e-Learning Infrastructures on a ...

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International Conference on Web-Based Learning (ICWL)

作者： Saay, Salim Norta, Alex Laanpere, Mart Kabul Univ Fac Comp Sci Kabul Afghanistan Tallinn Univ Technol Dept Informat Akad Tee 15A EE-12816 Tallinn Estonia Tallinn Univ Inst Informat Narva Rd 25 EE-10120 Tallinn Estonia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319328652;9783319328645

National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) are for sharing resources between member organizations. NRENs play an important role in e-learning activities as they provide necessary communication. Heterogeneous infrastructures used for e-learning are a challenge for system design, integrity and interoperability. This paper proposed a NREN e-learning reference model and affiliated NREN e-learning architectural patterns that considered communication, reliable access, cooperation between e-learning infrastructures and interoperability. Research exists about different architecture including services oriented Cloud computing, For example, the E-School Systems and other institutional e-learning systems use traditional client server architectures. However, no research has been carried out on NREN e-learning architectures. For deeper insight, we investigate and compare in this paper the Estonian Education and Research Network (EENet) as an NREN example of a developed country, the Pakistan Education and the Research Network (PERN) as an example of a developing country and the Afghanistan Research and Education Network (AfgREN).

关键词： e-Learning Reference model architecture pattern NREN e-learning

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Quality-driven Architectural patterns for Self-aware Cloud-based Software 8

Quality-driven Architectural Patterns for Self-aware Cloud-b...

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IEEE 8th International Conference on Cloud Computing

作者： Salama, Maria Bahsoon, Rami Univ Birmingham Sch Comp Sci Birmingham W Midlands England

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372879

architecture-based self-adaptation has been recognised as one of the prominent ways to design autonomic systems, where self-manageable architectures tend to achieve the required level of dynamicity and compliance with the continual changing in QoS requirements during run-time. Self-awareness and self-expression have recently emerged as promising architectural concepts in the field of self-adaptive software. Self-aware architecture patterns are envisioned as enabler for self-adaptation, but they tend to provide limited support for the QoS run-time requirements. While the research community has developed in architecture quality management, patterns and tactics, addressing quality attributes in self-aware architectures has not been tackled yet. In this paper, we aim to provide quality-driven architectural patterns for emerging class of architecture enabled by the principles of self-awareness. We report on the feasibility of correlating QoS tactics with self-aware capabilities to better respond to QoS run-time requirements and trade-offs. We describe novel extensions which make the correlation between QoS tactics and self-awareness explicit. We quantitatively evaluate the feasibility, generality and fitness of the proposed approach, as well as its potential applicability to self-aware architectures. Though the proposed extensions can potentially benefit architectures which leverage on self-awareness, we use the case of cloud auto-scaling architecture.

关键词： quality QoS architecture architecture pattern architectural tactic cloud self-awareness

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SOA in Variability-Intensive Environments: Pitfalls and Best Practices

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2014年第1期31卷 77-84页

作者： Galster, Matthias Lapre, Laurens Avgeriou, Paris Univ Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand CGI Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India Univ Groningen NL-9700 AB Groningen Netherlands

Software solution providers face numerous pitfalls when using standardized SOA-based solutions. One cause is variability between customer organizations—for example, variability occurs in local e-government because of municipalities’ autonomy when it comes to implementing national laws. This autonomy results in variations in business processes, which then cause variability in the information systems that implement them. This article presents pitfalls the authors observed in Dutch e-government, an example of a variability-intensive environment. They also present best practices that help deal with these pitfalls and organize them in an architecture pattern. Applying the pattern at more than 20 Dutch municipalities led to successful SOA implementations. Because such pitfalls are not just applicable to e-government, the proposed pattern can also be applied to other domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： architecture pattern best practices Computer architecture e-government Electronic government Service oriented architecture service-oriented architecture soa Standards organizations variability

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A Formal architecture pattern for Real-Time Distributed Systems

A Formal Architecture Pattern for Real-Time Distributed Syst...

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30th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS 2009)

作者： Al-Nayeem, Abdullah Sun, Mu Qiu, Xiaokang Sha, Lui Miller, Steven P. Cofer, Darren D. Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci 1304 W Springfield Ave Urbana IL 61801 USA Rockwell Collins Inc Adv Technol Ctr Cedar Rapids IA 52498 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538754

pattern solutions [1] for software and architectures have significantly reduced design, verification, and validation times by mapping challenging problems into a solved generic problem. In the paper, we present an architecture pattern for ensuring synchronous computation semantics using the PALS protocol [2]. We develop a modeling framework in AADL to automatically transform a synchronous design of a real-time distributed system into an asynchronous design satisfying the PALS protocol. We present a detailed example of how the PALS transformation works for a dual-redundant system. From the example, we also describe the general transformation in terms of intuitively defined AADL semantics. Furthermore, we develop a static analysis checker to find necessary conditions that must be satisfied in order for the PALS transformation to work correctly. The transformations and static checks that we have described are implemented in OSATE using the generated EMF metamodel API for model manipulation.

关键词： architecture pattern logical synchronization GALS formal verification architecture description language

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A Model-Driven Interactive System

A Model-Driven Interactive System

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4th International Conference on Information Computing and Applications (ICICA)

作者： Wu, Hao Hua, Qing-yi NW Univ Xian Sch Informat Sci & Technol Xian 710069 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642537035;9783642537028

Model-driven interactive system development mainly solves the user interface development problems of the diverse and heterogeneous client devices in the new computing model such as pervasive computing and cloud computing. This paper analyzed the problems that existed in this development approach, and put forward an architecture pattern ALV+. This pattern was integrated with CAMELOAN reference framework. So a novel model-driven interactive system development approach was designed. This approach divided the user interface into several models: abstract interface, concrete interface, device interface and event description, which made the presentation and transformation of the models simple, and decreased the redundancy among the models. Then a case study was used to verify the effectiveness of the approach, and confirmed that this method could solve the problems of the model-driven approach to some extent.

关键词： new computing model model-driven architecture pattern CAMELOAN reference framework

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