Outdoor communications are affected by multipath propagation that imposes an upper limit on the system data rate and restricts possible applications. In order to overcome the degrading effect introduced by the channel...
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Outdoor communications are affected by multipath propagation that imposes an upper limit on the system data rate and restricts possible applications. In order to overcome the degrading effect introduced by the channel, conventional equalizers implemented with digital filters have been traditionally used. A new approach based on neural networks is considered. In particular, the behavior of the adaptive Bayesian equalizer implemented by means of radial basis functions applied to the channel equalization of radio outdoor environments has been analyzed. The method used to train the equalizer coefficients is based on a channel response estimation. We compare the results obtained with three channel estimation methods: the least sum of square errors (LSSE) channel estimation algorithm, recursive least square (RLS) algorithm employed only to obtain one channel estimation and, finally, the RLS algorithm used to estimate the channel every decided symbol for the whole frame.
An optimal pruning algorithm for neural tree networks (NTN) is presented. The NTN is grown by a constructive learning algorithm that decreases the classification error on the training data recursively. The optimal pru...
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An optimal pruning algorithm for neural tree networks (NTN) is presented. The NTN is grown by a constructive learning algorithm that decreases the classification error on the training data recursively. The optimal pruning algorithm is then used to improve generalization. The pruning algorithm is shown to be computationally inexpensive. Simulation results on a speaker-independent vowel recognition task are presented to show the improved generalization using the pruning algorithm.< >
Neural networks, due to their excellent capabilities for modelling process behaviour, are gaining precedence over traditional empirical modelling techniques, such as statistical methods. While neural networks have goo...
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Neural networks, due to their excellent capabilities for modelling process behaviour, are gaining precedence over traditional empirical modelling techniques, such as statistical methods. While neural networks have good ability to map any reasonable continuous function, they do not easily explain how the inputs are related to an output, and also whether the selected inputs have any significant relationship with an output. There is quite often a need to identify some order of influence of the input variables on the output variable. In this paper, a technique for determining the order of influence of the n elements of the input vector on the m elements of the output vector is presented and discussed. While a sample mathematical function is used to introduce the technique, a more practical application of this method in the aluminium smelting industry is considered. It is shown that, using a sensitivity analysis on the backpropagation (BP) algorithm, the degree of influence of the input parameters on the output error can be successfully estimated.
Tone recognition of isolated Mandarin monosyllables using the multilayer perceptron (MLP) model is reported. Ten features extracted from the fundamental frequency and energy contours of a monosyllable are used as the ...
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Tone recognition of isolated Mandarin monosyllables using the multilayer perceptron (MLP) model is reported. Ten features extracted from the fundamental frequency and energy contours of a monosyllable are used as the recognition features. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the internal representation of the MLP. Several variations of the MLP with regard to the number of layers and the number of neurons in each layer are considered. In a speaker-untrained test, a recognition rate of 93.8% was achieved. It outperforms a Gaussian classifier which has a recognition rate of 90.6%.< >
The authors propose a new methodology for controlling multitap capacitors in a power system using a three layer feedforward neural network. The neural network, in the proposed scheme is separately trained with two alg...
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The authors propose a new methodology for controlling multitap capacitors in a power system using a three layer feedforward neural network. The neural network, in the proposed scheme is separately trained with two algorithms namely backpropagation and a combined backpropagation-Cauchy's learning algorithm. Studies on 30 bus IEEE test system are carried out and quite satisfactory results are obtained. The inputs to the net are the real power, reactive power and voltage magnitude at a few selected buses and the network's outputs are the values of capacitive Var injection. Performance comparison is made between two algorithms and the combined backpropagation-Cauchy's algorithm is found to be better than the other.< >
In this paper, we propose a new strategy (KORA-2) for the replacement of lines in cache memories. The algorithm is efficient and easily implementable. Trace-driven simulations were performed for 42 different cache con...
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In this paper, we propose a new strategy (KORA-2) for the replacement of lines in cache memories. The algorithm is efficient and easily implementable. Trace-driven simulations were performed for 42 different cache configurations using benchmark programs from SPEC92 (Standard performance Evaluation Corporation) benchmark suites. Simulation results illustrate that our algorithm can provide a peak value of approximately 8.71% improvement in the miss ratio over the best performing conventional algorithm (LRU) for the selected benchmark trace files generated from SPEC programs. This translates to a savings of hundreds of thousands of misses for typical programs referencing well over 100 million addresses.
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are a classic pattern classifier and widely applicable to various problems and are relatively easy to use. Three of the most popular ANNs are Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) with Backpropa...
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Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are a classic pattern classifier and widely applicable to various problems and are relatively easy to use. Three of the most popular ANNs are Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) with backpropagation learning algorithm, Self Organizing Map (SOM) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Support Vector Machines (SVM) have gained great interest in the last few years in pattern recognition. Thus, this research compares the recognition performance of text and non-text images (text, table, figure and graph) from technical document images based on the pixel intensity of various zones between BPNN, SOM, RNN and SVM. Symmetrical and non-symmetrical zoning algorithms were compared as input. 400 different datasets have been tested and the experiments indicate that SVM classification is superior to the other three classifiers. The experiments also indicate that the combination of symmetrical and non-symmetrical zoning design is better than non-symmetrical or symmetrical zoning only.
A number of fully and partially recurrent networks have been proposed to deal with temporally extended tasks. However, it is not yet clear which algorithms and network architectures are best suited to certain kinds of...
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A number of fully and partially recurrent networks have been proposed to deal with temporally extended tasks. However, it is not yet clear which algorithms and network architectures are best suited to certain kinds of problems. In this paper we report on experimental investigations of a quantitative nature, which address this particular need by comparing fully recurrent networks using learning algorithms such as backpropagation-through-time (BPTT), batch BPTT Quickprop-through-time, and real-time recurrent learning with Elman and Jordan partially recurrent networks on four benchmark problems: detection of three consecutive zeros, nonlinear plant identification, Turing machine emulation, and real-world distillation column modelling.
The authors used the Liapunov approach to derive a new set of sufficient conditions that explain the stability of feedforward networks. A simplification of these conditions results in a new recurrent backpropagation a...
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The authors used the Liapunov approach to derive a new set of sufficient conditions that explain the stability of feedforward networks. A simplification of these conditions results in a new recurrent backpropagation algorithm. This algorithm preserves the local updating characteristic of the original algorithm but is, at the same time, found to be quite effective even for problems which offered resistance to solution by L. B. Almeida's (1987) approach.< >
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