This paper presents a 16 x 20 CMOS biosensor array based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a highly sensitive label-free technique for rapid disease detection at the point-of-care. This high-density sys...
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This paper presents a 16 x 20 CMOS biosensor array based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a highly sensitive label-free technique for rapid disease detection at the point-of-care. This high-density system implements polar-mode detection with phase-only EIS measurement over a 5 kHz - 1 MHz frequency range. The design features predominantly digital readout circuitry, ensuring scalability with technology, along with a load-compensated transimpedance amplifier, all within a 140 x 140 mu m(2) pixel. The architecture enables in-pixel digitization and accumulation, which increases the SNR by 10 dB for each 10x increase in readout time. Implemented in a 180 nm CMOS process, the 3 x 4 mm(2) chip achieves state-of-the-art performance with an rms phase error of 0.035% at 100 kHz through a duty-cycle insensitive phase detector and one of the smallest per pixel areas with in-pixel quantization.
Advancement in wearable healthcare technology allows a digital revolution in healthcare that is intended to extend life length and improve life quality. Until now, numerous efforts for wearable device-mediated healthc...
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Advancement in wearable healthcare technology allows a digital revolution in healthcare that is intended to extend life length and improve life quality. Until now, numerous efforts for wearable device-mediated healthcare systems have been focused on achieving accurate monitoring and robust operation by developing cutting-edge biosensors rather than by optimizing the placement position of well-established biosensors. Much therefore still remains unclear about the optimal position involved in biosensor placement. This leads to the need for systematic optimization of biosensor placement position. Here, the placement positions of 2 biosensor arrays (i.e., ECG-TC array and PPG-TC array) are optimized to achieve high-accuracy measurement and high-robustness operation in monitoring both body temperature and heart rate, which are commonly measured as core vital signs in wearable healthcare systems. The ECG-TC array is composed of an electrocardiography (ECG) sensor (for heart rate measurement) and a thermocouple (TC) sensor (for body temperature measurement) while the PPG-TC array consists of a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor and a TC sensor. 34 major parts in the human body are scored in terms of monitoring accuracy (MA) and operational robustness (OR), which results in the MA index and OR index. Next, the body part having the maximum value, calculated as the product of two indices, is determined as the optimal placement position. The MA index is calculated from the signal magnitude of each biosensor and the OR index is assessed by quantifying the user accessibility, skin extensibility, and perspiration weight of each body part. Our study shows that the ECG-TC array needs to be placed on armpit, chest, and back thigh and the PPG-TC array on thumb, finger, and ear. This means the optimal placement position of biosensor-based wearable healthcare systems is affected by a combination of different biosensors. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to better und
Rapid identification of Escherichia coli strains is an important diagnostic goal in applied medicine as well as the environmental and food sciences. This paper reports an electrochemical, screen-printed biosensor arra...
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Rapid identification of Escherichia coli strains is an important diagnostic goal in applied medicine as well as the environmental and food sciences. This paper reports an electrochemical, screen-printed biosensor array, where selective recognition is accomplished using lectins that recognize and bind to cell-surface lipopolysaccharides and coulometric transduction exploits non-native external oxidants to monitor respiratory cycle activity in lectin-bound cells. Ten different lectins were separately immobilized onto porous membranes that feature activated surfaces (ImmunodyneABC(R)). Modified membranes were exposed to untreated E coli cultures for 30 min, rinsed, and layered over the individual screen-printed carbon electrodes of the sensor array. The membranes were were incubated 5 min in a reagent solution that contained the oxidants menadione and ferricyanide as well as the respiratory substrates succinate and formate. Electrochemical oxidation of ferrocyanide for 2 min provided chronocoulometric data related to the quantities of bound cells. These screen-printed sensor arrays were used in conjunction with factor analysis for the rapid identification of four E. coli subspecies (E. coli B, E. coli Neotype, E. coli JM105 and E. coli HB101). Systematic examination of lectin-binding patterns showed that these four E. coli subspecies are readily distinguished using only five essential lectins. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
The work was aimed at the development of a biosensor array for the simultaneous determination of six solutes (glutamate, glucose, choline, acetylcholine, lactate, and pyruvate) in aqueous solutions. Enzymes selective ...
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The work was aimed at the development of a biosensor array for the simultaneous determination of six solutes (glutamate, glucose, choline, acetylcholine, lactate, and pyruvate) in aqueous solutions. Enzymes selective for these substrates were immobilized on the surface of amperometric platinum disc electrodes and served as bioselective elements of a biosensor array. Direct enzymatic analysis by the developed biosensors provided high sensitivity to the tested substrates (limits of detection were 1-5 AM). The linear ranges of the biosensors were from 0.001-0.01 mM to 0.2-2.5 mM. The influence of solution pH, ionic strength and buffer capacity on the biosensor responses was investigated;the conditions for simultaneous operation of all the bioselective elements were optimized. The absence of any cross-influence of the substrates of enzymatic systems used was shown as well as a high selectivity of the biosensors and the absence of any impact of interfering substances (ascorbic acid, dopamine, cysteine, paracetamol). The developed biosensor array had good response reproducibility and storage stability. The array is suitable for rapid (0.5-1 min) and simple simultaneous determination of glutamate, glucose, choline, acetylcholine, lactate, and pyruvate in aqueous (biological) samples;furthermore, the creation of a single chip with six sensitive elements is possible as well as the addition of other biosensors. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Highly uniform and dense, hexagonal noble metal nanoparticle arrays were achieved on large-area transparent glass substrates via scalable, parallel processing of block copolymer lithography. Exploring their localized ...
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Highly uniform and dense, hexagonal noble metal nanoparticle arrays were achieved on large-area transparent glass substrates via scalable, parallel processing of block copolymer lithography. Exploring their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) characteristics revealed that the Ag nanoparticle array displayed a UV-vis absorbance spectrum sufficiently narrow and intense for biosensing application. A highly-sensitive, label-free detection of prostate cancer specific antibody (anti-PSA) with sub-ng ml(-1) level detection limit (0.1 similar to 1 ng ml(-1)) has been accomplished with the plasmonic nanostructure. Our approach offers a valuable route to a low-cost, manufacture-scale production of plasmonic nanostructures, potentially useful for various photonic and optoelectronic devices.
Rationally designing highly catalytic and stable nanozymes for metabolite monitoring is of great importance because of their huge potential in early disease diagnosis. Herein, a novel nanozyme based on hierarchically ...
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Rationally designing highly catalytic and stable nanozymes for metabolite monitoring is of great importance because of their huge potential in early disease diagnosis. Herein, a novel nanozyme based on hierarchically structured CuS/ZnS with a highly efficient peroxidase (POD)-mimic capability was developed and synthesized for multiple metabolite determination and recognition via the plasmon-stimulated biosensor array strategy. The designed nanozyme can simultaneously harvest plasmon triggered hot electron-hole pairs and generate photothermal properties, leading to a sharply boosted POD-mimic capability under 808 nm laser irradiation. Interestingly, because of the interaction diversity of the metabolite with POD-like nanomaterials, the unique inhibitory effect of metabolites on the POD-mimic activity could be the signal response as the differentiation. Thus, utilizing TMB as a typical chromogenic substrate in the addition of H2O2, the designed colorimetric biosensor array can produce diverse fingerprints for the three vital metabolisms (cysteine (Cys), ascorbic acid (AA), and glutathione (GSH)), which can be precisely identified by principal component analysis (PCA). Notably, a distinct fingerprint of a single metabolite with different levels and metabolite mixtures is also achieved with a detection limit of 1 mu M. Most importantly, cell lysis could be effectively discriminated by the biosensor assay, implying its great potential in clinical diagnosis.
We report a conductometric nanoparticle biosensor array to address the significant variation of electrical property in nanomaterial biosensors due to the random network nature of nanoparticle thin-film. Indium oxide a...
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We report a conductometric nanoparticle biosensor array to address the significant variation of electrical property in nanomaterial biosensors due to the random network nature of nanoparticle thin-film. Indium oxide and silica nanoparticles (SNP) are assembled selectively on the multi-site channel area of the resistors using layer-by-layer self-assembly. To demonstrate enzymatic biosensing capability, glucose oxidase is immobilized on the SNP layer for glucose detection. The packaged sensor chip onto a ceramic pin grid array is tested using syringe pump driven feed and multi-channel I-V measurement system. It is successfully demonstrated that glucose is detected in many different sensing sites within a chip, leading to concentration dependent currents. The sensitivity has been found to be dependent on the channel length of the resistor, 4-12 nA/mM for channel lengths of 5-20 mu m, while the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant is 20 mM. By using sensor array, analytical data could be obtained with a single step of sample solution feeding. This work sheds light on the applicability of the developed nanoparticle microsensor array to multi-analyte sensors, novel bioassay platforms, and sensing components in a lab-on-a-chip.
An electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor array for the individual and simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers has been developed at first time on the basis of the aptamer-based biosensor incorporati...
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An electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor array for the individual and simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers has been developed at first time on the basis of the aptamer-based biosensor incorporating a versatile signal probe. As principle-of-proof, the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) biomarkers, myoglobin(Myo), cardiac troponin I(cTnI) and cardiac troponin T(cTnT) were chosen as model analytes. The biosensor array was fabricated by self-assembling thiolated specific ssDNA aptamers on the surface of gold electrodes, respectively. After each target analyte was bound to the capture probes and then to each corresponding biotinylated antibody, and finally to the versatile ECL signal probe, ECL signals were recorded using PMT or CCD as a detector. For PMT model, the developed method showed extremely low detection limits for 0.30 ng/mL cTnT, 31 pg/mL Myo, 0.79 pg/mL cTnI. For ECL image model, a biosensor array containing three target biosensors and a control biosensor was found to be highly sensitive, no cross-talking, and accurate towards simultaneous detection of the AMI biomarkers. This work demonstrates that the aptamer-based biosensor array with a versatile signal probe is a promising for ECL simultaneous detection of multi-biomarkers. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
An automated voltammetric electronic tongue has been designed employing a biosensor array formed by three different enzymatic Glucose Oxidase (GOD) electrodes and the Sequential Injection Analysis principle. The syste...
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An automated voltammetric electronic tongue has been designed employing a biosensor array formed by three different enzymatic Glucose Oxidase (GOD) electrodes and the Sequential Injection Analysis principle. The system is used for its automated training and operation devised for determining glucose and one of its classical interferents, ascorbic acid. The three enzymatic biosensors contain GOD and different metallic catalysts in order to decrease the working potential and to differentiate the response of primary species and interferents. Linear sweep voltammetry has been the chosen technique for data generation and artificial neural networks have been used as the modeling tool. Different learning algorithms have been tried in order to obtaining the best architecture for the neural network. Glucose has been determined in different fruit juice samples by employing this system, correcting the ascorbic acid contents.
A label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor array was developed as a model system for simultaneous detection of multiplexed DNAs using microlitres of sample. A novel multi-electrode array was comprised of six gold work...
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A label-free electrochemical DNA biosensor array was developed as a model system for simultaneous detection of multiplexed DNAs using microlitres of sample. A novel multi-electrode array was comprised of six gold working electrodes and a gold auxiliary electrode, which were fabricated by gold sputtering technology, and a printed Ag/AgCl reference electrode was fabricated by screen-printing technology. The DNA biosensor array for simultaneous detection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) oligonucleotide sequences, HIV-1 and HIV-2, was fabricated in sequence by self-assembling each of two kinds of thiolated hairpin-DNA probes onto the surfaces of the corresponding three working electrodes, respectively. The hybridization events were monitored by square wave voltammetry using methylene blue(MB) as a hybridization redox indicator. The oxidation currents of MB accumulated on the array decreased with increasing the concentration of HIVs due to higher affinity of MB for single strand rather than double strands of DNA. Under the optimized conditions, the peak currents were linear over ranges from 20 to 100 nM for HIV-1 and HIV-2, with the same detection limits of 0.1 nM (S/N = 3), respectively. The biosensor array showed a good specificity without the obvious cross-interference. Furthermore, single-base mutation oligonucleotides and random oligonucleotides can be easily discriminated from complementary target DNAs. This work demonstrates that different hairpin-DNA probes can be used to design the label-free electrochemical biosensor array for simultaneous detection of multiplexed DNA sequences for various clinical applications. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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