The purpose of this work is the development and implementation of a flow control strategy for the LiBr/H2O saline recirculation system in double effect absorption chillers to guarantee an optimum operating range. The ...
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The purpose of this work is the development and implementation of a flow control strategy for the LiBr/H2O saline recirculation system in double effect absorption chillers to guarantee an optimum operating range. The control strategy was developed using the PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller hosted on the arduino prototyping platform. Structural aspects of the double-effect absorption chiller as well as updating the thermophysical properties of the solution LiBr/H2O in real time to better suit the operation of the absorption cooling system were also considered. The proposed strategy enables a low-cost embedded system for gauging, controlling flow and maintaining optimal operating conditions. An experimental analysis was performed using initially pure water for calibration and control strategy testing, followed by the LiBr/H2O solution to show its versatility and operating accuracy in refrigeration absorption chiller. As a main result, the proposed system offers control of flow rates with a resolution of 0.60 L/min for 67% of the flow range provided by the conventional magnetic centrifugal pump recirculation system. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd and IIR. All rights reserved.
Efficient management of water distribution networks (WDNs) is currently a focal point, especially in countries where water scarcity conditions are more and more amplified by frequent drought periods. In these cases, i...
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Efficient management of water distribution networks (WDNs) is currently a focal point, especially in countries where water scarcity conditions are more and more amplified by frequent drought periods. In these cases, in fact, pressure becomes the fundamental variable in managing the WDNs. Similarly, WDNs are often obsolete and affected by several points of water losses. Leakages are mainly affected by pressure;in fact, water utilities usually apply the technique of pressure management to reduce physical losses. It is clear how pressure plays a fundamental role in the management of WDNs and in water safety. Even though the technologies are quite mature, these systems are often expensive, especially if a capillarity monitoring system is required;thus, water managers apply the measurement of the flow rate and pressure at very few points. Today, the implementation of the Internet of things (IoT) can be considered a key strategy for monitoring water distribution systems. Once the sensors are installed, in fact, it is relatively easy to build a communication system able to collect and send data from the network. In the proposed study, a smart pressure monitoring system was developed using low-cost hardware and open-source software. The prototype system is composed of an arduino microcontroller, a printed circuit board, and eight pressure transducers. The efficiency of the proposed tool was compared with a SCADA monitoring system. To investigate on the efficiency of the proposed measurement system, an experimental campaign was carried out at the Environmental Hydraulic Laboratory of the University of Enna (Italy), and hydrostatic as well as hydrodynamic tests were performed. The results showed the ability of the proposed pressure monitor tool to have control of the water pressure in a WDN with a simple, scalable, and economic system. The proposed system can be easily implemented in a real WDN by water utilities, thus improving the knowledge of pressure and increasing the ef
In this paper, Free Space Optical communication link prototypes have been practically experimented. Audio and text data transmission models are implemented using a programmed microcontroller "arduino Uno". U...
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In this paper, Free Space Optical communication link prototypes have been practically experimented. Audio and text data transmission models are implemented using a programmed microcontroller "arduino Uno". Using a 650 nm laser source, a digital audio signal is transmitted with a data rate of 506.3 kbps in addition to a text data transmitted with a bit rate of 125 kbps. Both signals are received using a TSL250R photodiode. These prototypes create an FSO communication link designed for audio and text transmission. The use of arduino microcontroller offers a more accurate transmission of higher quality. The concept discussed can be generalized for real optical communication systems instead of lab work only.
Wireless communication is common use on devices to send or exchange information such computer peripheral, mobile device, home appliances, etc. Every device embedded with wireless module and contribute electromagnetic,...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538667200
Wireless communication is common use on devices to send or exchange information such computer peripheral, mobile device, home appliances, etc. Every device embedded with wireless module and contribute electromagnetic, thus high possibility of occurring interference. One of method how to control interference is by controlling signal to transmit as well as power, thus in this research designed reconfigurable MIMO antenna to control antenna radiation pattern to reduce interference issue in wireless communication. The antenna designed in 2.4 GHz band because most and common use of devices peripheral using unlicensed band as well as for Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi). The designed antenna is 4x4 MIMO which operate at 2.4 and 2.6 GHz for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Long Term Evolution (LTE). The system radiation pattern is configured using an arduino microcontroller to driven PIN diode to switch he beam. Simulations and measurements are in good agreement with the configuration of the single antenna and 2x2 and 4x4 MIMO. The antenna is operational between 2.387 and 2.628 GHz, whereas the simulated and measured reflection coefficients are obtaining at least -24.3 dB. The MIMO antenna designed to improve data communication, especially in mobile communication systems.
arduino is an open source, portable, flexible and easy to use open source electronic platform. This intelligent suitcase uses arduino as a single chip microcomputer and HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module to realize int...
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arduino is an open source, portable, flexible and easy to use open source electronic platform. This intelligent suitcase uses arduino as a single chip microcomputer and HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module to realize intelligent following person's track. The handheld device is made of an arduino Nano board and connected to the HC-SR04 ultrasonic module for receiving and transmitting ultrasonic signals. Both sides of the suitcase are also ultrasonic modules. Intelligent tracking is realized by detecting the time difference between the signal launched by the hand-held ultrasonic module and the ultrasonic module on the two sides of the suitcase, which reflects the relationship between the running direction of the suitcase and the direction of the person. In addition, the suitcase can also be equipped with smart locks, removable battery and can be switched to mobile phone remote control and automatic follow mode. The suitcase can also be switched to a hand-pulled mode when the battery is run out. This paper proves the feasibility of intelligent luggage following by using ultrasonic module through theory.
Tracking a person problem in a specific city and knowing his geographic location is a big issue. When we know the location of a specific person, we can solve a lot of problems related to security and emergency. On the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538692011
Tracking a person problem in a specific city and knowing his geographic location is a big issue. When we know the location of a specific person, we can solve a lot of problems related to security and emergency. On the other hand the introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) is considered as the key infrastructure in a smart city. Therefore we present in this paper a Person Tracking System using the concept of Internet of Things based on arduino microcontroller and GPS/GSM/GPRS technologies. Our approach follows an active tracking mode where GPS coordinates are stored in a remote database periodically after a specified time interval. A supervisor can view locations in through web application based on Google Map.
This paper describes the design, simulation in open loop and closed loop system and hardware implementation of buck converter which converters 12V DC to 6V DC at 31 kHz for 5 Watt load. Digital control design is done ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538605691
This paper describes the design, simulation in open loop and closed loop system and hardware implementation of buck converter which converters 12V DC to 6V DC at 31 kHz for 5 Watt load. Digital control design is done with use of arduino Uno microcontroller. Simulation is carried out using PSIM 10.0.5. In simulation;transient response, steady state response, load and line regulations are carried out and output voltage signal in both open loop and closed loop are obtained. Hardware is implemented in open loop system and inductor voltage, gate pulse and output voltage are measured on hardware platform as per the design and compared with simulation results.
In this paper, we describe the designed and tested system of automated double ring infiltrometer (DRI) that we have developed using an arduino microcontroller, a Hall effect sensor, a peristaltic pump, a water level s...
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In this paper, we describe the designed and tested system of automated double ring infiltrometer (DRI) that we have developed using an arduino microcontroller, a Hall effect sensor, a peristaltic pump, a water level sensor, and a constant-level float valve. The system can be used for infiltration measurements in both single ring falling head and double ring constant head methods. The precise measurements of the current method compared to previous designed systems are not affected by sunlight, and due to the method of flow measurement, remain accurate even for low infiltration values. The set-up has an easy real-time data storage on a micro-SD card without a need of a portable computer in the field. It only requires a single reservoir for both inner and outer rings to which, water can be added anytime needed without affecting the measurements. The system automatically detects when the steady state infiltration rate is reached and concludes the testing and stops measurements. The system is mounted in a portable and weather resistant box and is applied to run DRI testing in the field to check the applicability and accuracy of the portable set-up in field measurements. Manual testing was also performed in the field for comparison with the automated system measurements. Overall system architecture, and the design of hardware and software components are presented in details. The system configuration is illustrated for better understanding of the set-up. Published by Elsevier B.V.
In this paper new technique is developed to monitor the health status of the PV panels in the array. For finding the health status short circuit current is measured continuously over a fixed time period. This techniqu...
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In this paper new technique is developed to monitor the health status of the PV panels in the array. For finding the health status short circuit current is measured continuously over a fixed time period. This technique can classify the health status into four categories such as Healthy, Low Fault, Medium Fault and High Fault. By this classification faulty operation can be rectified and power generation may be improved. In case of high faults, PV panels can be protected. The cost requirement for the implementation is very low. The proposed technique is implemented in MATLAB Simulation and hardware. The array considered in this paper is 2 × 2 Series Parallel.
Recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and environmental disasters have emphasized the importance of rapid and efficient sensing platforms. Scientists have focused on developing portable sensing platforms to avoid using bulky and...
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Recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and environmental disasters have emphasized the importance of rapid and efficient sensing platforms. Scientists have focused on developing portable sensing platforms to avoid using bulky and high-cost analytical equipment. Smartphones are the most accessible gadgets with integrated sensors to perform analytical analysis. However, the constant advances and competition in smartphones result in upgrades to smartphones, including their sensors, every year. Moreover, differences in smartphones' sensor and image processing algorithms that vary from model to model complicate the standardization of readers. arduino microcontroller-based readers have been investigated as an alternative to the smartphone data reader. Although arduino-based sensors are not as portable as smartphones and cannot perform other tasks than they are developed and programmed for, they are usually built from a limited number of components, thus simplifying their standardization. In this review, we outline the different approaches used to develop smartphone-based analytical sensors and the development of arduino-based sensors. These approaches will mainly focus on developing novel sensing platforms, the choice of smartphone sensors, and data processing methods. We also discuss the application of smartphone- and arduino-based sensors for biochemical and environmental monitoring.
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