We present a novel approach - Coherence Observation by Interference Noise (COIN) - for the measurement of coherence The method is based on analysis of the quantum interference fluctuations (noise) in the incoherent em...
详细信息
We present a novel approach - Coherence Observation by Interference Noise (COIN) - for the measurement of coherence The method is based on analysis of the quantum interference fluctuations (noise) in the incoherent emission from a medium, following the excitation by a pair of time delayed pulses with random relative phase. In addition to spectroscopical application, the new method is useful for the characterization of short pulses and their wavelength determination.
The authors show that if a given software end product is developed in accordance with the principles of strongly typed data constructs and structured programming, then the translation of such a software system into ot...
详细信息
The authors show that if a given software end product is developed in accordance with the principles of strongly typed data constructs and structured programming, then the translation of such a software system into other languages can be fully automated. For this purpose, an interactive computer-aided programming environment (CAPE) that supports a strongly typed, structured graphical descriptive language named CAPE was developed. Using this package, translation of CAPE programs to Fortran and Pascal languages is fully automatic. Furthermore, software development using this package enhances and simplifies programmer design methods and produces syntactically error-free Fortran and Pascal code.< >
The slow industrial take-up of formal methods is partly due to their high cost when considered on a per-system basis. Formal methods are best employed either on relatively small and strictly bounded sub-problems withi...
详细信息
The slow industrial take-up of formal methods is partly due to their high cost when considered on a per-system basis. Formal methods are best employed either on relatively small and strictly bounded sub-problems within a project, or on the qualification of components and tools that are used on successive projects. One class of tools that are becoming more commonly used are graphical specification editors that provide an automatic code generation facility. There are a number of advantages that arise if such tools are used for production quality code. Not least of these is the potential for reducing the risk and cost of software development, by reducing the potential for the introduction of errors, and increasing the speed with which software can be produced. The magnitude of these advantages is increased where the risk and cost of software production is higher, such as in the case of high-integrity systems development. In order to derive these benefits, it is vitally important to ensure that the generated code is functionally faithful to its specification. The British Aerospace Dependable Computing Systems Centre is looking at how formal techniques can be employed to ensure that an automatic code generator produces code that is faithful to its specification. The use of formal techniques is important to this process, since it is only through these that the high level of assurance required can be attained.
A high-order signal processing graph notation (PGN) has been developed to convert information contained on the signal processing block diagram to a tabular form that is used by a computer-based Automated Program Gener...
详细信息
A high-order signal processing graph notation (PGN) has been developed to convert information contained on the signal processing block diagram to a tabular form that is used by a computer-based Automated Program Generator. The Automated Program Generator (APG) uses the PGN input to generate the executable code/initial program load (IPL) for a realtime signal processor called the Functional Processing Element (FPE). PGN generation is a transfer of parameters on the block diagram such as filter length and decimation to the tabular form of PGN. The PGN representation of the block diagram can be generated directly by the signal processing analyst or system engineer. The APG produces the linkage code required to sequence and schedule the execution of the realtime signal processing functions. It automatically smooths the processor computation loading for multirate signal processing tasks and performs all memory mapping and management tasks.
The goal of result-verification is to prove that one execution run of a program satisfies its specification. Compared with implementation-verification, result-verification has a larger scope for applications in practi...
详细信息
The goal of result-verification is to prove that one execution run of a program satisfies its specification. Compared with implementation-verification, result-verification has a larger scope for applications in practice, gives more opportunities for automation and, based on the execution record not the implementation, is particularly suitable for complex systems. This paper proposes a technical framework to apply this technique in practice. We show how to write formal result-based specifications, how to generate a verifier program to check a given specification and to carry out result-verification according to the generated program. The execution result is written as a text file, the verifier is written in AWK (special-purpose language for text processing) and verification is done automatically by the AWK interpreter given the verifier and the execution result as inputs.
A multi-expert conducting system for robotics applications is presented. We identify two types of experts whose conducting approach is guided by specific objectives issued from the global application objectives. We pr...
详细信息
A multi-expert conducting system for robotics applications is presented. We identify two types of experts whose conducting approach is guided by specific objectives issued from the global application objectives. We present also the two types of dynamic planning relative to these two experts: replanning the task activation and reprogramming the machines actions. An exhaustive definition of the actions and of universe states of the replanning models is given. We then expose a method for building research spaces, related to the replanned plans and reprogrammed actions, based on the system of transitions equivalencies. We present our approach of replanning for correcting malfunction.
Lukasiewicz logic arrays (LLAs) are massively parallel analog computers organized as binary trees of identical processing elements performing either implication, negated implication, or both. The authors have designed...
详细信息
Lukasiewicz logic arrays (LLAs) are massively parallel analog computers organized as binary trees of identical processing elements performing either implication, negated implication, or both. The authors have designed and built working 31-cell CMOS VLSI LLA whose cells perform implication. They discuss the representation completeness of Lukasiewicz logic with respect to other multiple-valued logics; describe the architecture of the prototype LLA, its relationship to cellular automata and its VLSI implementation; show how the prototype LLA is programmed; and report on results obtained by programming the prototype LLA as a fuzzy function generator. Because LLAs have both an algebraic and a logical operational semantics, they can be used to implement approximate reasoning systems, including expert systems and neural networks.< >
Instead of developing user interfaces (UIs) directly, we argue for specifying an interaction design from which UIs can be automatically synthesized. We present an approach to using communicative acts in high-level spe...
详细信息
Instead of developing user interfaces (UIs) directly, we argue for specifying an interaction design from which UIs can be automatically synthesized. We present an approach to using communicative acts in high-level specification of interaction design, which is implemented and allows automated synthesis of interfaces for multiple devices. Communicative acts derive from speech act theory and carry desired intentions in interactions. Models of communicative acts, UI domain objects and interaction sequences comprise interaction design specifications in our approach and are based on a metamodel that we have defined. As a result, the usability of a synthesized user interface of a real-world application turned out to be good
An application of knowledge-based system techniques to the problem of developing acquisition strategies for government procurements is reported. The need for automated assistance in this area is examined, and reasons ...
详细信息
An application of knowledge-based system techniques to the problem of developing acquisition strategies for government procurements is reported. The need for automated assistance in this area is examined, and reasons why conventional programming techniques are inadequate are offered. The problem assessment is discussed, and the design and implementation of a prototype knowledge-based system is outlined. An evaluation of the system is presented.< >
暂无评论