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LMS and RLS beamforming algorithms based linear antenna array with known mutual coupling

JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND APPLICATIONS 2023年第17期37卷 1449-1462页

作者： Boughaba, Noureddine Barkat, Ouarda Univ Freres Mentouri Constantine 1 Dept Elect Constantine Algeria

This study explores the application of LMS and RLS algorithms in adaptive beamforming for a linear array of half wavelength dipole (HWD) antennas with known mutual coupling. The research initiates by deriving analytical expressions for the covariance matrix of signal impinging on an HWD antenna array, accounting for mutual coupling effects. Leveraging these expressions, we calculate the weights for both LMS and RLS algorithms, enabling the evaluation of the overall far-field radiation patterns of the HWD antenna array. The results demonstrate that these algorithms effectively steer the main lobe of the radiation pattern towards the desired user while creating nulls in the direction of undesired users. Notably, simulations indicate that the proposed compensation method enhances the performance of beamforming algorithms, particularly when considering mutual coupling effects. Specifically, the LMS algorithm outperforms the RLS algorithm in reducing interference, resulting in lower side lobe levels (SLL) in the radiation pattern.

关键词： beamforming algorithms dipole antenna arrays mutual coupling LMS RLS

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Acoustic beamforming algorithms and Their Applications in Environmental Noise

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CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2023年第3期9卷 486-509页

作者： Licitra, Gaetano Artuso, Francesco Bernardini, Marco Moro, Antonino Fidecaro, Francesco Fredianelli, Luca Environm Protect Agcy Tuscany Reg Via Vittorio Veneto 27 I-56127 Pisa Italy CNR Inst Chem & Phys Proc Via G Moruzzi 1 I-56124 Pisa Italy Univ Pisa Phys Dept Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3 I-56127 Pisa Italy CNR INM Sect Acoust & Sensors OM Corbino Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 I-00133 Rome Italy IPOOL Srl Via Cocchi 7 I-56121 Pisa Italy

Purpose of ReviewRather than broadly investigating the beamforming field, the present work has the distinctive feature of analyzing the most common algorithms through both a theoretical presentation and a report of their most recent applications to real cases. The intent is to take a step forward towards the harmonization of the sector with a combined approach that could prove to be useful for academics willing to understand the theory and for technicians needing to choose the best algorithms to use in different measurement *** FindingsIn recent years, the sector has seen the growth of studies published on the use of beamforming techniques and their applications to real cases. Unfortunately, different authors and research groups developed so many different algorithms that a literature review turns out to be essential to increase awareness and to avoid confusion for both scientists and ***, acoustic cameras have been proven to be powerful instruments that combine a video acquisition with a microphone array to obtain real-time information about the location of noise sources. Different beamforming techniques can be applied to sound signals allowing their visualization or distinguishing the contribution of multiple different emitters. This quality, historically used in different branches of acoustics, is now spreading into environmental noise protection, especially where it is needed to locate the emitters or to better study sources that have not yet been characterized. Acoustic cameras can also be used to identify the responsible for noise limits exceedings at receivers when traditional microphone measurements are not enough, or to identify potential leakages occurred in the installation of noise abatement measurements.

关键词： beamforming Acoustic camera beamforming applications beamforming algorithms Environmental noise Sound source localization

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Diver detection and tracking with different beamforming algorithms 32

Diver detection and tracking with different beamforming algo...

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXXII

作者： Sevimli, Rasim A. Baskent Univ Dept Elect Elect Engn Ankara Turkiye

ISBN: (数字)9781510662117

ISBN: (纸本)9781510662100;9781510662117

Diver Detection Sonars (DDS) aim to detect the diver and tracking at the specific distance. At the side of signal processing case, there are bunch of beamforming algorithms to localize the target or diver in our case in the literature. In this paper, some beamforming algorithms are combined and compared via PSNR, time each other. Some algorithms show that the effect of sidelobes and reverberation are clearly decreased. Moreover, detection and tracking algorithms are applied to artificial sonar data created with a specific scenario for this purpose.

关键词： Diver Detection Sonars beamforming algorithms Sonar Signal Processing

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Features for Evaluating Source Localization Effectiveness in Sound Maps from Acoustic Cameras

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SENSORS 2024年第14期24卷 4696页

作者： Fredianelli, Luca Pedrini, Gregorio Bolognese, Matteo Bernardini, Marco Fidecaro, Francesco Licitra, Gaetano Natl Res Council CNR Moruzzi 1 I-56124 Pisa Italy Univ Pisa Dept Earth Sci Via Santa Maria 53 I-56126 Pisa Italy Environm Protect Agcy Tuscany Reg ARPAT Via Vittorio Veneto 27 I-56127 Pisa Italy Ipool Srl Via Enrico Fermi 75 I-51100 Pistoia Italy Univ Pisa Phys Dept Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3 I-56127 Pisa Italy

Acoustic cameras (ACs) have become very popular in the last decade as an increasing number of applications in environmental acoustics are observed, which are mainly used to display the points of greatest noise emission of one or more sound sources. The results obtained are not yet certifiable because the beamforming algorithms or hardware behave differently under different measurement conditions, but at present, not enough studies have been dedicated to clarify the issues. The present study aims to provide a methodology to extract analytical features from sound maps obtained with ACs, which are generally only visual information. Based on the inputs obtained through a specific measurement campaign carried out with an AC and a known sound source in free field conditions, the present work elaborated a methodology for gathering the coordinates of the maximum emission point on screen, its distance from the real position of the source and the uncertainty associated with this position. The results obtained with the proposed method can be compared, thus acting as a basis for future comparison studies among calculations made with different beamforming algorithms or data gathered with different ACs in all real case scenarios. The method can be applicable to any other sector interested in gathering data from intensity maps not related to sound.

关键词： acoustic camera beamforming algorithms sound signals microphone array source localization sound maps environmental noise noise measurements

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Trade-offs between the quality of service, computational cost and cooling complexity in interference-dominated multi-user SDMA systems

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第1期14卷 144-151页

作者： Aslan, Yanki Puskely, Jan Roederer, Antoine Yarovoy, Alexander Delft Univ Technol Dept Microelect Microwave Sensing Signals & Syst Grp Delft Netherlands

The future fifth generation (5G) systems will aim to design low-cost phased array base station antenna systems at mm-waves for simultaneous multiple beamforming with enhanced spatial multiplexing, limited interference, acceptable power consumption, suitable processing complexity, and passive cooling. In this study, a multi-user space division multiple access (SDMA) model is developed to investigate the trade-off between the quality of service (QoS), computational complexity in beamforming and cooling requirements for various use cases, and a number of users. The QoS at the user ends is rated by assessing the statistical signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios (SINRs). Two beamforming algorithms, namely conjugate beamforming (CB) and zero-forcing (ZF), are considered and compared. Depending on the deployment scenario, rotated and optimised array layouts are proposed to be used in CB with the least computational complexity while providing relatively good QoS. Different reduced-complexity ZF algorithms are introduced as a compromise between the SINR performance and computational burden. The impact of the number of simultaneously served users on the thermal management in active integrated 5G base station antenna arrays is investigated as well.

关键词： array signal processing antenna phased arrays quality of service space division multiple access computational complexity 5G mobile communication space division multiplexing radiofrequency interference millimetre wave communication millimetre wave antenna arrays different reduced-complexity ZF algorithms computational burden simultaneously served users active integrated 5G base station antenna arrays computational cost cooling complexity interference-dominated multiuser SDMA systems future fifth generation systems array base station antenna systems mm-waves simultaneous multiple beamforming enhanced spatial multiplexing acceptable power consumption suitable processing complexity passive cooling multiuser space division multiple access model quality of service beamforming cooling requirements statistical signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios beamforming algorithms array layouts computational complexity relatively good QoS

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Interference mitigation for GNSS receivers with dual-polarised sensitive arrays in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2019年第5期13卷 700-711页

作者： Wang, Haiyang Yao, Zhicheng Fan, Zhiliang Liu, Guangbin Xian Inst High Technol Dept Control Engn 2 Tongxin Rd Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

For global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers with dual-polarised sensitive arrays (DPSAs), two beamforming algorithms, which can mitigate interferences and preserve GNSS signals in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain, are proposed. Firstly, the space-frequency-polarisation adaptive processing (SFPAP) architecture is put forward, where the received signal is divided into several frequency bins so that the narrowband array processing technique can be applied. After that, the received signal model corresponding to the SFPAP architecture is established, based on which the covariance matrix for each frequency bin is estimated. Furthermore, two beamforming algorithms based on the SFPAP architecture are proposed for GNSS receivers. Especially, the constraints corresponding to the two proposed SFPAP algorithms are designed to cancel interference and meanwhile form beams towards the desired GNSS satellites in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain. Moreover, the computational complexity between the proposed SFPAP algorithms and the corresponding space-time-polarisation adaptive processing algorithms is compared. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithms are effective in cancelling interferences and steering beams towards the desired GNSS satellites in the joint space-frequency-polarisation domain.

关键词： array signal processing interference suppression computational complexity covariance matrices satellite navigation SFPAP architecture frequency bin beamforming algorithms GNSS receivers SFPAP algorithms desired GNSS satellites joint space-frequency-polarisation domain corresponding space-time-polarisation adaptive processing algorithms dual-polarised sensitive arrays global navigation satellite system receivers space-frequency-polarisation adaptive processing architecture

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Simplified robust adaptive detection and beamforming for wireless communications /

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2018年

作者： ElNashar Ayman

来源：内蒙古大学图书馆图书评论

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Efficient beamforming algorithms for MIMO Multicast with Application-Layer Coding

Efficient Beamforming Algorithms for MIMO Multicast with App...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

作者： Kaliszan, Michal Pollakis, Emmanuel Stanczak, Slawomir Tech Univ Berlin Heinrich Hertz Lehrstuhl Informat Theorie & Theor Einsteinufer 27 D-10587 Berlin Germany Heinrich Hertz Inst Nachrichtentech Berlin GmbH Fraunhofer Inst Telecommun D-10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705953

A communication scheme for the multiple antenna multicast fading channel is proposed, in which the transmission is coded at the application layer over a number of channel realizations. The scheme gives rise to a novel multicast transmit beamforming problem. The properties of the proposed scheme are presented, in particular the scaling of the achievable rate for the increasing number of users is investigated and the rate is shown not to decrease to zero, which is an improvement over multicast schemes without coding, e. g. so-called max-min transmit beamforming. algorithms for solving the resulting beamforming problem are proposed and evaluated in simulation.

关键词： Array signal processing Encoding MIMO MIMO communication MIMO multicast Random variables Receivers Signal processing algorithms Signal to noise ratio application-layer coding beamforming algorithms fading channels multibeam antennas multicast communication multiple antenna multicast fading channel

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Project of a multibeam UHF receiver to improve survey capabilities

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 2015年 116卷 382-386页

作者： Montebugnoli, Stelio Bortolotti, Claudio Bianchi, Germano Monari, Jader Maccone, Claudio Perini, Federico Roma, Mauro Schiaffino, Marco INAF Inst Radioastron Bologna Italy Int Acad Astronaut I-10155 Turin Italy INAF I-10155 Turin Italy

The Institute of Radioastronomy (IRA-Bologna) of the National Institute for Astrophysics of Italy (INAF - Rome) joined the European group for the Square Kilometer Array Design Study (SKA-DS) in the frame of the FP6 program. One of the goals of the Design Study was the construction and test of a state of the art very small SKA prototype. A segment (1/8) of the N/S arm of the large Northern Cross array (408 MHz+/-8 MHz) was exploited to obtain a prototype array, made up by 8 cylindrical concentrators (23.5 mt x 7.5 rot) equipped with 4 receivers each. In this way a 32 receivers array with a total collecting area of about 1400 m(2) was obtained. Signals are directly carried from the receivers, located on the focal lines, down to the back end, located in the processing room, via a very cost effective analog optical links. Here a fast back end, presently based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Berkeley-Roach boards, takes care of running the required complex algorithms to perform (non-adaptive) multi-beamforming with a 2D FFT. The main advantage of such an already working array is to produce 21 independent 31' x 104' beams located inside a 38 deg(2) Field Of View (FoV). Our plan is to search for funds to refit the remaining 56 cylinders of the N/S arm, to dramatically increase both the sensitivity and number of beams (pixels) placed in the same FoV. In this way, it could be possible to perform a deep SETI survey in the UHF band by an about 11.200 m(2) antenna (equivalent to a 119 m dish), a 37.6 deg(2) FOV and 189 independent beams. The system could be further expanded by installing more receivers on each N/S focal line, increasing the FOV and the number of pixels with the same sensitivity. Assuming that adequate funds could be found for refitting the giant E/W arm as well, an equivalent 180 m dish could be obtained to perform a very deep SETI sky survey with a 120 deg(2) FOV at high sensitivity. This would allow a very fast and deep sky survey in the UHF band. (C)

关键词： SETI beamforming algorithms Receiver design Data processing Signal extraction from noise

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Robust Rank Reduction Algorithm with Iterative Parameter Optimization and Vector Perturbation

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algorithms 2015年第3期8卷 573-589页

作者： Li, Peng Feng, Jiao de Lamare, Rodrigo C. Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangsu Collaborat Innovat Ctr Atmospher Environm Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio de Janeiro CETUC BR-22451900 Rio De Janeiro Brazil Univ York Dept Elect York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

In dynamic propagation environments, beamforming algorithms may suffer from strong interference, steering vector mismatches, a low convergence speed and a high computational complexity. Reduced-rank signal processing techniques provide a way to address the problems mentioned above. This paper presents a low-complexity robust data-dependent dimensionality reduction based on an iterative optimization with steering vector perturbation (IOVP) algorithm for reduced-rank beamforming and steering vector estimation. The proposed robust optimization procedure jointly adjusts the parameters of a rank reduction matrix and an adaptive beamformer. The optimized rank reduction matrix projects the received signal vector onto a subspace with lower dimension. The beamformer/steering vector optimization is then performed in a reduced dimension subspace. We devise efficient stochastic gradient and recursive least-squares algorithms for implementing the proposed robust IOVP design. The proposed robust IOVP beamforming algorithms result in a faster convergence speed and an improved performance. Simulation results show that the proposed IOVP algorithms outperform some existing full-rank and reduced-rank algorithms with a comparable complexity.

关键词： adaptive filters beamforming algorithms reduced rank

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