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5th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION 2002)

作者： Lin, L Kirubarajan, T Bar-Shalom, Y Univ Connecticut Dept ECE Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0972184422

In this paper we present a new assignment-based algorithm for data association in tracking ground targets employing evasive move-stop-move maneuvers wing Moving Target Indicator (MTI) reports obtained from an airborne sensor. To avoid detection by the MTI sensor, the targets deliberately stop for some time before moving again. The sensor does not detect a target when the latter's radial velocity (along the line-of-sight from the sensor) falls below a certain Minimum Detectable Velocity (MDV). Even in the absence of move-stop-move maneuvers, the detection has a less-than-unity probability (P-D < 1) due to obscuration and thresholding. Then, it is of interest, when a target is not detected, to develop a systematic technique that can distinguish between lack of detection due to P-D < 1 and lack of detection due to a stop (or a near stop). In this paper, we develop a novel "two-dummy" assignment approach for move-stop-move targets that consider the problem in data association as well as in filtering. Typically, in assignment-based data association a "dummy" measurement is used to denote the non-detection event. The use of the standard single-dummy assignment, which does not handle move-stop-move motion explicitly, can result in broken tracks. The new algorithm proposed in this paper handles the evasive move-stop-move motion by introducing a second dummy measurement to represent non-detection due to the MDV. Using this two-dummy data association algorithm, the track corresponding to a move-stop-move target is kept "alive" even during missed detections due to MDV. Results on typical move-stop-move scenarios show that the new algorithm results in about 6% track breakage compared with 100% breakage with the standard single-dummy algorithm.

关键词： target tracking move-stop-move targets ground target tracking MTI tracking Minimum Detectable Velocity data association assignment algorithms

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PeerReview4All: Fair and Accurate Reviewer assignment in Peer Review 30

PeerReview4All: Fair and Accurate Reviewer Assignment in Pee...

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30th International Conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory (ALT)

作者： Stelmakh, Ivan Shah, Nihar B. Singh, Aarti Carnegie Mellon Univ Sch Comp Sci Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

We consider the problem of automated assignment of papers to reviewers in conference peer review, with a focus on fairness and statistical accuracy. Our fairness objective is to maximize the review quality of the most disadvantaged paper, in contrast to the popular objective of maximizing the total quality over all papers. We design an assignment algorithm based on an incremental max-flow procedure that we prove is near-optimally fair. Our statistical accuracy objective is to ensure correct recovery of the papers that should be accepted. With a sharp minimax analysis we also prove that our algorithm leads to assignments with strong statistical guarantees both in an objective-score model as well as a novel subjective-score model that we propose in this paper.

关键词： peer review assignment algorithms statistical learning theory max-min fairness

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On the complexity of configuration and orchestration for enabling disaggregated server provisioning in optical composable data centers

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2022年第12期14卷 998-1009页

作者： Pages, Albert Agraz, Fernando Spadaro, Salvatore Univ Politecn Catalunya UPC Opt Commun Grp GCO Barcelona Spain

Due to the limitations of traditional data center (DC) architectures, the concept of infrastructure disaggregation has been proposed. DC resources are separated into multiple blades to be exploited independently. As a result, composable DC (CDC) infrastructures are achieved, enhancing the modularity of resource provisioning. However, disaggregation introduces additional challenges that need to be carefully analyzed. One relates to the potential complexity increase on the orchestration and infrastructure configuration that need to be performed when provisioning resources to support services. This aspect is highly influenced by the distribution of resources at the physical infrastructure. As such, when analyzing the performance of a CDC, it becomes essential to also study the related operational complexity of the resource orchestration and configuration phases. Furthermore, the requirements of several tenant services may impose heterogeneous deployments over the shared physical infrastructure in the form of either disaggregated single-server or multi-server distributions. The associated orchestration/configuration cost is again highly influenced by the data plane architecture of the CDC. With these aspects in mind, in this paper, we provide a methodology for analysis of the complexity of resource orchestration for a service deployment and the associated configuration cost in optical CDCs, considering various service deployment setups. A selected set of CDC architectures found in the literature is employed to quantitatively illustrate how the data plane design and service deployment strategies affect the complexity of infrastructure configuration and resource orchestration. (c) 2022 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： assignment algorithms Capacity limits Network convergence Network topology Networking hardware Optical networks

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Joint balancing of IT and spectrum resources for selecting virtualized network function in inter-datacenter elastic optical networks

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2019年第11期27卷 15116-15128页

作者： Li, Yajie Zhao, Yongli Li, Bo Yu, Xiaosong Yang, Hui Wang, Xinbo Zhang, Jie Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Facebook Inc Menlo Pk CA 94025 USA

With network functions decoupled from specific hardware, network function virtualization (NFV) is a promising technology to accelerate service provisioning in datacenter (DC) networks. In inter-datacenter elastic optical networks, each virtualized network function (VNF) is usually deployed in multiple DCs for the sake of survivability. In service provisioning, different VNF selections greatly affect IT resources in DCs as well as spectrum resources in optical networks. This paper investigates how to select appropriate VNFs for service requests to achieve joint load balancing of IT and spectrum resources. Two joint balancing factors are proposed to quantify the impact of different VNF selections on network load. Furthermore, a Joint-Optimization Selection (JOS) algorithm is designed to select VNFs in a joint load balancing manner. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of resource utilization, blocking probability and average path length. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the benchmark algorithm. (C) 2019 Optical Society a America under the terms or the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： algorithms assignment algorithms Copper Network survivability Optical networks Wavelength division multiplexing

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Learning EPON delay models from data: a machine learning approach

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2021年第12期13卷 322-330页

作者： Alberto Hernandez, Jose Ebrahimzadeh, Amin Maier, Martin Larrabeiti, David Univ Carlos III Madrid Madrid Spain Concordia Univ Montreal PQ Canada INRS Montreal PQ Canada

There have been a large number of studies focused on the characterization of the upstream delay in time-division multiplexing passive optical networks (TDM-PONs). However, most of them focus on finding equations for the average delay and ignore other useful metrics like delay percentiles, which are of paramount interest in dimensioning PONs with delay guarantees. This work shows how to learn delay models from data using supervised machine learning (ML) techniques. Essentially, a nonlinear regression ML algorithm is trained with PON simulation data, showing that it can provide accurate equations for such metrics of interest. In particular, we obtain an R-2 score above 80% under Poisson traffic and above 65% under self-similar traffic, and we provide a general equation for any delay percentile in the upstream channel of a PON employing interleaved polling with adaptive cycle time. We further show its applicability in dimensioning Tactile Internet and 5G transport support scenarios. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America

关键词： assignment algorithms Multiple input multiple output Optical networks Passive optical networks Stochastic gradient descent Wavelength assignment

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Dimensional dependence of a molecular-polariton mode number

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JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS 2024年第8期41卷 C247-C253页

作者： Lydick, Nathanial Hu, Jiaqi Deng, Hui Univ Michigan Phys Dept 450 Church St Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Appl Phys Program 450 Church St Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Vibrational and electronic strong coupling of light with molecular excitations has shown promise for modifying chemical reaction rates. However, the Tavis-Cummings model often used to model such polaritonic chemistry considers only a single discrete cavity mode coupled with the molecular modes, while experimental systems generally consist of a larger number of molecules in cavities with a continuum of modes. Here, we model the polaritonic effects of multimode cavities of arbitrary dimensions and filled with a large number of molecules. We obtain the dependence of the effects on the dimensionality of the cavity, the molecular oscillator strength, and molecular concentration. Combining our model with the transition state theory, we show that polaritonic effects can be altered by a few orders of magnitude compared to including only a single cavity mode, and that the effect is stronger with a larger molecular dipole moment and molecular concentration. However, the change remains negligibly small for realistic chemical systems due to the large number of dark states. (c) 2024 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： assignment algorithms Curvature Fourier transforms Modes Permittivity Phase matching

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Recursive first fit: a highly parallel optimal solution to spectrum allocation

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2022年第3期14卷 165-176页

作者： Rouskas, George N. Bandikatla, Chaitanya North Carolina State Univ Dept Comp Sci Raleigh NC 27695 USA

We revisit the classical spectrum allocation (SA) problem, a fundamental subproblem in optical network design, and make three contributions. First, we show how some SA problem instances may be decomposed into smaller instances that may be solved independently without loss of optimality. Second, we prove an optimality property of the well-known first-fit (FF) heuristic. Finally, we leverage this property to develop a recursive and parallel algorithm that applies the FF heuristic to find an optimal solution efficiently. This recursive FF algorithm is highly scalable because of two unique properties: (1) it completely sidesteps the symmetry inherent in SA and hence drastically reduces the solution space compared to typical integer linear programming formulations, and (2) the solution space can be naturally decomposed in non-overlapping subtrees that may be explored in parallel almost independently of each other, resulting in faster than linear speedup. (C) 2022 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： assignment algorithms Network survivability Network topology Optical networks Routing algorithms Wavelength assignment

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Benefits of counterpropagating Raman amplification for multiband optical networks

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2022年第7期14卷 562-571页

作者： Souza, Andre Costa, Nelson Pedro, Joao Pires, Joao Infinera Unipessoal Lda P-2790078 Carnaxide Portugal Inst Super Tecn Inst Telecomunicacoes P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal

Multiband (MB) optical fiber transmission systems can unlock additional capacity in existing optical fiber infrastructures, enabling them to keep up with the increase in traffic demand while postponing costly optical fiber deployments. However, due to the worse transmission characteristics of MB systems than C-band-only transmission, the network's overall spectral efficiency decreases when increasing the transmission bandwidth. The extent of this performance degradation is paramount to determining the commercial viability of deploying MB systems. By estimating the generalized signal-to-noise ratio using the GNPy library, this work analyzes the impact of using counterpropagating Raman amplification to improve the performance of an S + C + L-band transmission system comprising a total bandwidth of 15.5 THz. Raman amplification is proposed to mitigate the worse system performance resulting from the stimulated Raman scattering effect and the worse noise figure of the S-band optical amplifier. We show that the optimized deployment of a counterpropagating Raman pump makes it possible not only to improve but also to equalize the network-wide optical performance of the S + C + L-band transmission system, which potentially reduces the complexity of routing and wavelength assignment algorithms. The capacity, spectral efficiency, and number of feasible lightpaths of the S + C + L-band system are compared with C- and C + L-band systems with and without Raman amplification on two reference networks. Results show that the spectral efficiency of the S + C + L-band system with Raman amplification is similar to the C-band-only system without Raman amplification. These results provide evidence that this strategy can be effectively used to compensate for the worse transmission characteristics of MB systems, the higher noise figure of the S-band optical amplifier, the SRS effect, and the additional losses from the band demultiplexer and coupler required at every amplification stage to

关键词： assignment algorithms Optical amplifiers Optical networks Stimulated Raman scattering Stimulated scattering Wavelength assignment

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Waveband switching in light trail optical networks with dynamic traffic [Invited]

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL NETWORKING 2006年第10期5卷 701-714页

作者： Ye, Yabin Woesner, Hagen Chlamtac, Imrich Create Net I-38100 Trento Italy

Wavelength switching is used in current light-path networks to set up connections between node pairs. With the increase in the number of wavelengths per fiber, waveband switching has been proposed for decreasing the number of switching ports in optical nodes. Another concept called a "light trail" allows the intermediate nodes along a light path to access the wavelength channel, aiming at the reduction of the total number of wavelengths. Both techniques apply traffic grooming on different levels of a WDM network. We combine and compare these two switching techniques: waveband switching light path (WBS-LP) and waveband switching light trail (WBS-LT). For both WBS-LP and WBS-LT networks, auxiliary graph models are proposed to exploit not only the wavelength resources in the fiber links but also the limited waveband port resources inside multigranular optical cross connect (MG-OXC) nodes. The proposed algorithms are compared with shortest path, least-weighted path, and K-least-weighted path algorithms. Numerical simulations show that the proposed algorithms based on the auxiliary graph models (LP_AG-LT_ AG) have better performance than other algorithms. For different algorithms, WBS-LT can have better blocking performance than WBS-LP, especially when add-drop waveband ports are critical resources. (C) 2006 Optical Society of America.

关键词： assignment algorithms Dense wavelength division multiplexing Numerical simulation Optical networks Waveguide gratings Wavelength division multiplexing

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Link-protection and FIPP p-cycle designs in translucent elastic optical networks

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2020年第7期12卷 163-176页

作者： Zou, Rujia Hasegawa, Hiroshi Jinno, Masahiko Subramaniam, Suresh George Washington Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Washington DC 20052 USA Nagoya Univ Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Nagoya Aichi Japan Kagawa Univ Dept Elect & Informat Engn Takamatsu Kagawa Japan

Elastic optical networks (EONs) are able to provide high spectrum utilization efficiency due to flexibility in resource assignment. In translucent EONs, by employing regenerators and using advanced modulation formats for transmission, spectrum efficiency can be further improved. Survivability is regarded as an important aspect of EONs, and p-cycle protection is considered to be an attractive scheme due to its fast restoration and high protection efficiency. In this paper, we propose methods for evaluating and selecting p-cycles for both link protection (LP) and failure-independent path protection (FIPP) to survive single-link failures. After considering the various factors that affect the performance of a p-cycle, we propose two evaluation metrics for LP and FIPP, namely, individual p-cycle cost and set of cycles cost. Based on these metrics, we propose two algorithms for selecting a set of p-cycles in translucent EONs: Traffic Independent P-cycle Selection (TIPS), which selects a set of cycles without knowledge of the traffic, and Traffic-Oriented P-cycle Selection (TOPS), which takes given traffic information into account. A routing and spectrum assignment algorithm is designed for translucent EONs, and our p-cycle design algorithms are evaluated using both static and dynamic traffic models. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms have better performance than commonly used baseline algorithms. We also compare the performance of LP p-cycles and FIPP p-cycles. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America

关键词： assignment algorithms Genetic algorithms Optical networks Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing Quadrature amplitude modulation Wavelength assignment

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