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Performance evaluation of time-aware enhanced software defined networking (TeSDN) for elastic data center optical interconnection

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2014年第15期22卷 17630-17643页

作者： Yang, Hui Zhang, Jie Zhao, Yongli Ji, Yuefeng Li, Hui Lin, Yi Li, Gang Han, Jianrui Lee, Young Ma, Teng Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Huawei Technol Co Ltd Shenzhen 518129 Peoples R China

Data center interconnection with elastic optical networks is a promising scenario to meet the high burstiness and high-bandwidth requirements of data center services. We previously implemented enhanced software defined networking over elastic optical network for data center application [Opt. Express 21, 26990 (2013)]. On the basis of it, this study extends to consider the time-aware data center service scheduling with elastic service time and service bandwidth according to the various time sensitivity requirements. A novel time-aware enhanced software defined networking (TeSDN) architecture for elastic data center optical interconnection has been proposed in this paper, by introducing a time-aware resources scheduling (TaRS) scheme. The TeSDN can accommodate the data center services with required QoS considering the time dimensionality, and enhance cross stratum optimization of application and elastic optical network stratums resources based on spectrum elasticity, application elasticity and time elasticity. The overall feasibility and efficiency of the proposed architecture is experimentally verified on our OpenFlow-based testbed. The performance of TaRS scheme under heavy traffic load scenario is also quantitatively evaluated based on TeSDN architecture in terms of blocking probability and resource occupation rate. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America

关键词： assignment algorithms Network topology Optical network architecture Optical networks Optical signals Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Bin-packing based offline dynamic bandwidth and wavelength allocation algorithms for power efficiency in Super-PON

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OSA CONTINUUM 2021年第8期4卷 2091-2107页

作者： Garg, Sukriti Dixit, Abhishek Indian Inst Technol Delhi Bharti Sch Telecommun Technol & Management New Delhi 110016 India

Enduring the rapidly growing demand for high data rates is the main challenge for the current network providers. Super passive optical network (Super-PON), a prominent next generation Ethernet PON (NG-EPON) candidate, can suffice this exponentially increasing data rate requirements. However, to appease such requirements, it employs many transceivers and increases the power-consumption of the network. In this work, we focus on reducing the carbon footprint of Super-PON and propose power-efficient dynamic bandwidth and wavelength allocation (DBWA) algorithms, namely best fit bin-packing sleep mode aware (BF-SMA) and updated BF-SMA (UBF-SMA). The proposed algorithms use SMA for bandwidth scheduling and different bin-packing techniques for wavelength allocation. In bin-packing, the number of available wavelengths and their efficient allocation is based on the network load. For restricting the number of available wavelengths, we can switch off the non-essential transceivers at the OLT, which also helps in maximizing the wavelength utilization and increasing the power efficiency. The simulation results show that in comparison to the state-of-the-art DBWA algorithms, the proposed algorithms improve the power efficiency and reduce the average delay of a Super-PON system. Furthermore, we use Jain's fairness index to validate the fairness of the proposed DBWA algorithms. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： assignment algorithms Optical amplifiers Optical networks Passive optical networks Wavelength assignment Wavelength division multiplexing

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Quantum batteries in non-Markovian reservoirs

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OPTICS LETTERS 2022年第21期47卷 5614-5617页

作者： Li, J. L. Shen, H. Z. Yi, X. X. Northeast Normal Univ Ctr Quantum Sci Changchun 130024 Peoples R China Northeast Normal Univ Sch Phys Changchun 130024 Peoples R China Northeast Normal Univ Ctr Adv Optoelect Funct Mat Res Changchun 130024 Peoples R China Northeast Normal Univ Key Lab UV Light Emitting Mat & Technol Minist Educ Changchun 130024 Peoples R China

In this Letter, we propose schemes to improve the per-formance of quantum batteries and provide a new, to the best of our knowledge, quantum source for a quantum bat-tery without an external driving field. We show that the memory effect of the non-Markovian reservoir can play a significant role in improving the performance of quan-tum batteries, which originates from a backflow on the ergotropy in the non-Markovian regime, while there is counterpart in Markovian approximation. We find that the peak for the maximum average storing power in the non-Markovian regime can be enhanced by manipulating the coupling strength between the charger and the battery. Finally, we find that the battery can also be charged by non rotating wave terms without driving fields. (c) 2022 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： Anisotropy assignment algorithms Coherence Excitons Photons Two level systems

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Resource-efficient path-protection schemes and online selection of routes in reliable WDM networks

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Journal of Optical Networking 2004年第4期3卷 188-203页

作者： Monti, Paolo Tacca, Marco Fumagalli, Andrea University of Texas at Dallas

Feature Issue on Next-Generation WDM Network Design and Routing (WDMN) The optimal choice of routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) for the working and protection path-pair of the newly generated demand request is often a complex problem in reliable wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) networks subject to dynamic traffic. The challenge is twofold: how to provide the required reliability level without over-reserving network resources and how to find a good solution of the RWA problem under constrained computational time. Two important contributions are made. First, the shared path protection (SPP) switching scheme is generalized to guarantee the required (differentiated) level of reliability to all arriving demands, while, at the same time, ensuring that they contain the required amount of reserved network resources. This generalization is referred to as SPP-DiR. Second, an approach for choosing the working and protection path-pair routing for the arriving demand is proposed. The approach is based on a matrix of preselected path-pairs: the disjoint path-pair matrix (DPM). Results show that, when the SPP-DiR scheme is applied, a small reduction in demand reliability corresponds to a significant reduction of the required network resources, when compared with the conventional SPP. In turn, the demand blocking probability may be reduced more than one order of magnitude. It is also shown that the DPM approach is suitable for obtaining satisfactory RWA solutions in both SPP-DiR and conventional SPP networks. The use of the DPM is most suited when the time for solving the RWA problem is constrained, e.g., when demand requests must be served swiftly. © 2003 Optical Society of America.

关键词： assignment algorithms Network topology Optical networks Surface plasmon polaritons Wavelength assignment Wavelength division multiplexing

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MATRIX SOLUTION OF PSEUDOSPIN EQUATIONS FOR 3-LEVEL SYSTEMS

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JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS 1986年第7期3卷 1025-1032页

作者： ARAVIND, PK Department of Physics Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester Massachusetts 01609 USA

The dynamics of a three-level system is investigated within the rotating-wave approximation using the generalized pseudospin formalism of Hioe and Eberly [Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 , 838 (1981)]. The Cayley–Hamilton theorem is used to obtain a matrix solution to the problem valid for arbitrary initial conditions. The pseudospin equations are phenomenologically extended to include relaxation effects, and solutions are also presented in this case. The von Neumann entropy of the system is introduced as a dynamic variable and is used to study the system’s irreversible approach to equilibrium when it is subjected to relaxation effects. An oscillatory behavior of the entropy is noted, and its origin is elucidated.

关键词： assignment algorithms Lasers Optical Bloch equations Relaxation oscillations Resonance Two level systems

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WEIGHTED NONLINEAR-REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF A SELLMEIER EXPANSION - COMPARISON OF SEVERAL NONLINEAR FITS OF CDS DISPERSION

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APPLIED OPTICS 1985年第8期24卷 1147-1150页

作者： GOMEZ, MS GUERRA, JM VILCHES, F UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID FAC CIENCIAS FISDEPT OPT & ESTRUCTURA MATE-28040 MADRIDSPAIN

Presented here is a modification in the adjustment for refractive-index nonlinear regression through a Sellmeier expansion. It is free of the deficiencies inherent in the earlier nonlinear method and notably improves the adjustment without excessively complicating the mathematical procedures. The method is applied to CdS with the object of comparing the results with those obtained previously. In this manner, the best adjustment has been found for CdS dispersion. It has also allowed a physical explanation of some adjustment parameters.

关键词： assignment algorithms Dispersion Fluorescence spectroscopy Reflection Refractive index Resonance

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DETERMINING THE REFRACTIVE-INDEX AND THICKNESS OF THIN-FILMS FROM PRISM COUPLER MEASUREMENTS

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APPLIED OPTICS 1981年第12期20卷 2085-2089页

作者： KIRSCH, ST MIT DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI CAMBRIDGE MA 02139 USA MIT ELECTR RES LAB CAMBRIDGE MA 02139 USA

A simple method of determining thin film parameters from mode indices measured using a prism coupler is described. The problem is reduced to doing two least squares straight line fits through measured mode indices vs effective mode number. The slope and y intercept of the line are simply related to the thickness and refractive index of film, respectively. The approach takes into account the correlation between as well as the uncertainty in the individual measurements from all sources of error to give precise error tolerances on the best fit values. Due to the precision of the tolerances, anisotropic films can be identified and characterized.

关键词： Anisotropy assignment algorithms Laser beams Metrological instrumentation Refractive index Thin films

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ENERGY-LEVELS OF 1ST SPECTRUM OF CURIUM, CMI

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JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 1976年第2期66卷 109-121页

作者： WORDEN, EF CONWAY, JG UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE LIVERMORE LABLIVERMORECA 94550 UNIV CALIF LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABBERKELEYCA 94720

The curium spectrum emitted by electrodeless lamps was observed from 2400 to 11500 Å and the wavelengths of over 13 250 lines were accurately *** effect and spectrum-assignment plates were photographed from 2400 to 9000Å. From data obtained on the spectrum-assignment plates, over 6800 lineswere assigned to Cm i and over 4050 lines were assigned to the Cm ii spectrum. The analysis of the Cm i spectrum hasproduced 335 odd levels and 348 even levels that combine to classify over 5025Cm lines. Only the energy levels are presented here. The Landé g valuesof most levels have been obtained from the Zeeman effect data and isotope shiftswere determined for many levels. These data were useful in the assignment oflevels to electronic configurations of Cm i . The ground configurationof Cm i is [Rn]5 f 7 6 d 7 s 2 and the lowest level ofthe[Rn]5 f 8 7 s 2 configuration is only 1214 cm −1 above the ground level.

关键词： assignment algorithms Emission Isotope shifts Light sources Near infrared radiation Zeeman effect

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Signaling and capacity assignment for mesh-based restoration schemes in opticalnetworks

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Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 2002年第5期1卷 188-205页

作者： Gokhan Sahin Suresh Subramaniam Murat Azizoglu University of Washington George Washington University Sycamore Networks

We consider optical networks that use path restoration to restore lightpathsin the event of link failures. We present capacity-assignment algorithms andsignaling protocols for various design options and evaluate their performance interms of capacity efficiency, restoration speed, and proportion of connections thatcan be restored successfully. Results show that, with preplanning, methods thatshare restoration capacity can provide rapid restoration while providing significantcapacity savings (as much as 40%) over methods with dedicated capacity. Methods withfailure-dependent (FD) restoration paths and wavelengths provide significantcapacity savings over methods with failure-independent (FI) paths and ***, this comes at a cost of considerably higher restoration time as well as anincreased fault-monitoring requirement. The wavelength-continuity requirement favorsmethods with preplanning over methods with dynamic wavelength assignment (DWA) afterthe failure. Increasing capacity does not compensate for lack of preplanning, whichmakes DWA appropriate only as a secondary restoration mechanism (e.g., best effort).Overall, preplanned FI restoration offers a good compromise between capacityefficiency, failure recovery time, and implementation complexity.

关键词： assignment algorithms Network restoration Optical networks Ring networks Routing algorithms Wavelength assignment

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Wavelength assignment for partially transparent networks with reach constraints

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Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 2003年第8期2卷 285-302页

作者： Krishnan Kumaran Carl Nuzman Indra Widjaja ExxonMobil Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies

We propose a class of distributed, online wavelength-assignment algorithms foroptical networks that take reach constraints into account. Given a desired route,the goal of the assignment algorithm is to find a low-cost sequence of unoccupiedwavelength channels along the route. The sequence must satisfy constraints thatinvolve the availability of wavelength converters, regenerators, and reachlimitations. The proposed class of algorithms use least-cost computations inauxiliary graphs. The graph structure enforces the constraints, while costs may beassigned to the graph to represent the cost of network resources. In particular,graph weights can be chosen to perform load-balancing of regenerator and fiberresources. Simulations of the algorithm in ring and mesh networks demonstrate theeffectiveness of the load-balancing approach.

关键词： assignment algorithms Network topology Optical networks Optical signals Ring networks Wavelength assignment

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