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automatic control system for Maize Threshing Concave Clearance Based on Entrainment Loss Monitoring

PROCESSES 2025年第1期13卷 58-58页

作者： Yu, Yang Cheng, Yi Fan, Chenlong Chen, Liyuan Wu, Qinhao Qiao, Mengmeng Zhou, Xin Jiangsu Univ Coll Agr Engn Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Jiangsu Univ Key Lab Theory & Technol Intelligent Agr Machinery Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Changzhou Changfa Heavy Ind Technol Co Ltd Changzhou 213167 Peoples R China Nanjing Forestry Univ Coll Mech & Elect Engn Nanjing 210037 Peoples R China

Complex harvesting environments and varying crop conditions often lead to threshing cylinder blockage and increased entrainment loss in maize grain harvesters. To address these issues, an electric-driven automatic control system for maize threshing concave clearance based on real-time entrainment loss monitoring was developed. The system automatically adjusts concave clearance parameters at different harvesting speeds to maintain grain entrainment loss within an optimal range. First, an adjustable concave structure based on a crank-link mechanism was designed, with a threshing clearance adjustment range of 15-47 mm and motor rotation angle of 0-48 degrees. Subsequently, an EDEM simulation model of the mixed material discharge inside the threshing cylinder was established to determine the optimal installation position of the entrainment loss monitoring sensor based on piezoelectric ceramic-sensitive elements. The sensor was positioned at the left tail end of the concave sieve, with a minimum distance of 58 mm between the sensitive plate centerline and threshing concave sieve and an installation angle of 65 degrees relative to the horizontal plane. A maize threshing clearance control method based on fuzzy neural network PID control algorithm was proposed, and Simulink simulation optimization verified its superior performance with fast response speed. After system integration, field trials were conducted at low, medium, and high operating speeds with preset ideal entrainment loss intervals. The results showed that control was unnecessary at low speed, the control system-maintained entrainment loss within set range at medium speed, and maximum threshing clearance was needed at high speed. Finally, comparative trials of threshing performance with and without the control system were conducted at medium harvesting speed. Results showed that the entrainment loss rate decreased by 43.75% with the control system activated, significantly reducing maize threshing entrainment lo

关键词： maize harvester threshing cylinder concave clearance entrainment loss automatic control system

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automatic control system for Thermal State of Reverberatory Furnaces in Production of Nickel Alloys

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METALLURGIST 2022年第1-2期66卷 104-116页

作者： Cabascango, V. E. Quiroz Bazhin, V. Yu. Martynov, S. A. Pardo, F. R. Ojeda St Petersburg Min Univ St Petersburg Russia Higher Polytech Sch Chimborazo Riobamba Ecuador

The paper describes the development of an automated digital system for monitoring and controlling the thermal regime of gas reverberatory furnaces for fire refining of nickel based on a mathematical model, which accounts for the control of medium-pressure burners. The specific features of the fuel combustion process and accompanying chemical reactions are considered;the chemical composition of the combustion products are analyzed for three different chemical compositions of natural gas;a mathematical modeling of the temperature field distribution is performed;the factors affecting the stability of the combustion process are considered;an algorithm has been developed to optimize the operation of the reverberatory furnace burners. New data were obtained regarding the chemical composition of the combustion products at various content ratios of natural gas and air in the temperature range from 94 degrees C to 316 degrees C. The thermal efficiency of the reverberatory furnace was calculated during the production of nickel alloys. The analytical results were used to derive the dependences of the temperature field distribution on the chemical composition of natural gas, which are necessary for creating an automatic control system for operating a reverberatory furnace based on the optimized control of the air-to-natural gas content ratio at a varying chemical composition of natural gas.

关键词： algorithm control nickel optimization reverberatory furnaces natural gas nickel production composition of exhaust gases automatic control system mathematical modeling optimal control thermal regime of a gas reverberatory furnace

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Synthesis of an automatic control system for a voltage inverter as part of an autonomous power supply system with a hydrogen module

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 2024年 86卷 742-750页

作者： Vavilov, O. A. Yurkevich, V. D. Korobkov, D. V. Novosibirsk State Tech Univ Novosibirsk Russia

This paper examines the problem of synthesizing a two-loop control system for a three-phase voltage source inverter designed for an autonomous power supply system. This type of DC/AC converters is an essential part of power supply systems with renewable energy sources as primary sources, and, accordingly, must corresponds to the requirements for the electric power quality. These requirements are met through circuit design solutions, as well as through the construction of high-precision automatic control systems. The system integrates: a hydrogen electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage system, and a hydrogen fuel cell. The paper proposes a method for calculating the parameters of PI controllers with resonant components, based on the time-scale separation method and allowing independent adjustment of the controller components. The introduction of a resonant component ensures high tracking accuracy for a desired main voltage harmonic and selective suppression of external harmonic influences. The proposed approach allows to synthesize an automatic control system that significantly improves the quality of the voltage inverter output parameters.

关键词： Hydrogen Hydrogen storage Electrolyzer Renewable energy sources Hybrid power supply systems Voltage source inverter automatic control system Time-scale separation method PI controller Resonant controller

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automatic control system of Balancing Agricultural Stereo Cultivation Based on Wireless Sensors

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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2021年第16期21卷 17517-17524页

作者： Liu, Lei Hua, Shan Lai, Qixian Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci Inst Rural Dev Hangzhou 310021 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci Inst Agr Equipment Hangzhou 310021 Zhejiang Peoples R China

As a new development direction in the field of information science, wireless sensor network (WSN) has attracted wide attention of academia and industry with its huge application prospect. This research mainly discusses the automatic control system of balcony agriculture stereoscopic cultivation based on wireless sensor network. With the application background of environmental monitoring of protected cultivation, this paper analyzes the specific requirements of plant protected cultivation, and designs the overall scheme of wireless sensor network system with temperature, humidity and light as detection parameters. In this paper, a distance based routing algorithm is designed to realize the networking of wireless sensor networks, and the network simulation is carried out with TOSSIM. Aiming at the problem of packet loss in wireless network data transmission, this paper analyzes the operation mechanism and message structure of TinyOS operating system, and designs MAC protocol based on network synchronization to ensure reliable data transmission. The experimental results show that when the communication distance is 230 m, the two nodes can carry out normal data transmission;when the communication distance is less than 310 m, the bit error rate is very small;when the distance is more than 360 m, the bit error rate is significantly improved;when the distance is more than 400 m, the bit error rate is 100%. It can be seen that wireless sensor network can bring greater convenience to the acquisition of agricultural information, and it is of great significance to extend the application of wireless sensor network to the field of agricultural automation.

关键词： Sensors Wireless sensor networks Routing Agriculture Zigbee Data communication Temperature sensors Wireless sensor automatic control system agricultural automation routing algorithm simulation experiment analysis

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Design and evaluation of an automatic control system for hydroponics cultivation of mint

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CURRENT SCIENCE 2024年第11期127卷 1335-1343页

作者： Satpute, Ajay N. Patel, N. Mishra, A. K. Singh, D. K. Chinnusamy, Viswanathan Varghese, Cini Indian Grassland & Fodder Res Inst ICAR Jhansi 284003 Uttar Pradesh India Natl Inst Transforming India New Delhi 110001 India Indian Agr Res Inst ICAR Div Agr Engn New Delhi 110012 India Indian Agr Res Inst ICAR Div Plant Physiol New Delhi 110012 India Indian Agr Res Inst ICAR New Delhi 110002 India

Hydroponics is emerging as a beneficial technique to augment food production in which the quality and yield of a crop are improved by accurately maintaining the desired electrical conductivity (EC), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the nutrient solution. This article describes the development of an automatic control system for mint cultivation in hydroponics that consists of EC, pH, and DO sensors which continuously monitor the respective parameters and control their value in nutrient solution with the help of microcontroller and actuators. The developed system maintained the EC, pH and DO of the nutrient solution within their desired limits of 2.0-2.5 dS m(-1), 6.0-6.5 and above 8 ppm respectively. The plant height, average leaf area per plant and total chlorophyll content of the mint plants varied between 18.9-20.3 cm, 15.69-18.45 cm(2) and 23-30 (SPAD units) respectively. The results of this study emphasize the system's effectiveness in monitoring and controlling the parameters of the nutrient solution thereby maintaining favourable growth conditions in the hydroponic cultivation of mint.

关键词： automatic control system hydroponics nutrient solution sensors

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Onboard Neuro-Fuzzy Adaptive Helicopter Turboshaft Engine automatic control system

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ENERGIES 2024年第16期17卷 4195页

作者： Vladov, Serhii Bulakh, Maryna Vysotska, Victoria Yakovliev, Ruslan Kharkiv Natl Univ Internal Affairs Kremenchuk Flight Coll 17-6 Peremohy St UA-39605 Kremenchuk Ukraine Rzeszow Univ Technol Fac Mech & Technol Dept Ind Proc Computerizat & Robotizat 4 Kwiatkowskiego St PL-37450 Stalowa Wola Poland Lviv Polytech Natl Univ Informat Syst & Networks Dept 12 Bandera St UA-79013 Lvov Ukraine Osnabruck Univ Inst Comp Sci 1 Friedrich Janssen St D-49076 Osnabruck Germany

A modified onboard neuro-fuzzy adaptive (NFA) helicopter turboshaft engine (HTE) automatic control system (ACS) is proposed, which is based on a circuit consisting of a research object, a regulator, an emulator, a compensator, and an observer unit. In this scheme, it is proposed to use the proposed AFNN six-layer hybrid neuro-fuzzy network (NFN) with Sugeno fuzzy inference and a Gaussian membership function for fuzzy variables, which makes it possible to reduce the HTE fuel consumption parameter transient process regulation time by 15.0 times compared with the use of a traditional system automatic control (clear control), 17.5 times compared with the use of a fuzzy ACS (fuzzy control), and 11.25 times compared with the use of a neuro-fuzzy reconfigured ACS based on an ANFIS five-layer hybrid NFN. By applying the Lyapunov method as a criterion, its system stability is proven at any time, with the exception of the initial time, since at the initial time the system is in an equilibrium state. The use of the six-layer ANFF NFN made it possible to reduce the I and II types of error in the HTE fuel consumption controlling task by 1.36 & mldr;2.06 times compared with the five-layer ANFIS NFN. This work also proposes an AFNN six-layer hybrid NFN training algorithm, which, due to adaptive elements, allows one to change its parameters and settings in real time based on changing conditions or external influences and, as a result, achieve an accuracy of up to 99.98% in the HTE fuel consumption controlling task and reduce losses to 0.2%.

关键词： helicopters turboshaft engines automatic control system neuro-fuzzy network bell-shaped membership function ANFF ANFIS fuel consumption transient process

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Design and Simulation of an Audio Signal Alerting and automatic control system

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Communications and Network 2023年第4期15卷 98-119页

作者： Winfred Adjardjah John Awuah Addor Wisdom Opare Isaac Mensah Ayipeh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana Department of Mathematics Statistics and Actuarial Science Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana

A large part of our daily lives is spent with audio information. Massive obstacles are frequently presented by the colossal amounts of acoustic information and the incredibly quick processing times. This results in the need for applications and methodologies that are capable of automatically analyzing these contents. These technologies can be applied in automatic contentanalysis and emergency response systems. Breaks in manual communication usually occur in emergencies leading to accidents and equipment damage. The audio signal does a good job by sending a signal underground, which warrants action from an emergency management team at the surface. This paper, therefore, seeks to design and simulate an audio signal alerting and automatic control system using Unity Pro XL to substitute manual communication of emergencies and manual control of equipment. Sound data were trained using the neural network technique of machine learning. The metrics used are Fast Fourier transform magnitude, zero crossing rate, root mean square, and percentage error. Sounds were detected with an error of approximately 17%;thus, the system can detect sounds with an accuracy of 83%. With more data training, the system can detect sounds with minimal or no error. The paper, therefore, has critical policy implications about communication, safety, and health for underground mine.

关键词： Emergency Response Emergency Management Team Audio Signal Alerting automatic control system Uni Pro XL Manual Communication Fast Fourier Transform Magnitude Zero Crossing Rate Root Means Square

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Dynamic Optimization of Robot automatic control system Based on Differential Algebraic Equations

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND NONLINEAR SCIENCES 2023年第1期8卷 3149-3158页

作者： Wang, Shulei Lu, Shiting Changzhou Inst Technol Sch Automot Engn Changzhou 213032 Peoples R China

In order to understand the different performances of robots under different control systems, the author has carried out dynamic optimization research on the control system of robots combined with differential algebraic equations. In this study, the general form of the discrete differential-algebraic equation (DAE) optimization problem using the Orthogonal Configuration of Finite Element (OCFE) method is deeply analyzed, and the equivalent conditions of the direct discrete scheme and the indirect discrete scheme are obtained through rigorous proof. On this basis, a variety of common configuration methods are simulated and analyzed, and it is found that indirect Lobatto configuration can achieve better results in many aspects. The results show that the discrete algorithm using differential algebraic equations can effectively achieve dynamic optimization of the control system, thus achieving the author's research purpose.

关键词： Differential algebraic equation robot automatic control system dynamic optimization

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Existence of periodic modes in automatic control system with a three-position relay

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF control 2020年第4期93卷 763-770页

作者： Kamachkin, Alexander M. Potapov, Dmitriy K. Yevstafyeva, Victoria V. St Petersburg State Univ Dept Higher Math St Petersburg Russia

We consider an automatic control system with a three-position relay of hysteresis type and a continuous periodic external disturbance. The purpose of the paper is to define the values of the system parameters at which periodic modes exist. A theorem on the existence of periodic solutions is proved. We provide an application with a numerical example to support the theorem.

关键词： automatic control system three-position relay hysteresis periodic external disturbance periodic solutions

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Analysis of an automatic control system based on Linear controllers and MPC controller

Analysis of an Automatic Control System based on Linear Cont...

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International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM)

作者： Lin Jiayu Xie Zongchou Yang Jiahao Gartlib, E. South Ural State Univ Dept Mechatron & Automat Chelyabinsk Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781728145907

ISBN: (纸本)9781728145907

Currently, most industrial projects use simple linear controllers to control systems. Such controllers cannot provide flexible control of variables. In turn, intelligent control systems have more advantages than linear controllers. The complex mathematical apparatus technique of intelligent systems limits their use in industry. In this article, the comparison of automatic control systems for an objects with self-adjusting based on PI (Proportional Integral) controller, PID (Proportional Integral Differential) controller and MPC (Model predictive) controller are considered. During the research, the control object was described by the second-order transfer function. The advantages and characteristics of controllers are described. The parameters of linear controllers and MPC controller were determined based on the structure of the control object. A mathematical model is constructed using the application Matlab (fig. 3). Based on the mathematical model, step responses were obtained when a control activation (fig. 4) and various disturbing action (fig. 5, 6, 7). The quality and stability of system are analyzed by comparing the overshoots and response times of different step responses.

关键词： PI controller PID controller MPC controller automatic control system overshoot response time stability

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