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A GENERATOR PROGRAM FOR MODELS OF DISCRETE-EVENT SYSTEMS

SIMULATION 1981年第3期36卷 93-101页

作者： SUBRAHMANIAN, E CANNON, RL UNIV S CAROLINA DEPT COMP SCICOLUMBIASC 29208

Researchers in simulation methodology have been attempting to develop both theories of modelling and software tools to assist in applying those theories. Using results from system theory and automata theory, Oren and Zeigler have demonstrated the need for the design and development of software for modular con struction of models; manipulation, documentation, validation, and generation of simulation programs; and automatic verification of algorithms. We have implemented a software system based on their propo sals. The user describes the structure of the model in a well-defined language. At this time, our system supports only discrete-event models using a next- event strategy; a typical example is a queuing model of service at a bank. However, this simple system demonstrates the feasibility of a more complex system.

关键词： automatic programming computer-aided design computer-aided education discrete-event simulation languages program generators SIMSCRIPT

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NEW DEVELOPMENT METHOD OF OFFICE AUTOMATION-ORIENTED PBX

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 1985年第4期3卷 546-554页

作者： HASUI, K MORITA, S FUJII, Y ARITAKA, N Fujitsu Laboratories Limited Kawasaki Japan

This paper describes a new methodology for developing office automation-oriented private branch exchanges (OA-PBX). Business communications are closely related to the type of business, information used in the business, and the people working in that business environment. It is expected that business communications services, man-machine interfaces, and equipment will become significantly diversified and personalized compared to conventional telephone systems offering limited services. In the development of PBX's, which are expected to play a large role in the OA environment, how to rapidly and flexibly cope with diversified and personalized business communication needs must be considered. To precisely know the user's needs and to fully reflect them in products, it is necessary to introduce a new "quick-reaction" development methodology to replace conventional ones used for systems with limited services and long life cycles. This paper proposes the rapid prototyping of OA-PBX's and associated tools. A personal computer-based PBX prototype system with circuit/packet hybrid switching functions, which is used for evaluating system functions and services, is described. A new application-oriented specification language AIFLS (architecture independent formal language for switching service specification), and an automatic programming system APROC-1, which is a kind of expert system, are used for quickly and easily making software mock-ups of switching services and man-machine interfaces and are also presented here.

关键词： Business communication User interfaces Prototypes Telephony Switching circuits Packet switching Specification languages Computer architecture Formal languages automatic programming

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TOWARD automatic ROBOT INSTRUCTION FROM PERCEPTION - TEMPORAL SEGMENTATION OF TASKS FROM HUMAN HAND MOTION

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION 1995年第5期11卷 670-681页

作者： KANG, SB IKEUCHI, K CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV SCH COMP SCI PITTSBURGH PA 15213 USA

Our approach to program a robot is by direct human demonstration of the grasping task in front of the system. The system analyzes the stream of perceptual data measured during the human execution of the task and then produces commands to the robot system to replicate the observed task. In order to analyze the stream of perceptual data, it is easier to first segment this stream into meaningful and separate units for individual analysis. This paper describes work on the temporal segmentation of grasping task sequences based on human hand motion. The segmentation process results in the identification of motion breakpoints separating the different constituent phases of the grasping task. A grasping task is composed of three basic phases: pregrasp phase, static grasp phase, and manipulation phase. We show that by analyzing the fingertip polygon area (which is an indication of the hand preshape) and the speed of hand movement (which is an indication of the hand transportation), we can divide a task into meaningful action segments such as approach object (which corresponds to the pregrasp phase), grasp object, manipulate object, place object, and depart (a special case of the pregrasp phase which signals the termination of the task). We introduce a measure called the volume sweep rare, which is the product of the fingertip polygon area and the hand speed. The profile of this measure is also used in the determination of the task breakpoints. The temporal task segmentation process is important as it serves as a preprocessing step to the characterization of the task phases. Once the breakpoints have been identified, steps to recognize the grasp and extract the object motion can then be carried out.

关键词： Robotics and automation Humans Grasping automatic programming Robot programming Orbital robotics Education Educational robots Virtual reality Anthropometry

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FROM GOALS TO MANIPULATOR PROGRAMS

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COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY 1986年第3期7卷 263-273页

作者： GINI, M GINI, G UNIV MINNESOTA DEPT COMP SCIMINNEAPOLISMN 55455 POLITECN MILAN DEPT ELECTRI-20133 MILANITALY

An approach to robot programming that supports task-oriented specifications of manipulation activities is described. Plan formation and program generation methods are used to transform task specifications into executable programs for various robots. The plan formation runs on a database of knowledge about the world to produce the sequence of actions needed to execute the task. The program generation transforms the sequence of actions into an executable program employing knowlege about the robot and its control system. A preliminary system has been successfully implemented to create programs in a BASIC-like language for a cartesian robot without any sensor. The system operates in 2 stages: 1. transformation of declarative knowledge into procedural language producing a plan of actions, and 2. generation of a robot program in a specific programming language. The knowledge base is slight and only tasks related to block movements have been programmed.

关键词： Robot programming automatic programming Plan generation Knowledge bases

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The case for frame-based software engineering

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2007年第4期24卷 90-+页

作者： Bassett, Paul G. Cutter Consortium

A frame is an archetype—a model from which all similar things are made. Frame technology can synthesize any information structure (such as a program) from machine-adaptable frames. The author contrasts FT with object-oriented classes. By canonically defining each information structure in terms of its unique properties, frames avoid the complexities induced by code-level redundancies. Frames also solve the problem of how to regenerate domain-specific-language programs without destroying prior customizations. The article includes evidence of FT's efficacy, its impact on software's life cycle, elements of frame design, and an easy way to get started.

关键词： Object Oriented programming Software Reusability Software Engineering Frame Technology Generic Components Custom Information Structures Reuse Maximation Redundancy Minimization Software Life Cycle Software Engineering programming Profession Software Maintenance Redundancy Software Systems Software Quality Computer Industry Humans Statistics Organizing Reuse Models automatic programming Evolutionary programming Software Engineering Process

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automatic PROGRAM PARALLELIZATION

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1993年第2期81卷 211-243页

作者： BANERJEE, U EIGENMANN, R NICOLAU, A PADUA, DA UNIV ILLINOIS CTR SUPERCOMP RES & DEV URBANA IL 61801 USA UNIV ILLINOIS DEPT COMP SCI URBANA IL 61801 USA UNIV CALIF IRVINE DEPT INFORMAT & COMP SCI IRVINE CA 92717 USA

This paper presents an overview of automatic program parallelization techniques. It covers dependence analysis techniques, followed by a discussion of program transformations, including straight-line code parallelization, do loop transformations, and parallelization of recursive routines. The last section of the paper surveys several experimental studies on the effectiveness of parallelizing compilers.

关键词： automatic program parallelization techniques automatic programming dependence analysis techniques do-loop transformations parallel programming parallelizing compilers program compilers program transformations recursive routines straight-line code parallelization

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Development Status, Frontier Hotspots, and Technical Evaluations in the Field of AI Music Composition Since the 21st Century: A Systematic Review

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 89452-89466页

作者： Yang, Weijia Shen, Lin Huang, Chih-Fang Lee, Johee Zhao, Xian Shandong Xiehe Univ Coll Humanities Arts & Educ Jinan 250109 Peoples R China Shanghai Normal Univ Mus Coll Mus Technol Dept Shanghai 200234 Peoples R China Kainan Univ Dept Hlth & Mkt Taoyuan 33857 Taiwan Kyonggi Univ Dept Performance Mus Seoul 03746 South Korea Shanghai Normal Univ Film Televis & Commun Coll Shanghai 200234 Peoples R China

In recent years, "Artificial Intelligence (AI)" has become a focal point of discussion. AI music composition, an interdisciplinary field blending computer science and musicology, has emerged as a prominent area of research. Despite rapid advancements in AI music creation technology, there remains a dearth of comprehensive surveys addressing the core technologies within this domain. To address this gap, this study conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases spanning a 23-year period (2000-2023) on the topic of "AI music composition." Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standard for literature screening, the study systematically organized the development status, frontier hotspots, and technical evaluations of the field. Drawing from literature data, the study verified Price's Law, Lotka's Law, and Bradford's Law-three scientific productivity laws-while summarizing the current landscape from four perspectives: authors, organizations, countries, and journals. Subsequently, utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace, two technical software tools, the study conducted an in-depth analysis consisting of four steps: clustering, time zone, burst words, and high-frequency referenced literature. The study presented the evolution trajectory of frontiers and hotspots through visualization maps. Finally, building upon quantitative statistical insights, the study qualitatively expanded research efforts by organizing and evaluating the latest AI music generation algorithm technologies. The systematic literature analysis, both quantitative and qualitative, aims to furnish researchers and practitioners in related fields with systematic references.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Databases Bibliometrics Reviews Systematics Software tools Visualization Music automatic programming automatic music composition bibliometrics PRISMA

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INTERACTIVE X-RAY LABORATORY AUTOMATION UTILIZING MULTIUSER BASIC

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1975年第10期63卷 1426-1431页

作者： KELLY, CJ GAGLIARDI, CA FORD MOTOR CO SCI RES STAFFDEARBORNMI 48121

Automation of X-ray laboratory instruments has been achieved by combining commercially available automation hardware, X-ray units of various manufacturers, and a PDP-11 minicomputer. The automation provides simultaneous on-line control of up to ten separate X-ray instruments through user programs written in Lab-Basic which is the 1-8 User Basic software enlarged by the incorporation of three of additional capabilities, viz., routines to control automation hardware, commands making the programming easier, and mass-storage facility. The interactive nature of the hardware and of the software was dictated by the diverse types of analyses required in a general-purpose X-ray laboratory. The automation system provides the versatility needed for the various X-ray procedures by allowing the user to plan, debug, and execute the measurement, data reduction, and data presentation. Analytical procedures automated so far include the measurement of residual stress by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis of catalysts by X-ray fluorescence, and quantitative phase analysis of ceramic catalyst support material by X-ray diffraction. Extension to other methods is contemplated.

关键词： Laboratories Manufacturing automation Hardware Instruments automatic control X-ray diffraction Microcomputers automatic programming Stress measurement Phase measurement

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THE ROLES OF EXECUTION AND ANALYSIS IN ALGORITHM DESIGN

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1985年第11期11卷 1375-1386页

作者： STEIER, DM KANT, E SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RES PROFESS STAFFRIDGEFIELDCT 06877

The analysis and execution of partial algorithm descriptions is an important element of the algorithm design process. A language for representing partially designed algorithms and a process called developmental evaluation are described that can disclose useful knowledge to guide design. A system called DESIGNER is constructed that automatically designs algorithms. Developmental evaluation is compared to execution and analysis techniques used for testing complete programs and for validation of abstract specifications. Concepts similar to those found in developmental evaluation are thus shown to be applicable to all periods of the software life cycle. It is claimed that, in uncovering opportunities for refinement of a data-flow algorithm representation, developmental evaluation is the primary method guiding design in the absence of specific control knowledge.

关键词： Symbolic Execution Algorithm Design automatic programming Developmental Evaluation Meta Evaluation

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automatically Programmable Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Asymmetric Swelling of Bilayer Structures

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MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS 2018年第9期39卷 1800039-1800039页

作者： Tang, Junkun Zhou, Yan Wan, Liqiang Huang, Farong East China Univ Sci & Technol Minist Educ Key Lab Specially Funct Polymer Mat & Related Tec Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China

Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) possess the capability to change shapes upon stimulation;however, the programming process that determines the temporary shape cannot proceed without external manipulation, which may greatly affect the shape complexity, accuracy, and reproducibility. Here, an automatically programmable SMP (AP-SMP) based on asymmetric swelling of bilayer SMP structures is demonstrated without external manipulation. In the automatic programming process, the AP-SMP can be deformed by the swelling of its hydrophilic hinge film in warm water to a temporary shape, which could be fixed by the glass transition of the two SMP films through cooling and drying in air. Owing to the uniqueability, many complex shapes can be easily customized through diverse design strategies. Moreover, the AP-SMPs can reversibly transform between the permanent and temporary shapes, and both shapes are free-standing in normal conditions. The automatic programming of AP-SMPs may greatly expand the potential application range of SMPs.

关键词： asymmetric swelling automatic programming bilayer structures reversible shape-memory polymers

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