An efficient online energy-distribution management system (EMS) that ensures cells operate under optimized conditions, is critical for the high performance and long-term service of large energy storage or generation s...
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An efficient online energy-distribution management system (EMS) that ensures cells operate under optimized conditions, is critical for the high performance and long-term service of large energy storage or generation systems. In this work, a novel two-level structure EMS based on model predictive control (MPC) is proposed to achieve fast energy balance with high-efficiency. The topology of the EMS is that cells are divided into several modules and each module connected in parallel with a bi-directional DC-DC converter, where the outputs of DC-DC converters are serially connected to obtain a higher DC bus voltage. Then the issues of energy deviations among cells are resolved by a two-level structure EMS which consists of an energy-distributing intra-group balance layer and a cell package current-distributing inter-group balance layer. Based on the EMS topology, an MPC is employed in each module to improve the balance speed while maintaining the stability of the DC-DC converter output voltage. Moreover, the parameters of the controller are optimized via simulation study. Finally, the EMS performance is validated by a hardware-in-loop platform and compared with existing EMS. The experimental results show that the proposed EMS can realize quick and accurate energy balance with low energy loss.
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