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3rd International Conference on Communication and Information Processing (ICCIP)

作者： Wechtaisong, Chitapong Chamnanka, Prachya Prommak, Chutima Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat Univ Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Suranaree Univ Technol Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781450353656

In this paper, we propose an efficient placement of femtocell base stations (FBSs) for 4G-Long Term Evolution (4G-LTE) network in multi-floor building using binary integer linear programming (BILP). To solve this FBS placement problem, we define a mathematical model considering the quality of services in term of the signal coverage guarantees and the user access data rate guarantees in the service area. In addition, our model considers the capacity of each FBS in the case of user's number limitation. In our experiment, the problem formulation is divided into two phases. The first phase aims to determine the minimum number of FBSs to be installed in the multi-floor building. Then, the distribution of installed FBSs is observed. Using the optimal number of FBSs defined in the first phase, the second phase aims to determine the optimal locations for FBSs placement under the same conditions as the first phase for improving users' received signal strength in the service area. The experimental results show that our proposed technique can effectively minimize the number of installed FBSs and optimize their placement location. Our proposed technique can achieve total service coverage and capacity throughout the service area. Its capacity is 81.5% higher than the existing work.

关键词： Femtocell base station placement network optimization binary integer linear programming

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Voltage Stability-based PMU Placement Considering N-1 Line Contingency and Power System Reliability 2

Voltage Stability-based PMU Placement Considering N-1 Line C...

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2nd International Conference on Power Engineering and Renewable Energy (ICPERE)

作者： Putranto, Lesnanto Multa Hara, Ryoichi Kita, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Eiichi Hokkaido Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Sapporo Hokkaido Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479964024

New PMU placement algorithm considering network connectivity, zero injection bus, reliability of N-1 line contingency and voltage stability performance (enhancing Voltage Stability Index) are proposed in this work. Reliability and voltage stability level are selected to determine the security level of Wide Area Monitoring System and priority bus. Optimization problem is formulated by minimizing the number PMU installed and maximizing the coverage N-1 contingency and solved using binary integer linear programming. For showing the performance of proposed method, IEEE 57-Bus test bus system is used as test system, which shows flexible result of PMU number and location depending on the desired reliability and voltage stability level.

关键词： PMU Placement Reliability Voltage Stability Index N-1 Contingency binary integer linear programming

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An Effective binary integer linear Programmed Approach for Optimal placement of PMUs in Power Systems 1

An Effective Binary Integer Linear Programmed Approach for O...

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International Conference on Smart Electric Grid (ISEG)

作者： Billakanti, Suresh Venkaiah, Ch. Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Warangal 506004 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479941049

The Phasor Measuring Units provide synchronized measurements for monitoring and control of Power System State for Power System protection. The high PMU cost and installation cost are main reasons for minimizing the number of PMUs and their optimal placement should ensure Power System full Observability. This paper presents the investigation of Optimal placement of Phasor Measuring Units (PMU) and the use of reduced number of PMUs for ensuring Power system full observability. The Optimal PMU Placement (OPP) problem has been tackled considering different cases like with and without conventional measurements and zero injection buses. The OPP is considered for different contingencies such as single PMU or line outage to ensure full system observability. The PMU Channels, which limit the number of measurements at the installed bus is also taken into account in OPP formulation. MAT LAB Simulations are carried out by binary integer linear programming (BILP) method and tested on standard IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 30-bus, IEEE 57-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems. The results presented were compared with the recent literature and found the effectiveness of proposed method with regard to number of PMUs and execution time is appreciable.

关键词： Observability Phasor Measuring Unit binary integer linear programming Contingency Optimal PMU Placecement Problem

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Optimal Placement of PMUs in Power System Network for Voltage Stability Estimation under Contingencies 6

Optimal Placement of PMUs in Power System Network for Voltag...

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6th International Conference on Computer Applications In Electrical Engineering-Recent Advances (CERA)

作者： Sahu, Pankaj Verma, M. K. School of Computer Science Unmanned System Research Institute Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509048748

Voltage stability has been considered as an important threat to power researchers and utilities since last few decades. With placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) at few selected locations, it may be quite possible to monitor voltage stability of power system network. This paper proposes optimal placement of PMUs considering impact of voltage stability based critical contingencies. Contingencies have been ranked based on voltage stability margin (the distance between the base case operating point and nose point). Variations in voltage stability margin caused by changing load patterns have also been considered while deciding critical contingencies. PMUs have been placed in the system based on results of binary integer linear programming run under system intact case and voltage stability based critical contingency cases. Effectiveness of proposed PMUs placement approach has been established by comparing nose curves obtained using PMUs measurements and pseudo-measurements under increased demands, with offline estimation of nose curves based on the results of continuation power flow. Case studies have been performed on a standard IEEE 14-bus system and practical 246-bus Northern Regional Power Grid (NRPG) system representing power network of nine states of India, with the help of Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) software.

关键词： Voltage stability contingencies optimal PMUs placement binary integer linear programming observability

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A Probabilistic Approach for the Optimal Placement of PMUs with Limited Number of Channels 18

A Probabilistic Approach for the Optimal Placement of PMUs w...

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18th International Middle-East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON)

作者： Ibrahim, Ahmed Hamdy Ghazy Omran, Walid A. Mekhamer, Said Fouad Ain Shams Univ Fac Engn Elect Power & Machines Dept Cairo Egypt Future Univ Egypt Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781467390637

This paper presents a two-stage method for the placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) to achieve a fully observable power system while considering the PMUs channel limitation. The first stage uses the binary integer linear programming (BILP) to find the initial optimum locations of PMUs which ensure full system observability under normal conditions. The second stage uses state enumeration based on probabilistic failure of different components to ensure full system observability under single and double outages. The proposed method is validated using the IEEE 14-Bus system, IEEE 30-Bus system and IEEE 57-Bus system. The simulation results show that the method is efficient in providing detailed information about the observability of the power system under different operating conditions.

关键词： observability phasor measurement unit limited number of channels binary integer linear programming state enumeration

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OPTIMAL PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT (PMU) PLACEMENT FOR THE POWER SYSTEMS WITH EXISTING SCADA MEASUREMENTS

OPTIMAL PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT (PMU) PLACEMENT FOR THE POWE...

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作者： BULUT ERTURK MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

学位级别：硕士

It is extremely important to maintain efficiency, sustainability and reliability of the generation, transmission and distribution of the electrical energy; hence it is mandatory to monitor the system in real time. State estimation has a key role in real time monitoring of a power system. The considered power system has to be observable in order to perform state estimation. Traditionally, power system state estimators employ SCADA measurements. However, as the number of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) increase in the system, use of phasor measurements become common as well. There are many Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) placement methods available in the literature for power system observability. Most of those methods aim to determine the measurement configuration (number of measurement devices and locations of those devices) with minimum cost such that most of the measurements in the resulting design are critical. Since errors associated with those measurements cannot be detected, a measurement configuration with many critical measurements is considered as a bad measurement configuration. Moreover, existing SCADA measurements are not considered by most of the existing methods in the literature. Since utilities have made considerable investments to the SCADA systems in the past, it is not a wise decision to ignore existing SCADA measurements in the system. In this thesis, it is aimed to develop a PMU placement algorithm for robust state estimation considering presence of conventional SCADA measurements. The PMU placement method places optimum number of PMUs to a known system in computer environment, such that specified measurement redundancy is obtained. The proposed method employs the SCADA measurements already available in the considered system, as well as generation – consumption information provided by the operator. Thus, the cost of the resulting measurement configuration is minimized. The proposed method, is also capable of evaluating PMUs with different current

关键词： Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) SCADA State Estimation Observability Optimal Measurement Placement binary integer linear programming

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Desenvolvimento de modelos matemáticos para o diagnóstico de falta em sistemas de transmissão de energia elétrica

Desenvolvimento de modelos matemáticos para o diagnóstico ...

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作者： Figueroa Escoto, Esau Universidade Estadual Paulista

Este trabalho apresenta modelos de programação não linear e linear inteira binária como novos métodos para resolver o problema de diagnóstico de faltas em sistemas de transmissão de energia elétrica. Os modelos de otimização são desenvolvidos com base no conjunto de coberturas mínimas e possui como restrições as equações que descrevem a lógica e a filosofia de proteção empregadas por empresas de energia elétrica. As equações de restrições modelam a associação dos alarmes dos relés de proteção informados pelo sistema de supervisão e aquisição de dados (SCADA) com os estados esperados das funções dos relés de proteção. Os modelos de programação matemática realizam o diagnóstico de falta em uma única etapa, identificando a seção em falta através da análise dos estados dos disjuntores e das funções de proteção associadas a cada equipamento do sistema elétrico. O modelo proposto é um problema muito complexo de programação não linear inteira binária, portanto é reformulado como outro problema, em que algumas expressões são linearizadas, o que resulta em um modelo matemático de programação linear inteiro binário. A solução ótima obtida pelo modelo proposto é encontrada utilizando solvers comerciais de programação matemática. Os resultados obtidos mostram eficiência e robustez do modelo matemático. Na literatura, o problema de diagnóstico de falta é resolvido principalmente por técnicas heurísticas, portanto, o método proposto é *** work presents nonlinear and binary linear programming models as a new method to solve the problem of fault diagnosis in electric power transmission systems. The optimization models are developed based on the set of minimum covers and has as restrictions the equations that describe the logic and protection philosophy used by electric power companies. The constraint equations model the association of the protection relay alarms reported by the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system with the expected states of the protect

关键词： Programação linear inteira binária Diagnóstico de faltas Proteção de sistemas elétricos Sistemas elétricos de transmissão binary integer linear programming Fault diagnosis. Protection of electrical systems Electrical transmission systems Tese de do

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Routing and scheduling of trains and engines in a railway marshalling station yard

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2024年 167卷

作者： Zhao, Jun Xiang, Jianghai Peng, Qiyuan Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Transportat & Logist Chengdu 611756 Sichuan Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ Natl United Engn Lab Integrated & Intelligent Tran Chengdu 611756 Sichuan Peoples R China

In a busy railway marshalling station, train and engine traffic management in the receiving/departure yard plays a crucial role in efficient and stable operations. Traditionally, a track assignment problem (TAP) is solved to assign tracks to trains for berthing at a receiving/departure yard. However, the TAP does not encompass shunting operations in the yard (e.g., engine replacement and train disassembly), which can result in additional scheduling challenges for dispatchers and route conflicts between operations. This paper investigates a train and engine routing and scheduling problem (TERSP) in a receiving/departure yard of railway marshalling stations, which involves simultaneously assigning routes and scheduling route-setting start times for both train and shunting operations to be conducted in the yard. By introducing the concepts of task, activity, and pattern, we transform the original problem into assigning pre-generated patterns incorporating both route and route-setting start time alternatives to activities. The transformed problem is formulated into a compact binary integer linear programming model with a linear number of constraints and the objective of minimizing the total time deviation of all involved tasks. An improved technique that relies on listing all maximal (bi)cliques in a constructed graph is designed to effectively model the time coherence and track section occupation constraints. A heuristic that gradually expands the patterns for the identified key activities by adding more start time alternatives is applied to remedy an infeasible model caused by potential route conflicts. In addition, a rolling horizon algorithm that decomposes the original problem into consecutive smaller stages using either a time-rolling or a train-rolling rule is developed to efficiently solve instances. Finally, numerical experiments based on the physical layouts and real timetables of a receiving yard and a departure yard of a large marshalling station in China ar

关键词： Railway transportation Routing and scheduling Marshalling station binary integer linear programming Rolling horizon algorithm

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Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units with linear and Non-linear Models

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ELECTRIC POWER COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS 2015年第4期43卷 357-373页

作者： Theodorakatos, Nikolaos P. Manousakis, Nikolaos M. Korres, George N. Natl Tech Univ Athens ECE Dept Athens Greece

Abstract-This article presents a non-linear programming-based model for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units. The optimal phasor measurement units placement is formulated to minimize the number of phasor measurement units required for full system observability and to maximize the measurement redundancy at all buses in a power system. A sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used for the solution of the proposed model. The existence of power flow and injection measurements, the limited phasor measurement units channel capacity, the lack of communication facilities in substations, and the single phasor measurement units loss are also incorporated into the initial proposed formulation. The non-linear programming model is applied to IEEE 14- and 118-bus test systems in MATLAB. The accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the simulation results to those obtained by a binary integer programming model also implemented in MATLAB. The comparative study shows that the proposed non-linear programming model yields the same number of phasor measurement units as the binary integer programming model. A remarkable advantage of the non-linear programming against binary integer linear programming is its capability to give more than one optimal solution, each one having the same minimum number of phasor measurement units (same minimum objective value), but at different locations.

关键词： binary integer linear programming optimization mixed integer linear programming Phasor measurement unit observability sequential quadratic programming optimal placement non-linear programming

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