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Morphometric analysis of atypical glandular cells correctly classifies normal, reactive, and atypical cells in cervical smears

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DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY 2020年第1期48卷 10-16页

作者： Vicari, Marco Guidobaldi, Leo Perrella, Eleonora Bianchi, Antonella Ferrari, Simona Martucci, Mariarosaria Petitti, Tommasangelo Rabitti, Carla Crescenzi, Anna Univ Hosp Campus Biomed Rome Pathol Unit Rome Italy Sandro Pertini Hosp Microbiol & Virol Unit Cytodiagnost Serv Rome Italy Campus Biomed Univ Hyg Publ Hlth & Stat Res Unit Rome Italy

The 2014 Bethesda System diagnostic criteria for atypical glandular cells (AGC) aid in the classification of atypical cells in cervical cytology. Anyway, AGC diagnosis remains challenging, due to low frequencies of this finding (approximately 0.5%-1% of Pap test results), abundance of AGC mimics, and significant interobserver variability. We developed an algorithm based on nuclear areas parameter that can help to differentiate AGC from Normal and Reactive glandular cells. Nuclear areas and perimeters were measured on 16 Pap smears with AGC and 18 with Reactive glandular cells of women aged between 30 and 77. Glandular cells from nonpathological Pap smears were used as controls. For each case, the means, medians, standard deviations, and the minimum and maximum values of both nuclear areas and perimeters of the cells of interest were calculated. The nuclear area analysis showed a 100% specificity in discriminating Normal from Altered cells (either Reactive or AGC), whereas the nuclear perimeter analysis showed a lower specificity (87.5%). Both nuclear area and perimeter variability analysis resulted in high specificity values in distinguishing Reactive cells from AGC. Therefore, a stepwise two-step algorithm using nuclear areas to discriminate Normal from Altered cells, and nuclear area variability to distinguish Reactive from AGC, allowed us to reliably classify the cells into these three categories. The morphometric analysis of nuclear area is a valuable and reliable aid in AGC diagnosis and standardization, easily integrable into common automatic algorithms.

关键词： AGC automatic algorithm interobserver variability morphometry pap test

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algorithm FOR SEMIautomatic SORTING OF OBJECTS TO SPECIFIED TISSUE DOMAINS - AN AID FOR COORDINATING MORPHOMETRIC DATA WITH IDENTIFIED TISSUE-COMPONENTS

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JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS 1993年第3期46卷 217-224页

作者： SIKLOS, L KUHNT, U MAX PLANCK INST BIOPHYS & CHEM DEPT NEUROBIOL W-3400 GOTTINGEN GERMANY

A personal computer-based technique was developed that reduces the extent of human efforts in obtaining data, like numerical density of profiles on area, describing the distribution of specific features of histological sections, e.g., density of synaptic profiles or of histochemical reaction products in specified tissue compartments. The procedure consists of (i) marking the objects to be counted, (ii) recording the borderlines of (reference) tissue domains of interest, and (iii) allocating the marked objects to the corresponding domains automatically. This automatic sorting of objects into defined tissue domains is achieved by an algorithm operating on two sets of coordinates: (i) coordinates of points that constitute the boundary of tissue domains (perimeter points) and (ii) coordinates of points marking the particular objects to be sorted. The principle of the sorting calculation is to construct 'segments' of the loop by lines parallel to the ordinate which pass through neighbouring perimeter points. The 'items' to be sorted are classified by the sign of marker flags allocated to each point depending on which side of the perimeter segment they are located. Segmentation and classification procedures are sequentially repeated along the entire perimeter of each domain specified by the operator which may result during the procedure in multiple changes of the sign of the flags. The internal or external location of each item finally is represented by the last sign of its flag. Objects, allocated to domains can be counted and processed further for numerical density determination.

关键词： NUMERICAL DENSITY ON AREA CLOSED CURVE POINT RECOGNITION automatic algorithm QUANTITATIVE HISTOCHEMISTRY MORPHOMETRY

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Using automated, high-precision repicking to improve delineation of microseismic structures at the Soultz geothermal reservoir

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PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS 2002年第1-3期159卷 563-596页

作者： Rowe, CA Aster, RC Phillips, WS Jones, RH Borchers, B Fehler, MC New Mexico Inst Min & Technol Dept Earth & Environm Sci Socorro NM 87801 USA Los Alamos Natl Lab Los Alamos NM 87545 USA ABB Offshore Syst Ltd Penryn T10 9DU Cornwall England New Mexico Inst Min & Technol Dept Math Socorro NM 87801 USA

An automatic, adaptive, correlation-based algorithm for adjusting phase picks in large digital seismic data sets provides significant improvement in resolution of microseismic structures using only a small fraction of the time and manpower which would be required to re-analyze waveforms manually or semi-automatically. We apply this technique to induced seismicity at the Soultz-sous-Forets geothermal site, France. The method is first applied to a small, previously manually repicked subset of the catalogue so that we may compare our results to those obtained from painstaking, visual, cross-correlation-based techniques. Relative centroid-adjusted hypocenters show a decrease in median mislocation from 31 to 7 m for preliminary and automatically adjusted picks, respectively, compared to the manual results. Narrow, intersecting joint features not observed in the preliminary hypocenter cloud, but revealed through manual repicking, are also recovered using the automatic method. We then address a larger catalogue of similar to7000 microearthquakes. After relocating the events using automatic repicks, the percentage of events clustering within 5 m of their nearest neighbor increases form 5 to 26% of the catalogue. Hypocenter relocations delineate narrow, linear features previously obscured within the seismic cloud, interpreted as faults or fractures which may correspond to fluid propagation paths, or to changes in stress as a result of elevated pore pressures. RMS travel-time residuals for the larger data set are reduced by only 0.2%;however, phase-pick biases in the preliminary catalogue have influenced both the velocity model and station correction calculations, which will affect location residuals. These pick biases are apparent on the adjusted, stacked waveforms and correcting them will be important prior to future velocity model refinements.

关键词： cross correlation phase repicking automatic algorithm precise relocation microearthquakes

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Fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm for image data based on the extracted feature intervals

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GRANULAR COMPUTING 2023年第6期8卷 2067-2081页

作者： Le, Kim-Ngoc T. Nguyenthihong, Dan Vovan, Tai Sungkyunkwan Univ Dept AI Syst Engn Suwon South Korea Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol HCMUT Fac Sci Appl Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Vietnam Natl Univ Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Can Tho Univ Coll Nat Sci Can Tho City Vietnam

Cluster analysis is a crucial issue in multivariate statistics and data science due to its application in various fields. This study proposes a cutting-edge clustering algorithm for image data with important improvements. First, we extract the texture features from each image and represent them as two-dimensional intervals, which serve as effective input data for recognizing similarities between images. Subsequently, we introduce a measure called overlap distance for evaluating the similarity between intervals in multi-dimensional cases. Furthermore, the study develops an automatic fuzzy clustering algorithm specifically designed for images. This algorithm addresses multiple challenges simultaneously, including determining the appropriate number of clusters, identifying specific elements within clusters, and estimating the probability of each element belonging to clusters. In addition, the study implements a Matlab program to test the effectiveness and practical applications of the proposed algorithm. The results obtained from the proposed algorithm outperform those of current methods when applied to datasets with variations in the number of elements, fields, and characteristics of images.

关键词： automatic algorithm Image data Interval data Fuzzy clustering

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Robust and effective automatic parameter choice for medical image filtering.

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COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-IMAGING AND VISUALIZATION 2020年第2期8卷 152-168页

作者： Joao, Ana Gambaruto, Alberto Pereira, Ricardo Sequeira, Adelia Univ Tecn Lisboa Inst Super Tecn Dept Matemat Lisbon Portugal Univ Tecn Lisboa Inst Super Tecn CEMAT IST Lisbon Portugal Univ Bristol Dept Mech Engn Queens Bldg Bristol BS8 1TR Avon England Univ Coimbra Coimbra Univ Hosp Ctr Fac Med Dept Neurosurg Coimbra Portugal

The analysis of medical image data currently requires the interpretation of a trained and experienced user. The technological advances in imaging machinery and the understanding of disease onset, as well as medical planning, all favour the need for ever more automatic and robust methods for evaluating the health state of a subject. Here, we concentrate on methods for processing medical image data, as currently provided by existing imaging technologies, in particular the effectiveness of automatic image filtering in order to remove noise and improve the sharpness of distinct objects. The filtering approach is based on a partial differential equation, namely the Perona-Malik anisotropic diffusion equation. The approach adopted for terminating the iterative filtering procedure is based on image quality descriptors. In specific, we observe the rate of change of these to infer the transient effects of the filtering process. The entire pipeline is demonstrated to work effectively on different sets of medical image data, including MRI, CTA and CT, both in individual 2-D images in a stack, as well as treating the complete 3D volumetric dataset.

关键词： Medical imaging processing image quality Perona-Malik filtering automatic algorithm object segmentation

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Fast technetium 99m-labeled sestamibi gated single-photon emission computed tomography for evaluation of myocardial function

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JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY 1996年第2期3卷 143-149页

作者： Mazzanti, M Germano, G Kiat, H Friedman, J Berman, DS CEDARS SINAI MED CTR DEPT MEDDIV CARDIOLLOS ANGELESCA 90048 CEDARS SINAI MED CTR DEPT IMAGINGDIV NUCL MEDLOS ANGELESCA 90048 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES SCH MEDDEPT MED & RADIOL SCILOS ANGELESCA

Background. This study assesses the feasibility of Tc-99m-labeled sestamibi electrocardiographic gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with a short acquisition time (6.7 minutes, ''fast'' gated SPECT) for the evaluation of stress myocardial perfusion and poststress myocardial function. Simultaneous assessment of stress perfusion and poststress function is possible with standard gated SPECT acquisition (19.3 minutes) of stress-injected sestamibi. Sestamibi gated SPECT can be used to evaluate regional wall motion (PWM), thickening, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF);the feasibility of fast gated SPECT has not been evaluated previously. Methods and Results. Fifty patients were studied who underwent treadmill exercise, sestamibi injection (25 to 30 mCi), and standard gated SPECT 15 minutes after exercise, immediately followed by fast gated SPECT. All patients underwent rest (TI)-T-201 SPECT before exercise testing. All studies were analyzed by semiquantitative visual scoring. Both standard and fast gated SPECT were read for stress perfusion and poststress wall motion and thickening, dividing the left ventricle into 20 segments, on a 5-point scale described previously. The measurement of LVEF used a previously described automatic algorithm. Average myocardial counts per pixel were 58 +/- 19 for standard gated SPECT and 13 +/- 4 for fast gated SPECT (p = 0.0001). Heart/lung ratio was 10.2 +/- 4.8 for regular gated SPECT and 10.3 +/- 5.7 for fast gated SPECT (difference not significant). Perfusion analysis showed exact agreement in 92% of the segments (kappa = 0.76;p < 0.01). Correlation between LVEFs measured from standard and fast gated SPECT was 0.94. Analysis of 998 segments (two segments were uninterpretable) showed exact agreement in 96% (kappa = 0.89;p < 0.001) for RWM and 94% (kappa = 0.83;p < 0.001) for thickening between standard and fast gated SPECT. In 225 segments with abnormal RWM and 189 segments with abnormal thickening by both

关键词： gated myocardial perfusion SPECT rapid imaging automatic algorithm

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Using an automated emboli detection device in a porcine cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model:: Feasibility and considerations

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SCANDINAVIAN CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL 2007年第6期41卷 411-415页

作者： Schnuerer, Christian Gyoeri, Georg Hager, Martina Jeller, Anton Moser, Patrizia L. Velik-Salchner, Corinna Laufer, Guenther Lorenz, Ingo H. Kolbitsch, Christian Innsbruck Med Univ Dept Cardiac Surg Innsbruck Austria Innsbruck Med Univ Dept Anaesthesia & Intens Care Med Innsbruck Austria Innsbruck Med Univ Dept Pathol Innsbruck Austria

The significant risk of cerebral embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) makes monitoring of embolic events advisable already when developing new operation and coagulation management strategies for example in CPB animal models. The present study therefore evaluated in a porcine CPB model the feasibility of bilateral epicarotid Doppler signal recording and the quality of manual or automatic emboli detection. A total of 42 recordings (e.g. right carotid artery (n = 20), left carotid artery (n = 22)) were evaluated. The frequency of emboli counts was comparable for both carotid arteries. automatic emboli detection, however, found significantly more embolic events per pig than did post-hoc manual off-line analysis of the recordings (172 +/- 217 vs. 13 +/- 10). None of the brains, however, showed any emboli or infarction area either in cross-examination or in histological evaluation. In conclusion, the present study showed the feasibility of using an epicarotid Doppler device for bilateral emboli detection in a porcine CPB model. automatic on-line emboli detection, however, reported more embolic events than did post hoc, off-line manual analysis. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

关键词： emboli detection automatic algorithm manual porcine cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model

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Range-Doppler Domain Signal Processing to Mitigate Wind Turbine Clutter

Range-Doppler Domain Signal Processing to Mitigate Wind Turb...

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IEEE Radar Conference (RADAR)

作者： Nai, Feng Palmer, Robert D. Torres, Sebastian M. Univ Oklahoma Atmospher Radar Res Ctr Norman OK 73072 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424489022

Wind turbines produce clutter signals that can bias estimates of the spectral moments and polarimetric variables of weather signals. These biases can propagate to and negatively influence the output of automatic algorithms, such as severe weather detection and quantitative precipitation estimates. Moreover, existing ground clutter filters are ineffective at removing wind turbine clutter (WTC) contamination because the moving components of the wind turbine produce clutter signals with non-zero Doppler frequency shifts. As the first step in any mitigation scheme, an automatic WTC detection algorithm is necessary and was recently developed by University of Oklahoma and National Severe Storm Laboratory scientists. After successfully detecting the presence of WTC, the goal is to devise signal processing algorithms that mitigate this contamination so that the weather signal can be recovered and used to estimate the spectral moments and polarimetric variables. However, WTC is inherently non-stationary due to the moving wind turbine blades, which makes frequency-domain-filtering based clutter mitigation methods ineffective. In this work, we propose a new signal processing technique to separate the WTC from the weather signal in the range-Doppler domain. This technique exploits the different spatial and spectral characteristics of WTC and weather signals. Real weather signals and WTC data are used to test the effectiveness of the mitigation scheme.

关键词： Clutter Contamination Doppler radar Logic gates Meteorology Pixel Radar Wind turbines atmospheric precipitation automatic algorithm blades clutter mitigation method contamination filtering theory frequency-domain-filtering geophysical signal processing gr

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Adaptive beamforming with automatic diagonal loading in medical ultrasound imaging 25

Adaptive beamforming with automatic diagonal loading in medi...

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25th Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering / 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)

作者： Salari, Ali Asl, Babak Mohammadzadeh Tarbiat Modares Univ Dept Biomed Engn Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781538679524

In medical ultrasound imaging, the most famous adaptive beamforming algorithm is the minimum variance (MV). Diagonal loading (DL) method is usually used to improve the robustness of the MV. Conventional DL methods have a critical problem which is determining the loading factor ignoring the input data. To address this problem, in this paper, using the shrinkage algorithm is proposed in which the loading coefficient is completely automated and determined by the input data. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by simulated ultrasound data in Field II. In point targets simulation, it has been shown that the proposed method improves the resolution about 87% and 20%, compared to delay and sum (DAS) and MV algorithms (with a fixed loading coefficient of), respectively. In addition, in anechoic cyst simulation, the contrast and relative contrast of the proposed method has been retained, in comparison to those of the MV beamformer, while they are improved about 5% and 18%, in comparison to the DAS ones, respectively.

关键词： Medical ultrasound imaging minimum variance beamformer diagonal loading coefflcient automatic algorithm

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Estimation of the object depth accurately with GPR

Estimation of the object depth accurately with GPR

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2002)/24th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing

作者： Zhang, AX Jiang, YS Wang, WB Xian Jiaotong Univ Microwave & Opt Commun Lab Xian 710049 Peoples R China

In this paper, we propose an automatic algorithm for estimating objects depth using f-k migration and velocity scanning method for the homogeneous medium. Experimental results show that the relative estimating error o... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)078037536X

关键词： geophysical techniques terrestrial electricity buried object detection ground penetrating radar remote sensing by radar terrain mapping radar theory geophysical signal processing radar signal processing geophysical measurement technique land surface terrain mapping buried object detection depth estimation terrestrial electricity geoelectric method EM induction GPR ground penetrating radar radar remote sensing automatic algorithm objects depth f-k migration velocity scanning homogeneous medium estimating error

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