Advances have been made rapidly in the field of cardiac pacing. The most significant technologic advance is that of pacemakers capable of rate-adaptive pacing. Multiple types of sensors are now used for rate-adaptive ...
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Advances have been made rapidly in the field of cardiac pacing. The most significant technologic advance is that of pacemakers capable of rate-adaptive pacing. Multiple types of sensors are now used for rate-adaptive pacing;some are commercially available and many are undergoing clinical investigation. In the near future, clinical investigation will begin on pacemakers that incorporate dual simultaneous sensors for rate-adaptive pacing. Significant improvement has been made in electrode design. Electrodes with low thresholds allow improved battery longevity. Steroid-eluting leads have proven reliable and capable of avoiding the early threshold rise seen with other electrodes. Standardization of pacemaker connector dimensions is now under way. The International Standards Organization has established the guidelines for connector standardization, and the guidelines have been adopted by the major manufacturers. The ultimate "smart" pacemaker would be capable of autoprogramming most or all of its programmable features. Many autoprogramming features have already been incorporated, and several others such as automatic programming of output and sensitivity are under investigation.
Herbert A. Simon was one of the founding fathers of artificial intelligence. Simon, who, along with Allen Newell and J.C. Shaw, wrote the first AI program in 1956, received many honors in his lifetime, including the N...
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Herbert A. Simon was one of the founding fathers of artificial intelligence. Simon, who, along with Allen Newell and J.C. Shaw, wrote the first AI program in 1956, received many honors in his lifetime, including the Nobel Prize in Economic Science in 1978. Simon was a true renaissance man. He researched human decision-making and problem-solving processes and the implications of those processes for social institutions. Simon's major awards in four areas: psychology, economics, management science and computer science - attest to his breadth of interest and expertise. Simon's impact in the world is no more apparent than at Carnegie Mellon University, where, arguably, he was the most influential person. Simon left behind over 60 years of research and theorems. He also left the computer science world with the heuristic compiler, in which he applied theories and techniques from other disciplines.
As our business and personal lives move online, we must learn to carry out increasingly complicated tasks on the Web. The Koala project at IBM's Almaden Research Center (www. ***/koala) is aiming to create the nex...
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As our business and personal lives move online, we must learn to carry out increasingly complicated tasks on the Web. The Koala project at IBM's Almaden Research Center (www. ***/koala) is aiming to create the next best thing: a wiki-type repository of instructions for Web applications that can help users automate common tasks. In addition to being human-readable, Koala scripts are machine-understandable - the system can interpret each instruction and perform it automatically. At each step, Koala shows you what button to push and then does it for you. It can also fill in fields with your name, address, and other personal information.
This paper presents a source language based upon decision tables for applications involving automatic test equipment systems. The method described allows the engineer to state his test requirements in an extremely con...
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This paper presents a source language based upon decision tables for applications involving automatic test equipment systems. The method described allows the engineer to state his test requirements in an extremely convenient fashion, and permits him to program any test specification directly using engineering terminology. Only a minimum of knowledge about the specific test equipment system and particular programming techniques is required as a background. This method enhances the ability of the engineer to program any automatic test equipment system and reduces long-term programming expenses.
One cause for excitement about agent oriented AI is the belief that it is easier to write programs for many narrow, autonomous systems than for fewer, broader, user-driven systems. A related cause for excitement is th...
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One cause for excitement about agent oriented AI is the belief that it is easier to write programs for many narrow, autonomous systems than for fewer, broader, user-driven systems. A related cause for excitement is the primary message of these comments: it is also easier to automatically generate agent programs. The artificial life, machine learning, and automatic programming literature already describes many experiments in which systems with agent-like properties have been automatically generated. Although most of the previously generated systems have been too simple to perform helpful tasks for actual users, recent advances suggest that useful intelligent agents will soon be within reach of these techniques. The paper focuses on one particular technology, genetic programming, but related points should apply to other automatic programming technologies.
automatic programming is a type of programming that has the ability to analyze and solve problems using the principles of symbolic regression analysis. These methods can solve complex problems regardless of whether th...
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automatic programming is a type of programming that has the ability to analyze and solve problems using the principles of symbolic regression analysis. These methods can solve complex problems regardless of whether they have a specific pattern or not. In this work, we are going to introduce the difference-based firefly programming (DFP) method as an improved version of the standard firefly programming method. We have analyzed the performance of this new improved method, which will be described in detail within the scope of this work. In order to evaluate the performance of the newly presented method, the results have been compared to the results of the standard method and the results of other methods that are used to solve the same type of problems. DFP has been used also in forecasting and modeling a real-world time-series problem, where it showed good performance too. In general, the results demonstrated the improved performance of the newly introduced method and showed its ability to efficiently solve complex problems.
Two sufficient conditions under which the roots of the determinant of a given ( m \times m ) matrix polynomial of n th order lie in the open left-half plane have been obtained. The first condition is given in terms of...
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Two sufficient conditions under which the roots of the determinant of a given ( m \times m ) matrix polynomial of n th order lie in the open left-half plane have been obtained. The first condition is given in terms of the positive definiteness of an ( mn \times mn ) symmetric matrix, while the second condition is given in terms of the positive definiteness of an ( m \times m ) matrix that is a function of s , Re s \leq 0 . These conditions are represented in terms of rational functions of the coefficient matrices of the given matrix polynomial. Therefore, the explicit computation of the determinant polynomial is not required.
The systen includes a high-resolution, field-dependent RF frequency program generator, an optically coupled digital-to-frequency converter, and a fast-sampling frequency monitoring section. The frequency program origi...
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The systen includes a high-resolution, field-dependent RF frequency program generator, an optically coupled digital-to-frequency converter, and a fast-sampling frequency monitoring section. The frequency program originates as a 500 point field-indexed table of frequencies. Off-set, gain, non-linearity correct ion, and operator control are provided by software. Linear interpolation between break-points is accomplished by dedicated arithmetic logic to provide frequency updates as often as every 20μs. An optically coupled digital-to-analog, (D-A) converter controls the 4 to 14 MHz output of the RF section. The output frequency is monitored by a fast sampling, high accuracy logic system, whose output is fed back to the computer for comparison to the desired program.
Six chronic problems of software engineering that make computer-aided software engineering (CASE) especially challenging are discussed. Key functions that must be added to CASE tools are identified. The need for thoro...
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Six chronic problems of software engineering that make computer-aided software engineering (CASE) especially challenging are discussed. Key functions that must be added to CASE tools are identified. The need for thorough training in their use is stressed
The aim of this paper is to present the development of the software for controlling one of the scientific payloads of the 14-BISat nanosatellite, the Flux-Φ-Probe Experiment (Fipex). This satellite was developed by t...
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