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A Double-Side CMOS-CNT biosensor array With Padless Structure for Simple Bare-Die Measurements in a Medical Environment

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2015年第6期9卷 815-824页

作者： Ahn, Jinhong Hong, Sang Hoon Park, Youngjune Seoul Natl Univ Seoul 151742 South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Dept Elect & Radio Engn Yongin 130701 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Elect Engn Seoul 151742 South Korea

This paper presents a double-side CMOS-carbon nanotube (CNT) sensor array for simple bare-die measurements in a medical environment based on a 0.35 mu m standard CMOS process. This scheme allows robust measurements due to its inherent back-side rectifying diodes with a high latch-up resistance. In particular, instead of using pads, only two contact metal structures: a wide ring structure around the sensor area on the front side and a plate structure at the backside are used for both power and single I/O line. The back-side rectification is made possible by creating VDD and VSS through the back-side and front-side, respectively. The single I/O line is conditioned such that it doubles as either the power source or the ground, depending on whether the chip is face down or face up. A modified universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) serial communication scheme with pulse based I/O signal transmission is developed to reduce the power degradation during the signaling intervals. In addition, communication errors and I/O power dissipation for the receiver path are minimized by using level sensitive switch control and double sampling difference amplifier. In order to implement these special functions, a controller chip with a special I/O protocol is designed. Using this controller chip, issuing commands and receiving data can both be performed on a single line and the results are flexibly measured through either the backside or the front side of the chip contacts. As a result, a stable operation of under 150 mW maximum power at 2 MHz data rate can be achieved. The double-side chips with 32 x 32 and 64 x 64 sensor arrays occupy areas of 1.9 x 2.3 mm(2) and 3.7 x 3.9 mm(2), respectively.

关键词： Backside rectification bare-die measurement biosensor array CMOS carbon nanotube (CNT) controller double-side flippable chip position level sensitive switch control medical pulse communication universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART)

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Ultrasensitive optical biosensing detection and multiple therapy based on an NIR-II thermoelectric nanoheterojunction

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2024年 499卷

作者： Shang, Hongyuan Ding, Meili Zhang, Xiaofei Zhang, Aiping Du, Jinwen Zhang, Ruiping Shanxi Med Univ Shanxi Bethune Hosp Dept Radiol Hosp 3 Taiyuan 030032 Peoples R China Shanxi Med Univ Shanxi Engn Res Ctr Characterist Drug Dev Sch Pharm Shanxi Prov Key Lab Drug Synth & Novel Pharmaceut Taiyuan 030001 Peoples R China Taiyuan Municipal 2 Peoples Hosp Stomatol Dept Taiyuan 030002 Peoples R China Shanxi Med Univ Shanxi Prov Peoples Hosp Hosp 5 Radiol Dept Taiyuan 030001 Peoples R China

An one-to-all optical diagnostic and therapeutic agent, referring to a single nanocatalyst synchronously displaying multiple optical biosensor and therapeutic modes, is still a remarkable promise because of its outstanding capability in tumor. However, nanocatalyst activity is significantly weakened by the limited light absorption property and catalytic efficiency. Here, a unique pyroelectric nanocatalyst, In2S3-CuInS2@red blood cell membrane (In2S3-CIS@RM), with excellent pyroelectric/photothermal conversion capability for boosted peroxidasemimicking catalytic activity, is rationally developed. The In2S3-CIS@RM displays catalytic capacity by reacting Cu+ with H2O2 to produce highly toxic & sdot;OH, promoted by 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated photothermal/pyroelectric therapy. By synergizing this three-modal effect, cancer suppression is realized with an obvious cancer inhibition rate after the introduction of In2S3-CIS@RM into the HepG2 cells and following 808 nm laser irradiation. Meanwhile, an optical biosensor array is constructed through In2S3-CIS@RM-triggered chromogenic reaction for a fast and accurate analysis of five antioxidants. Interestingly, this biosensor array is verified to be effective for accurate monitoring of invasive cancer in early cancer occurrence, benefiting from the superior catalytic activity of In2S3-CIS@RM and abnormal levels of antioxidants in cancer cells. Thus, this study provides an avenue for developing an NIR laser-activatable one-to-all optical diagnostic and therapeutic nanosystem.

关键词： Multifunctional thermoelectric nanosystem Tumor therapy biosensor array Photothermal effect Peroxidase-mimicking activity

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An electrochemiluminescent imaging strategy based on CRISPR/Cas12a for ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acid

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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 2024年 1324卷 343040页

作者： Luo, Sijian Wu, Jie Zhong, Min Sun, Jun Ao, Hang Cao, Xu Liu, Jinbo Ju, Huangxian Southwest Med Univ Sichuan Prov Engn Technol Res Ctr Mol Diag Clin Di Dept Lab Med Mol Diag Clin Dis Key Lab LuzhouAffiliated Hosp Luzhou 646000 Sichuan Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Analyt Chem Life Sci Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China

Background: Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) significantly contributes to the development of cervical cancer. Thus, it is urgent to develop rapid and accurate methods for HPV detection. Herein, we present an ultrasensitive CRISPR/Cas12a-based electrochemiluminescent (ECL) imaging technique for the detection of HPV-18 DNA. Result: The ECL DNA sensor array is constructed by applying black hole quencher (BHQ) and polymer dots (Pdots) co-labeled hairpin DNA (hpDNA) onto a gold-coated indium tin oxide slide (Au-ITO). The ECL imaging method involves an incubation process of target HPV-18 with a mixture of crRNA and Cas12a to activate Cas12a, followed by an incubation of the active Cas12a with the ECL sensor. This interaction causes the indiscriminate cleavage of BHQ from Pdots by digesting hpDNA on the sensor surface, leading to the restoration of the ECL signal of Pdots. The ECL brightness readout demonstrates superior performance of the ECL imaging technique, with a linear detection range of 10 fM-500 pM and a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 5.3 fM. Significance: The Cas12a-based ECL imaging approach offers high sensitivity and a broad detection range, making it highly promising for nucleic acid detection applications.

关键词： Electrochemiluminescent imaging biosensor array CRISPR/Cas12a Polymer dots HPV-18

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Energy-Efficient, On-Demand Activation of biosensor arrays for Long-Term Continuous Health Monitoring

BIOSENSORS-BASEL

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biosensorS-BASEL 2022年第5期12卷 358页

作者： Lundquist, Jonathan Horstmann, Benjamin Pestov, Dmitry Ozgur, Umit Avrutin, Vitaliy Topsakal, Erdem Virginia Commonwealth Univ Coll Engn Dept Elect & Comp Engn 907 Floyd Ave Richmond VA 23284 USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Coll Engn Nanomat Core Characterizat Facil 907 Floyd Ave Richmond VA 23284 USA

Wearable biosensors for continuous health monitoring, particularly those used for glucose detection, have a limited operational lifetime due to biodegradation and fouling. As a result, patients must change sensors frequently, increasing cost and patient discomfort. arrays of multiple sensors, where the individual devices can be activated on demand, increase overall operational longevity, thereby reducing cost and improving patient outcomes. This work demonstrates the feasibility of this approach via decomposition of combustible nitrocellulose membranes that protect the individual sensors from exposure to bioanalytes using a current pulse. Metal contacts, connected by graphene-loaded PEDOT:PSS polymer on the surface of the membrane, deliver the required energy to decompose the membrane. Nitrocellulose membranes with a thickness of less than 1 mu m consistently transfer on to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) wells. An electrical energy as low as 68 mJ has been shown to suffice for membrane decomposition.

关键词： biosensor array pulse current activation continuous glucose monitoring

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Electrochemical biosensors for Blood-Borne Viruses Detection: A Review

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CHEMNANOMAT 2024年第9期10卷

作者： Ketabi, Kiana Mohammadinejad, Arash Soleimanjahi, Hoorieh Rezayi, Majid Meshkat, Zahra Tarbiat Modares Univ Fac Med Sci Dept Virol Tehran Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Sch Med Dept Med Biotechnol & Nanotechnol Mashhad Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Med Toxicol Res Ctr Mashhad Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Antimicrobial Resistance Res Ctr Mashhad Iran

This review article discusses the advancements in electrochemical biosensors for detecting blood-borne viruses. Infections like HBV, HCV, HIV, and HTLV transmitted through blood can be life-threatening and have significant impact on both the health and social life. Therefore, timely diagnosis of these infections is crucial. Various effective diagnostic methods have been developed to detect these infections. The combination of nanotechnology and biology has led to creation of new diagnostic techniques using electrodes to detect microorganisms. This review aims to summarize recent studies on the performance of electrochemical biosensors for detecting blood-borne viruses in the last five years, comparing their characteristics, limits of detection, and other relevant parameters. Blood-borne viral infections can be lethal to humans. The use of diagnostic electrochemical biosensors for the detection of blood-borne viruses has attracted scientists' attention due to these positive features. In this review, a research evaluation has been done on the last five years of studies in the field of using electrochemical biosensors for the detection of blood-borne viral infections. image

关键词： Electrochemistry biosensors Blood-borne viruses Clinical diagnosis biosensor array

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An Integrated Circuit for Galvanostatic Electrodeposition of on-chip Electrochemical Sensors 29

An Integrated Circuit for Galvanostatic Electrodeposition of...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (IEEE ICECS)

作者： Li, Minghao Gill, Atal A. S. Vanhoestenberghe, Anne Ghoreishizadeh, Sara S. UCL Div Surg & Intervent Sci London England UCL Dept Elect & Elect Engn London England Kings Coll London Sch Biomed Engn & Imaging Sci London England

ISBN: (数字)9781665488235

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488235

This paper presents the design of an integrated circuit (IC) for (i) galvanostatic deposition of sensor layers on the on-chip pads, which serve as the sensor's base layer, and (ii) amperometric readout of electrochemical sensors. The system consists of three main circuit blocks: the electrochemical cell including a 4x4 electrode array, two Beta-multiplier based current generators and one pA-size current generator for galvanostatic electrodeposition, and a switch-capacitor based amperometric readout circuit for sensor current measurement. The circuits are designed and simulated in a 180-nm CMOS process. The three current reference circuits generate a stable current from 7.2 pA to 88 mu A with low process, power supply voltage and temperature (PVT) sensitivity. The pA-size current generator has a temperature coefficient of 517.8 ppm/degrees C on average (across corners) in the range of 0 to 60 degrees C. The line regulation is 4.4 %/V over a supply voltage range of 0.8-3 V. The feasibility of galvanostatic deposition on on-chip pads is validated by applying a fixed current of 300 nA to electrochemically deposit a gold layer on top of electrodes with nickel/zinc as the adhesive layer for gold. Successful deposition of gold was confirmed using optical microscope images of the on-chip electrodes.

关键词： current reference subthreshold region sensor fabrication potentiostat biosensor array complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electrochemical sensor

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High-throughput impedance spectroscopy biosensor array chip

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PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2014年第2012期372卷 5-5页

作者： Liu, Xiaowen Li, Lin Mason, Andrew J. Michigan State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn E Lansing MI 48824 USA

Impedance spectroscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing materials that exhibit a frequency dependent behaviour to an applied electric field. This paper introduces a fully integrated multi-channel impedance extraction circuit that can both generate AC stimulus signals over a broad frequency range and also measure and digitize the real and imaginary components of the impedance response. The circuit was fabricated in a 0.5 mu m complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. Tailored for cellular membrane interface characterization, the signal generator produces sinusoidal waves from 10 mHz to 10 kHz. To suit a variety of applications, the impedance extraction circuit provides a programmable current measurement range from 100 pA to 100 nA with a measured resolution of approximately 100 fA. Occupying only 0.045 mm(2) per measurement channel, the circuit is compact enough to include nearly 200 channels in a 3 x 3 mm(2) die area.

关键词： complementary metal-oxide semiconductor impedance spectroscopy biosensor array frequency synthesizer

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array-based differential sensing of cancer cells using DNA-templated silver nanoclusters 17

Array-based differential sensing of cancer cells using DNA-t...

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Symposium on Nanoscale Imaging, Sensing, and Actuation for Biomedical Applications, held at SPIE BiOS Conference

作者： Hong, Soonwoo Kuo, Yu-An Nguyen, Trung Chen, Yuan-, I Liu, Yen-Liang Shankar, Prathyush B. Yeh, Hsin-Chih Univ Texas Austin Dept Biomed Engn Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Austin Texas Mat Inst Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510632714;9781510632721

While differential sensing has the potential to discriminate millions to trillions of analytes based on hundreds of sensing elements', most of the current differential sensor arrays have limited scalability, with only a handful of recognition elements demonstrated. Here we demonstrate a novel differential sensor array based on a class of organic/inorganic hybrid fluorophores, DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (DNA/Ag NCs), that not only has great scalability but also combine both recognition element and signal transduction element into one unit. Six DNA/Ag NC sensors were designed to classify the lysates of six breast epithelial and cancer cell lines with distinct metastatic potential. While MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 lysates showed significantly different fluorescence signatures upon interaction with the sensor array, other cell lines were also differentiable. Our method is simple, versatile, low-cost, reliable, and scalable.

关键词： Differential sensing biosensor array silver nanoclusters fluorescence sensors

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Development of conductometric biosensor array for simultaneous determination of maltose, lactose, sucrose and glucose

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TALANTA 2013年 115卷 200-207页

作者： Soldatkin, O. O. Peshkova, V. M. Saiapina, O. Y. Kucherenko, I. S. Dudchenko, O. Y. Melnyk, V. G. Vasylenko, O. D. Semenycheva, L. M. Soldatkin, A. P. Dzyadevych, S. V. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine Inst Mol Biol & Genet Lab Biomol Elect UA-03143 Kiev Ukraine Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kyiv Inst High Technol UA-01003 Kiev Ukraine Natl Acad Sci Ukraine Inst Electrodynam Dept Elect & Magnet Measurements UA-03680 Kiev Ukraine

The aim of this work was to develop an array of biosensors for simultaneous determination of four carbohydrates in solution. Several enzyme systems selective to lactose, maltose, sucrose and glucose were immobilised on the surface of four conductometric transducers and served as bio-recognition elements of the biosensor array. Direct enzyme analysis carried out by the developed biosensors was highly sensitive to the corresponding substrates. The analysis lasted 2 min. The dynamic range of substrate determination extended from 0.001 mM to 1.0-3.0 mM, and strongly depended on the enzyme system used. An effect of the solution pH, ionic strength and buffer capacity on the biosensors responses was investigated;the conditions of simultaneous operation of all biosensors were optimised. The data on cross-impact of the substrates of all biosensors were obtained;the biosensor selectivity towards possible interfering carbohydrates was tested. The developed biosensor array showed good signal reproducibility and storage stability. The biosensor array is suited for simultaneous, quick, simple, and selective determination of maltose, lactose, sucrose and glucose. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Conductometric transducer biosensor array Sucrose Glucose Maltose Lactose

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Design of a bioelectronic tongue for glucose monitoring using zinc oxide nanofibers and graphene derivatives

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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS REPORTS 2021年 3卷

作者： Mercante, Luiza A. Andre, Rafaela S. Facure, Murilo H. M. Fugikawa-Santos, Lucas Correa, Daniel S. Fed Univ Bahia UFBA Inst Chem BR-40170280 Salvador BA Brazil Embrapa Instrumentacao Nanotechnol Natl Lab Agr LNNA BR-13560970 Sao Carlos SP Brazil Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar Ctr Exact Sci & Technol Dept Chem PPGQ BR-13565905 Sao Carlos SP Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ Inst Geosci & Exact Sci Phys Dept UNESP BR-13506900 Rio Claro SP Brazil

Monitoring glucose levels is critical for diabetes management and might be a key step in the development of individualized treatment strategies. In this scenario, tracking salivary glucose has been recognized as a promising strategy due to its merits of ease sampling and non-invasive nature. In this paper, we report on the development of an electrical impedance-based biosensor array to distinguish glucose at different concentrations in saliva. The enzymatic biosensors were made of gold interdigitated electrodes coated with pristine electrospun zinc oxide nanofibers (NFZ) and NFZ combined with graphene-based nanomaterials (i.e., reduced graphene oxide - rGO and graphene quantum dots - GQDs), on which a layer of glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme was adsorbed. Electrical impedance measurements indicate that the NFZ-GQDs@GOx and NFZ-rGO@GOx platforms presented good linear relationship with glucose concentration in the range of 0.1 to 6 mM. The highest sensitivity was reached for NFZ-rGO@GOx with a detection limit (LOD) of 14 mu M, while the LOD was 32 mu M for NFZ-GQDs@GOx. Both biosensors were also capable of detecting glucose in artificial saliva using aliquots of 10 mu L, with recovery between 87.3 and 106.8%. Furthermore, the three sensing units (NFZ@GOx, NFZ-rGO@GOx and NFZ-GQDs@GOx) were employed to build a bioelectronic tongue. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique to project the electrical impedance data of all sensing units allowed the discrimination of the different glucose concentrations and interferents. This study reveals the applicability of the developed bioelectronic tongue as noninvasive glucose sensors, which approach could also be pottentially adapted to detect other disease biomarkers present in saliva.

关键词： Electrospinning Electrospun nanofibers Reduced graphene oxide Graphene quantum dots Glucose detection biosensor array

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