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Stability Improvement of the Large-Scaled JAMALI Power Electricity System of Indonesia by Using Power System Stabilizer based on Electric Eel Foraging Optimization

Results in Engineering

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Results in Engineering 2025年

作者： Imam Robandi Nien-Che Yang Mohamad Almas Prakasa Khafit Imron Muzaki Moh. Imam Muchyiddin Muhammad Ruswandi Djalal Akhmad Ramadhani Department of Electrical Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 10607 Taiwan

As one of the large-scaled power electricity systems in Indonesia, the stability of the Jawa-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) power electricity system is crucial to ensure secure operation, especially during dynamic disturbances. In the modern era, the Power System Stabilizer (PSS) optimization by using Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes a viable option to mitigate this problem. In this paper, an innovative AI optimization for PSS is proposed, ensuring simplicity, scalability, and compliance with the grid codes. For the first time, Electric Eel Foraging Optimization (EEFO) is introduced to calculate the global PSS parameters based on various performance indicators as objective functions, featuring IAE, ITAE, ISE, and ITSE. Based on the convergence curve analyses within 30 runs and 100 iterations for each objective function, EEFO is 9.38%, 17.14%, 21.62%, and 30.95% faster than Puma Optimizer, Evolutionary Mating Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, and Genetic Algorithm, respectively. EEFO has also produced 5.64% to 13.2% and 3.94% to 8.09% better accuracy and consistency than the compared algorithms. Additionally, phase and eigenvalue analyses have been conducted to validate the EEFO-based PSS compliance with the damping ratio in the Indonesian grid codes. The best damping ratio of EEFO-based PSS is achieved by using ITAE as the objective function of 0.41, followed by ISE, IAE, and ITSE of 0.39, 0.38, and 0.37, respectively. For responses (frequency, power angle, and voltage) in different dynamic disturbances, the best improvement regarding the oscillations (undershoot, overshoot, and peak-to-peak) is achieved by EEFO-based PSS with ISE, while the best settling time improvement is achieved by EEFO-based PSS with ITAE. Thus, wider preferences are provided by the use of various performance indicators as objective functions in PSS optimization cases.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Electric Eel Foraging Optimization Large-scaled System Power System Stability Power System Stabilizer ACE area control error AI Artificial Intelligence AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator EEFO Electric Eel Foraging Optimization GA Genetic Algorithm GRC Generation Rate control IAE Integral Absolute error ISE Integral Squared error ITAE Integral Time Absolute error ITSE Integral Time Squared error PSS Power System Stabilizer PSO Particle Swarm Optimization

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Frequency control strategy of multi-area hybrid power system based on frequency division and sliding mode algorithm

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2019年第7期13卷 1145-1152页

作者： Mi, Yang He, Xingtang Hao, Xuezhi Li, Zhenkun Fu, Yang Wang, Chengshan Wang, Jianhui Shanghai Univ Elect Power Sch Elect Engn Shanghai Peoples R China State Grid Shanghai Jinshan Elect Power Supply Co Shanghai Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Smart Grid Tianjin Peoples R China Southern Methodist Univ Dept Elect Engn Dallas TX 75275 USA

For renewable energy penetration, a frequency control strategy is proposed to assure the multi-area hybrid power system stable operation. The load frequency control (LFC) and the battery energy storage system (BESS) are used together to design the frequency control strategy. Furthermore, in order to improve the control accuracy and reduce the battery capacity, the area control error and active power disturbance are divided into low-frequency components and high-frequency components. Therefore, LFC is designed by using sliding mode algorithm for the low-frequency deviation and BESS is adjusted by using the designed disturbance observer for the high-frequency disturbance. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed frequency control strategy is proved by the real-time digital simulator which can optimise the frequency quality and reduces the capacity of the BESS.

关键词： observers energy storage battery storage plants hybrid power systems frequency control load regulation power generation control variable structure systems power system stability frequency control strategy frequency division sliding mode algorithm multiarea hybrid power system stable operation load frequency control battery energy storage system area control error low-frequency components high-frequency components low-frequency deviation high-frequency disturbance frequency quality renewable energy penetration battery capacity active power disturbance disturbance observer

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Optimal frequency deviations control in microgrid interconnected systems

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IET RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION 2019年第13期13卷 2376-2382页

作者： Siti, Mukwanga W. Tungadio, Diambomba H. Sun, Yanxia Mbungu, Nsilulu T. Tiako, Remy Tshwane Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Pretoria South Africa Univ Johannesburg Dept Elect & Elect Engn Johannesburg South Africa Univ Pretoria Dept Elect Elect & Comp Engn Pretoria South Africa Univ KwaZulu Natal Dept Elect Engn Durban South Africa

The increase in the price of fossil fuel due to its rarity and emissions means more integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) is required to improve economic management of the grid. This study analyses a combination of the tie-line power between conventional power sources and the renewable energy system and its frequency deviations which are known as area control error. The minimisation of the tie-line by optimal control is affected in such a way that the frequency and tie-line power error can be minimised while maintaining the power balance between generation and load. The tie-line connected to the microgrid consists of two main parts, namely the conventional source and the renewable energy source, each made up of a synchronous generator. The control application of the active power and frequency to a network is referred to as load frequency control (LFC) with the storage system as an integral part of RES. The simulation results show the performance of the proposed optimal control model in microgrid during the changing loads' condition, where the energy storage system applied to optimal control has shown a quick response to frequency deviation, which is close to 80%.

关键词： renewable energy sources power system interconnection load regulation optimal control synchronous generators distributed power generation frequency control power generation control energy storage power system control optimal frequency deviations microgrid interconnected systems fossil fuel rarity emissions renewable energy source RES economic management study analyses conventional power sources renewable energy system frequency deviation area control error tie-line power error power balance generation conventional source control application active power load frequency control integral part optimal control model energy storage system

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ALFC of hybrid multi-generation power system using UC and TCPS by ANFIS control technique

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS 2019年第2期106卷 174-211页

作者： Prakash, Surya Sinha, S. K. Thapar Inst Engn & Technol Elect & Instrumentat Engn Dept Patiala Punjab India KNIT Elect Engn Dept Sultanpur India

This paper reveals the impact of an ultra-capacitor (UC) and thyristor control phase shifter (TCPS) on frequency stability of large hybrid interconnected power system. The impact of UC and TCPS has been studied for general purpose hybrid generated multi areas power system. Further to this, an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is is proposed for automatic load frequency control (ALFC). Thermal and reheat thermal plants are connected in area-1 and area-2, whereas area-3 has hydro plant and area-4, 5, 6 consists of nuclear power plant, diesel power and gas turbine plant, respectively. A micro grid based on Solar Photovoltaic (PV) system and fleet of electric vehicle (EV) system is developed and integrated with load side of area-1 for load management in interconnected grid. Effect of Small load change and large load change are discussed in separate cases. The controllers are tuned by adding sliding surface to enhance the performance. A comparison between ANFIS and PI-based control approaches with and without UC and TCPS exhibits the superiority of ANFIS controller by integrating UC and TCPS. The results of the proposed control technique are compared with already published results.

关键词： Load Frequency control (LFC) ultra capacitors TCPS ANFIS controller PI controller area control error interconnected power system

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Active Power Regulation of the Power System considering DFIG based Wind Power in coordination with TCPS-SMES

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INTERNATIONAL ENERGY JOURNAL 2019年第3期19卷 189-198页

作者： Chetty, Dhanpal Sharma, Gulshan Davidson, Innocent Durban Univ Technol Dept Elect Power Engn Steve Biko Campus ZA-4001 Durban South Africa

This article presents the design of load frequency control (LFC) regulators, based on a model predictive control (MPC) concept for a two-area interconnected power system. The power system consists of a thyristor control phase shifter (TCPS) in series with the tie-line and a super conducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit at the terminal of one of the areas. Also included in the system modeling were the dynamic active power support from doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines in each power system area. The designed regulators were implemented and the system dynamic responses for various system states were obtained considering a 1% load fluctuation in one of the areas. Furthermore, the robustness of the proposed regulator was also demonstrated in presence of non-linearity generation rate constraints (GRC) and system parameter variations.

关键词： area control error doubly fed induction generator load frequency control model predictive control non-linearity

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An Optimal controller for Load Frequency control in Multi-area Deregulated power system

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 2019年第1期15卷 142-158页

作者： Sina, Alireza Kaur, Damanjeet ACECR Tehran Iran Panjab Univ UIET Chandigarh India Panjab Univ UIET EEE Chandigarh India

In this paper, an optimal controller for load frequency control in multi area power system in deregulated environment is suggested. The controller is designed and analyzed for LFC in multi-area power system while each area consists of different multi-sources such as hydro, thermal reheat and non-reheat. To solve LFC problem, a PID controller is designed while its parameters are timed using nature inspired Social Spider Optimization algorithm. For each area, local PID controller is designed which minimize the frequency deviation of that area and tie line power exchange while various contracts commitments are taken care. It is also observed that load change, disturbance and uncertainty in system parameters have no effect on the performance of the designed controller. The performance of suggested controller is studied and analyzed in all possible contracts in deregulated power market. The controller is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The superiority of proposed approach has been shown by comparing dynamic performance of designed PID using SSO with PSO and DE. The results are compared for various performance measures like overshoot, undershoot, settling time, frequency deviation and deviation in tie line power. The designed controller is also compared with existing fractional PID and ANFIS controller. On comparison it is found that designed controller is robust and gives better results in all aspects.

关键词： LFC PID controller deregulated environment social spider optimization area control error

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Analysis and improvement of cross-regional cooperation for automatic frequency restoration reserves

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ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH 2020年 188卷 106574-106574页

作者： Tokumitsu, Keita Amano, Hiroyuki Kawabe, Kenichi Nanahara, Toshiya Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind Syst Engn Res Lab Yokosuka Kanagawa Japan Tokyo Inst Technol Elect & Elect Engn Tokyo Japan

Frequency restoration reserves (FRRs) are currently procured and activated by individual transmission system operators (TSOs) in Japan. To enhance the efficiency of the balancing process, a balancing market will be established in 2021, with the introduction of cross-regional cooperation for an automatic FRR (aFRR) being discussed. The cross-regional aFRR cooperation will be conducted through the procedures of the imbalance netting and aFRR sharing. As for the imbalance netting, two methods -i.e., the ACE netting and aFRR demand (aFRR-d) netting -have been used in the US and Europe, respectively. This study examines the merits and demerits of those netting methods through the time-domain simulations using a model comprising two Japanese TSOs' control areas. Although the ACE netting is more efficiently in reducing frequency fluctuations, the reduction effect in aFRR activations is limited. In contrast, the aFRR-d netting can reduce aFRR activations more efficiently while the time required to restore the frequency can be prolonged. To utilize the merits and compensate for the demerits of the above two netting methods, this paper proposes a combination of those netting methods. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can reduce the frequency fluctuations as effectively as the ACE netting and can reduce the aFRR activations as effectively as the aFRR-d netting in comparison with the localized aFRR operation.

关键词： area control error Frequency Automatic frequency restoration reserve Imbalance netting Load frequency control

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Frequency Regulation of Wind Integrated Power System using Dual Mode Fuzzy 10

Frequency Regulation of Wind Integrated Power System using D...

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10th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE)

作者： Sahoo, Sukanta K. Sharma, Gulshan Panwar, Akhilesh Bansal, R. C. Nirma Univ Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Ahmadabad Gujarat India Durban Univ Technol Dept Elect Power Engn ZA-4001 Durban South Africa Univ Sharjah Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Pretoria Dept Elect Elect & Comp ZA-0028 Pretoria South Africa

Owing to the increase in electrical load demand the dimension of interconnected energy system is increasing day by day and getting more complex with power injection from renewable technologies such as wind energy in order to supply and meet rising energy demands as well as to limit the dependency on conventional sources of power generation. However, the rising trends towards power generation via wind power will cause the challenging task to maintain the equilibrium between the power generation and load demand and hence to keep the power system frequency to standard value. Hence, in this work a new control design based on switching logic having additional fuzzy intelligence is proposed for wind integrated energy system. In addition, it is also tried to reduce the rule base for proposed design and hence to reduce the complexity of fuzzy based design. The proposed design is tested for standard load change and the results are matched with fuzzy PI and with natural response of the system to show the power of the proposed design. Further, it is also shown that doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind integrated system with proposed control design have the capability to improve the standard frequency profile in case of sudden change in the power demand of the energy system and hence it helps to deliver the required power to the modem clients. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： LFC DFIG Fuzzy logic area control error Dual mode with fuzzy tuning

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Load Frequency control of HVDC Link Interconnected Power System Using Genetic Algorithm

Load Frequency Control of HVDC Link Interconnected Power Sys...

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作者： Chanana, Saurabh Brno University of Technology

Advances in power electronics have improved grid support functions such as tie-line power control and frequency control, making renewable generation and High Voltage DC (HVDC) links more common in power system applications. Load Frequency control (LFC) systems handle the complex interactions between the distributed generator and the control area with the HVDC link. In this work, LFC of a two-zone system including parallel AC/DC transmission links has been analysed. The parameters of this system are optimised using advanced genetic algorithm resulting in improved performance of system in terms of reduction in peak overshoots and settling time of frequency measurement, tie line power flow and area control error signals in an interconnected power system. The advantage of having parallel HVDC links is also demonstrated when performance is compared to system interconnected with only AC tie line.

关键词： frequency measurement a utomatic generation control load frequency control HVDC interconnected system tie line power area control error

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A Methodology for Quantifying Reliability Benefits From Improved Solar Power Forecasting in Multi-Timescale Power System Operations

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2018年第6期9卷 6897-6908页

作者： Cui, Mingjian Zhang, Jie Hodge, Bri-Mathias Lu, Siyuan Hamann, Hendrik F. Univ Texas Dallas Dept Mech Engn Dallas TX 75080 USA Natl Renewable Energy Lab Golden CO 80401 USA IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr Yorktown Hts NY 10598 USA

Solar power forecasting improvements are mainly evaluated by statistical and economic metrics, and the practical reliability benefits of these forecasting enhancements have not yet been well quantified. This paper aims to quantify reliability benefits from solar power forecasting improvements. To systematically analyze the relationship between solar power forecasting improvements and reliability performance in power system operations, an expected synthetic reliability (ESR) metric is proposed to integrate multiple state-of-the-art independent reliability metrics. The absolute value and standard deviation of area control errors (ACEs), and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation control Performance Standard 2 (CPS2) score are calculated through a multi-timescale scheduling simulation, including the day-ahead unit commitment, real-time unit commitment, real-time economic dispatch, and automatic generation control sub-models. The absolute ACE in energy, CPS2 violations, CPS2 score, and standard deviation of the raw ACE are all calculated and combined as the ESR metric. Numerical simulations show that the reliability benefits of multi-timescale power system operations are significantly increased due to the improved solar power forecasts.

关键词： area control error multi-timescale power system operation photovoltaic reliability benefit forecast

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