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bit-interleaved coded modulation Revisited: A Mismatched Decoding Perspective

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2009年第6期55卷 2756-2765页

作者： Martinez, Alfonso Guillen i Fabregas, Albert Caire, Giuseppe Willems, Frans M. J. Ctr Wiskunde & Informat NL-1090 GB Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Cambridge Dept Engn Cambridge CB2 1PZ England Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90080 USA Tech Univ Eindhoven Dept Elect Engn NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands

We revisit the information-theoretic analysis of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) by modeling the BICM decoder as a mismatched decoder. The mismatched decoding model is well defined for finite, yet arbitrary, block lengths, and naturally captures the channel memory among the bits belonging to the same symbol. We give two independent proofs of the achievability of the BICM capacity calculated by Caire et al., where BICM was modeled as a set of independent parallel binary-input channels whose output is the bitwise log-likelihood ratio. Our first achievability proof uses typical sequences, and shows that due to the random coding construction, the interleaver is not required. The second proof is based on the random coding error exponents with mismatched decoding, where the largest achievable rate is the generalized mutual information. Moreover, the generalized mutual information of the mismatched decoder coincides with the infinite-interleaver BICM capacity. We show that the error exponent-and hence the cutoff rate-of the BICM mismatched decoder is upper-bounded by that of coded modulation and may thus be lower than in the infinite-interleaved model;for binary reflected Gray mapping in Gaussian channels the loss in error exponent is small. We also consider the mutual information appearing in the analysis of iterative decoding of BICM with extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts: if the symbol metric has knowledge of the transmitted symbol, EXIT mutual information admits a representation as a pseudo-generalized mutual information, which is in general not achievable. A different symbol decoding metric, for which the extrinsic side information refers to the hypothesized symbol, induces a generalized mutual information lower than the coded modulation capacity. In this case, perfect extrinsic side information turns the mismatched-decoder error exponent into that of coded modulation.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation coded modulation cutoff rate error exponents generalized mutual information iterative decoding maximum-likelihood decoding mismatched decoding

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bit-interleaved coded modulation in the Wideband Regime

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2008年第12期54卷 5447-5455页

作者： Martinez, Alfonso Guillen i Fabregas, Albert Caire, Giuseppe Willems, Frans M. J. Tech Univ Eindhoven Dept Elect Engn NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands Univ Cambridge Dept Engn Cambridge CB2 1PZ England Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

The wideband regime of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) in Gaussian channels is studied. The Taylor expansion of the coded modulation capacity for generic signal constellations at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is derived and used to determine the corresponding expansion for the BICM capacity. Simple formulas for the minimum energy per bit and the wideband slope are given. BICM is found to be suboptimal in the sense that its minimum energy per bit can he larger than the corresponding value for coded modulation schemes. The minimum energy per bit using standard Gray mapping on M-PAM or M-2-QAM is given by a simple formula and shown to approach - 0.34 dB as M increases. Using the low SNR expansion., a general tradeoff between power and bandwidth in the wideband regime is used to show how a power loss can be traded off against a bandwidth gain.

关键词： Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel bit-interleaved coded modulation coded modulation Rayleigh fading channel wideband regime

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bit-interleaved coded modulation for Phase Shift Keying on the Hypersphere

Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation for Phase Shift Keying on t...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

作者： Rachinger, Christoph Mueller, Ralf R. Huber, Johannes B. Univ Erlangen Nueremberg Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509040964

We analyze the performance of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) for MIMO systems employing Phase Shift Keying on the Hypersphere (PSKH), an extension of conventional PSK to higher dimensions. Because the quality of BICM relies on the bit-mapping between coded bits and signal points, PSKH constellations with superior distance properties and capacities might have poor power efficiency. In this paper, we analyze these losses in power efficiency and propose a new method to generate PSKH constellations, i.e., spherical codes, together with a BICM optimized bit-mapping. It turns out that for one bit per real dimension, individual QPSK per antenna is optimal, whereas for other constellation sizes notable gains can be achieved.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation multiple-input multiple-output coded modulation spherical codes

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bit-interleaved coded modulation with shaping

Bit-interleaved coded modulation with shaping

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2010 IEEE Information Theory Workshop, ITW 2010

作者： I Fabregas, Albert Guillen Martinez, Alfonso Department of Engineering University of Cambridge United Kingdom Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424482641

The performance of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) with shaping (i.e., non-equiprobable bit probabilities) is studied. For the AWGN channel, the rates achievable with BICM and shaping are practically identical to those of coded modulation or multilevel coding, virtually closing the gap that made BICM suboptimal in terms of information rates. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： AWGN channel AWGN channels bit-interleaved coded modulation interleaved codes modulation multilevel coding shaping

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Adaptive bit-interleaved coded modulation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2001年第9期49卷 1572-1581页

作者： Örmeci, P Liu, XT Goeckel, DL Wesel, RD Univ Massachusetts Dept Elect & Comp Engn Amherst MA 01003 USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Adaptive coded modulation is a powerful method for achieving a high spectral efficiency over fading channels. Recently proposed adaptive schemes have employed set-partitioned trellis-coded modulation (TCM) and have adapted the number of uncoded bits on a given symbol based on the corresponding channel estimate. However, these adaptive TCM schemes will not perform well in systems where channel estimates are unreliable, since uncoded bits are not protected from unexpected fading. In this paper, adaptive bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is introduced. Adaptive BICM schemes remove the need for parallel branches in the trellis-even when adapting the constellation size, thus making these schemes robust to errors made in the estimation of the current channel fading value. This motivates the design of adaptive BICM schemes, which will lead to adaptive systems that can support users with higher mobility than those considered in previous work. In such systems, numerical results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve a moderate bandwidth efficiency gain over previously proposed adaptive schemes and conventional (nonadaptive) schemes of similar complexity.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation time-varying fading channels trellis-coded modulation

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Linear precoders for bit-interleaved coded modulation on AWGN channels: Analysis and design criteria

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2008年第1期54卷 87-99页

作者： Simoens, Frederik Wymeersch, Henk Moeneclaey, Marc Univ Ghent Dept Telecommun & Informat Proc B-9000 Ghent Belgium MIT Informat & Decis Syst Lab Cambridge MA 02139 USA

This paper investigates linear precoding for bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) on additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Concatenating a linear precoder as an inner encoder with an outer (convolutional) encoder produces a powerful code with a limited decoding complexity. Linear precoders are examined and optimized for two scenarios: using i) a noniterative decoding strategy and ii) an iterative decoding strategy under a perfect feedback assumption. The precoder design is based on an information-theoretical approach, on the one hand, and a pairwise error probability (PEP) analysis, on the other hand. Both approaches render convenient precoder design rules. For a binary phse-shift keying (BPSK) signal set, the optimal precoders that result from these rules are also derived. Numerical results confirm the analytical findings and simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation channel capacity iterative decoding mapping design precoding

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Iterative low-complexity multi-user detection for asynchronous multi-sequence signalling based bit-interleaved coded modulation code division multiple access systems

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2007年第4期1卷 628-637页

作者： Tseng, D-F. Lu, K-C. Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Taipei 106 Taiwan

An uplink direct sequence spread spectrum communications systems employing a multi-sequence model over a quasi-static frequency-selective fading channel is considered. In analogy with bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) technique, a group of bits at the output of a bit-wise interleaver is mapped uniquely to a complex signalling vector belonging to an orthogonal plane sequence modulation signal space, which is constructed over a set of expanded signature sequences. This transmission system provides not only bandwidth efficiency offered by additional signal planes but also time diversity resulting from the BICM technique. It is observed that at high system traffic load error performance could degrade substantially due to user cross-correlations, multi-access asynchronism as well as channel frequency selectivity. The authors employ a 'turbo principle' receiver, consisting of a soft interference cancellation scheme, soft demappers and maximum a posteriori decoders, to avert this capacity loss by exploiting the serially concatenating structure at the transmitter. After simple mathematical manipulation, a soft space-time linear minimum mean-square error multi-user detector could even be explored on the basis of per signal plane per user. Both analytical performance-bound and computer simulation of the proposed framework in terms of bit-error rate (BER) are revealed. Further, performance comparisons with convolutionally coded and conventional bandwidth-efficient coded direct sequence code division multiple access systems under the same system conditions are illustrated. The authors have also investigated the impact of labelling maps on the BER performance.

关键词： multiuser detection space-time linear minimum mean-square error multiuser detector code division multiple access systems fading channels turbo principle receiver modulation coding telecommunication traffic system traffic load error code division multiple access least mean squares methods quasi-static frequency-selective fading channel direct sequence spread spectrum communications systems asynchronous multisequence signalling iterative low-complexity multiuser detection bit-interleaved coded modulation soft interference cancellation scheme interference suppression soft demappers error statistics bit-error rate bandwidth efficiency spread spectrum communication telecommunication signalling maximum a posteriori decoders

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EXIT-Chart Aided Near-Capacity Irregular bit-interleaved coded modulation Design

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2009年第1期8卷 32-37页

作者： Tee, Ronald Y. S. Maunder, Robert G. Hanzo, Lajos Univ Southampton Sch ECS Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

A near-capacity irregular bit-interleaved coded modulation based Iterative Decoding (Ir-BICM-ID) aided scheme is proposed. The irregular design of the scheme pervades the three basic components of BICM-ID, namely the encoder, the unity-rate precoder and the bit-to-symbol mapper. As a result, irregular BICM-ID schemes constituted by irregular components are created, which are capable of approaching the capacity of coded modulation. This is achieved by creating a marginally open EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) chart. tunnel, and exploiting the theorem that the open tunnel's area is characteristic of how closely the scheme operates to the channel's capacity. The proposed Ir-BICM-ID scheme employs Irregular Convolutional Codes (IrCC), Irregular Unity-Rate Codes (IrURC) and Irregular Mappers (IrMapper).

关键词： EXIT-chart near-capacity system performance irregular codes bit-interleaved coded modulation BICM

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Channel capacity of bit-interleaved coded modulation schemes using 8-ary signal constellations

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2002年第4期38卷 187-189页

作者： Le Goff, SY Etisalat Coll Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates

The object of the work described was to determine the 8-ary signal sets that maximise the coding gains achieved by power-efficient bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) schemes over an additive white Gaussian noise channel. To this end, the channel capacity limit of BICM for several 8-ary constellations has been evaluated. It is shown that the most suitable constellation for designing a BICM scheme depends on the desired spectral efficiency of the system.

关键词： coding gains bit-by-bit interleaving error correction codes concatenated codes interleaved codes additive white Gaussian noise channel AWGN channel spectral efficiency bit-interleaved coded modulation binary codes channel capacity binary error-correcting coding modulation and coding methods modulation coding AWGN channels serial concatenation

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A Simple Approximation for the bit-interleaved coded modulation Capacity

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2014年第3期18卷 495-498页

作者： Alvarado, Alex Brannstrom, Fredrik Agrell, Erik Univ Cambridge Dept Engn Cambridge CB2 1PZ England Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Signals & Syst SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

The generalized mutual information (GMI) is an achievable rate for bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) and is highly dependent on the binary labeling of the constellation. The BICM-GMI, sometimes called the BICM capacity, can be evaluated numerically. This approach, however, becomes impractical when the number of constellation points and/or the constellation dimensionality grows, or when many different labelings are considered. A simple approximation for the BICM-GMI based on the area theorem of the demapper's extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) function is proposed. Numerical results show the proposed approximation gives good estimates of the BICM-GMI for labelings with close to linear EXIT functions, which includes labelings of common interest, such as the natural binary code, binary reflected Gray code, etc. This approximation is used to optimize the binary labeling of the 32-APSK constellation defined in the DVB-S2 standard. Gains of approximately 0.15 dB are obtained.

关键词： Binary labeling bit-interleaved coded modulation extrinsic information transfer mutual information

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