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array detection in a holographic scanning microscope

OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第0期462卷 125339-000页

作者： Buddha, Satya S. Goutam Kalita, Ranjan Boruah, Bosanta R. Indian Inst Technol Guwahati Dept Phys Gauhati 781039 Assam India

In this paper we describe a simple experimental arrangement to implement array detection in a scanning optical microscope where both the beam shaping and beam scanning are done holographically. A ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator is used to implement dynamic and reconfigurable binary holograms and an ordinary camera is used as the array detector. We use a scanning scheme that enables array detection over 120 x 120 scan positions and 40 x 40 detector array data for each position with an acquisition time of 40 s using a 15 fps (frames per second) camera. We demonstrated the working of the microscope to implement image subtraction and image scanning microscopy in both reflected and fluorescence light.

关键词： Scanning optical microscopy array detection Image scanning microscopy Binary hologram Liquid crystal spatial light modulator

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Resolution and signal-to-noise ratio improvement in confocal fluorescence microscopy using array detection and maximum-likelihood processing

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MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016年第8期27卷

作者： Kakade, Rohan Walker, John G. Phillips, Andrew J. Univ Nottingham Fac Engn Adv Opt Grp Univ Pk Nottingham NG7 2RD England

Confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) is widely used in biological sciences because of its enhanced 3D resolution that allows image sectioning and removal of out-of-focus blur. This is achieved by rejection of the light outside a detection pinhole in a plane confocal with the illuminated object. In this paper, an alternative detection arrangement is examined in which the entire detection/image plane is recorded using an array detector rather than a pinhole detector. Using this recorded data an attempt is then made to recover the object from the whole set of recorded photon array data;in this paper maximum-likelihood estimation has been applied. The recovered object estimates are shown (through computer simulation) to have good resolution, image sectioning and signal-to-noise ratio compared with conventional pinhole CFM images.

关键词： confocal fluorescence microscopy maximum-likelihood processing resolution array detection signal-to-noise ratio

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Spatial Phasor Analysis for Optical Sectioning Nanoscopy

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ACS PHOTONICS 2025年第2期12卷 1155-1162页

作者： Huang, Yuran Ye, Zitong Zhang, Zhimin Ye, Hanchu Xu, Liang Hao, Xiang Han, Yubing Kuang, Cuifang Liu, Xu Zhejiang Univ Coll Opt Sci & Engn State Key Lab Extreme Photon & Instrumentat Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China ZJU Hangzhou Global Sci & Technol Innovat Ctr Hangzhou 311200 Peoples R China

Super-resolution microscopy has broken the traditional resolution barrier of optical microscopy. However, its application in imaging live and thick specimens has been limited. To date, optical sectioning in super-resolution microscopy either rely on inaccurate background estimation or been hindered in live-cell imaging by excessive complexity and cost. Here, we report spatial phasor image scanning microscopy (spISM), which aims to enhance the optical sectioning by a factor of similar to 2 without drawbacks for any microscope equipped with a detector array. By incorporating spatial-domain phasor analysis into image scanning microscopy, spISM decodes information about the axial position, thus accurately identifying in-focus and out-of-focus signals. We demonstrate that this approach is automatic, adaptive, and robust to specimen and microscope setups. It has a rapid processing speed, enabling multicolor imaging in live-cell. The performance of the reported approach is validated by imaging up to eight subcellular structures. As spISM is fully compatible with laser scanning microscopy, it holds great potential to become a turn-key solution for biological research.

关键词： super-resolution microscopy STED nanoscopy array detection background identification real-timelive-cell imaging.

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Subtraction microscopy using aberrated PSFs for image contrast enhancement

Subtraction microscopy using aberrated PSFs for image contra...

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IEEE Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP)

作者： Buddha, S. Goutam Kumar, Nagendra Malik, Karuna Sindhu Konwar, Santanu Tata Inst Fundamental Res Hyderabad Hyderabad India Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Phys Delhi India Brainware Univ Dept Phys Kolkata India Abhayapuri Coll Dept Phys Bongaigaon India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340846;9798350340839

Subtraction microscopy is an imaging technique that uses the difference between two images obtained with different point spread functions (PSFs) to improve image contrast. In traditional subtraction microscopy, both images are obtained with unaberrated PSFs with different pinhole sizes. In this paper, we subtracted two images constructed with two PSFs, one with an unaberrated PSF and the other using an aberrated PSF. Here we have presented our preliminary simulation results to establish the outcome.

关键词： subtraction microscopy subtractive imaging emission difference microscopy array detection aberrated PSF imaging scanning optical microscopy

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Infrared Microspectroscopy Using Prism-Based Spectrographs and Focal Plane array detection

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APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2012年第3期66卷 304-311页

作者： Lanzarotta, Adam Marcott, Curtis Story, Gloria M. Dowrey, Anthony E. Sommer, Andre J. Miami Univ Mol Microspect Lab Dept Chem & Biochem Oxford OH 45056 USA Light Light Solut LLC Athens GA 30608 USA Procter & Gamble Co Miami Valley Innovat Ctr Cincinnati OH 45253 USA US FDA Trace Examinat Sect Forens Chem Ctr Cincinnati OH 45237 USA

Several prism-based spectrographs employing a mercury cadmium telluride (MCI) focal plane array detector have been interfaced to an infrared microscope. In the combined system, the area-defining aperture of the microscope also served as the entrance slit to the spectrograph. This investigation considered the fundamental limits of diffraction for both the spectrograph and microscope in order to determine both the spatial and spectral resolution of the system as a whole. Experimental results for spectral resolution, spectral range, and peak-to-peak noise have been presented. Finally, the dynamic capabilities of one spectrograph/microscope combination were investigated.

关键词： Infrared microspectroscopy Infrared spectrographs array detection

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An Instrument for In Situ Measuring the Volume Scattering Function of Water: Design, Calibration and Primary Experiments

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SENSORS 2012年第4期12卷 4514-4533页

作者： Li, Cai Cao, Wenxi Yu, Jing Ke, Tiancun Lu, Guixin Yang, Yuezhong Guo, Chaoying Chinese Acad Sci State Key Lab Oceanog Trop S China Sea Inst Oceanol Guangzhou 510301 Guangdong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Fishery Sci S China Sea Fisheries Res Inst Guangzhou 510300 Guangdong Peoples R China

The optical volume scattering function (VSF) of seawater is a fundamental property used in the calculation of radiative transfer for applications in the study of the upper-ocean heat balance, the photosynthetic productivity of the ocean, and the chemical transformation of photoreactive compounds. A new instrument to simultaneously measure the VSF in seven directions between 20 degrees to 160 degrees, the attenuation coefficient, and the depth of water is presented. The instrument is self-contained and can be automatically controlled by the depth under water. The self-contained data can be easily downloaded by an ultra-short-wave communication system. A calibration test was performed in the laboratory based on precise estimation of the scattering volume and optical radiometric calibration of the detectors. The measurement error of the VSF measurement instrument has been estimated in the laboratory based on the Mie theory, and the average error is less than 12%. The instrument was used to measure and analyze the variation characteristics of the VSF with angle, depth and water quality in Daya Bay for the first time. From these in situ data, we have found that the phase functions proposed by Fournier-Forand, measured by Petzold in San Diego Harbor and Sokolov in Black Sea do not fit with our measurements in Daya. These discrepancies could manly due to high proportion of suspended calcium carbonate mineral-like particles with high refractive index in Daya Bay.

关键词： ocean optics scattering measurements array detection calibration test in-field measurement scattering volume optical radiometric calibration

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Distance-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: A New Paradigm for Mass Separation and detection

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 5 2012年第1期5卷 487-504页

作者： Enke, Christie G. Ray, Steven J. Graham, Alexander W. Dennis, Elise A. Hieftje, Gary M. Carado, Anthony J. Barinaga, Charles J. Koppenaal, David W. Univ New Mexico Dept Chem Albuquerque NM 87131 USA Indiana Univ Dept Chem Bloomington IN 47405 USA Pacific NW Natl Lab Richland WA 99352 USA

Distance-of-flight mass spectrometry (DOFMS) offers the advantages of physical separation of ions, array detection of ions, focusing of initial ion energy, great simplicity, and a truly unlimited mass range. DOFMS instrumentation is similar to that of time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and shares its ion-source versatility, batch analysis, and rapid spectral-generation rate. With constant-momentum ion acceleration and an ion mirror, there is a time at which ions of all mass-to-charge values are energy focused at their particular distances along the flight path. A pulsed field orthogonal to the flight path drives the ions to reach the detector array at this specific time. Results from a 0.29-m proof-of-principle instrument verify the theoretically predicted energy focus and demonstrate how the range of mass-to-charge values that impinge on the detector array can be readily changed. DOFMS could be combined sequentially with TOFMS to enable simultaneous scanless tandem mass spectrometry.

关键词： array detection dynamic range simultaneous analysis ion focusing mass analysis

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Phase sensitive array detection with polarisation modulated differential sensing

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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2006年第2期119卷 651-655页

作者： Hooper, I. R. Sambles, J. R. Pitter, M. C. Somekh, M. G. Univ Exeter Sch Phys Exeter EX4 4QL Devon England Univ Nottingham Sch Elect & Elect Engn Appl Opt Grp Nottingham NG7 2RD England

It has recently been shown that polarisation modulated differential surface plasmon sensing can be used to monitor refractive index changes of approximately 2 x 10(-7) refractive index units. The information for these measurements is carried by a small-modulated light component and a relatively large constant background signal. These measurements have, hitherto, only been carried out as point measurements. In this paper we demonstrate that multipoint measurements can be obtained using a CMOS camera array that directly detects the amplitude and phase of the oscillating component of the light. The effectiveness of the parallel measurement is demonstrated by monitoring the changes in a waveguide mode as the refractive index of the dielectric layer is changed by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. This paper demonstrates the potential of phase sensitive CMOS detection in applications where spatially resolved differential imaging is required, especially in the field of chemical and biological sensing. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： optical sensor array detection biosensor

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Error-probability noise benefits in threshold neural signal detection

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NEURAL NETWORKS 2009年第5-6期22卷 697-706页

作者： Patel, Ashok Kosko, Bart Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Inst Signal & Image Proc Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

Five new theorems and a stochastic learning algorithm show that noise can benefit threshold neural signal detection by reducing the probability of detection error. The first theorem gives a necessary and sufficient condition for such a noise benefit when a threshold neuron performs discrete binary signal detection in the presence of additive scale-family noise. The theorem allows the User to find the optimal noise probability density for several closed-form noise types that include generalized Gaussian noise. The second theorem gives a noise-benefit condition for more general threshold signal detection when the signals have Continuous probability densities. The third and fourth theorems reduce this noise benefit to a weighted-derivative comparison of signal probability densities at the detection threshold when the signal densities are continuously differentiable and when the noise is symmetric and comes from a scale family. The fifth theorem shows how collective noise benefits can occur in a parallel array of threshold neurons even when an individual threshold neuron does not itself produce a noise benefit. The stochastic gradient-ascent learning algorithm can find the optimal noise value for noise probability densities that do not have a closed form. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optimal noise intensity Stochastic resonance Threshold neurons Signal detection Error probability array detection

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Automated purification and suspension array detection of 16S rRNA from soil and sediment extracts by using tunable surface microparticles

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APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY 2004年第5期70卷 2621-2631页

作者： Chandler, DP Jarrell, AE Argonne Natl Lab Biochip Technol Ctr Argonne IL 60439 USA Pacific NW Natl Lab Environm Microbiol Grp Richland WA 99352 USA

Autonomous, field-deployable molecular detection systems require seamless integration of complex biochemical solutions and physical or mechanical processing steps. In an attempt to simplify the fluidic requirements for integrated biodetection systems, we used tunable surface microparticles both as an rRNA affinity purification resin in a renewable microcolumn sample preparation system and as the sensor surface in a flow cytometer detector. The tunable surface detection limits in both low- and high-salt buffers were 1 ng of total RNA (similar to10(4) cell equivalents) in 15-min test tube hybridizations and 10 ng of total RNA (similar to10(5) cell equivalents) in hybridizations with the automated system (30-s contact time). RNA fragmentation was essential for achieving tunable surface suspension array specificity. Chaperone probes reduced but did not completely eliminate cross-hybridization, even with probes sharing < 50% identity to target sequences. Nonpurified environmental extracts did not irreparably affect our ability to classify color-coded microparticles, but residual environmental constituents significantly quenched the Alexa-532 reporter fluor. Modulating surface charge did not influence the interaction of soluble environmental contaminants with conjugated beads. The automated system greatly reduced the effects of fluorescence quenching, especially in the soil background. The automated system was as efficacious as manual methods for simultaneous sample purification, hybridization, and washing prior to flow cytometry detection. The implications of unexpected target cross-hybridization and fluorescence quenching are discussed relative to the design and implementation of an integrated microbial monitoring system.

关键词： .National Laboratory beads Extracts Northwest National automated system Suspension buffers detection limits array detection Surface Microparticles detection of rRNA test tube

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