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Optimized particle swarm optimization for faster and accurate video compression

MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2022年第16期81卷 23289-23310页

作者： Saikia, Monjul Choudhury, Hussain Ahmed Sinha, Nidul North Eastern Reg Inst Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Nirjuli 791109 Arunachal Prade India VIT Andhra Pradesh Dept CSE Amaravati India Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Silchar 788010 Assam India

The motion of objects in a video from one frame to another must be estimated quickly to speed up the video compression process. However, this should not deteriorate the visual appearance of the contents beyond the appropriate scope. This paper proposes improvisation of the fundamental Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), known as Optimized PSO, to balance video compression quality and speed. The inertia portion of the particle velocity is modified dynamically to address the quality needed and broadly defines the movement to the global best place. To make the process quicker, additional stopping parameters, including predefined block distortion measurement, i.e., thresholds and the early identification of static macroblocks, are used to eradicate the movement estimation process for non-moving macroblocks. A small diamond search pattern is also implemented to investigate the impact of search patterns on optimizing the particulate swarm on the motion estimation process. The detailed simulations performed on different videos have proved that the proposed Optimized PSO versions for the block matching algorithm surpass several current modular block matching algorithms. It also produces even better estimation precision and speed than the possible particle swarm optimization-based motion estimation. The proposed versions of PSO-BMA referred to as Optimized PSOs have gained a speed up to 90-95% than that of FS with an acceptable compromise between the qualities of the reconstructed image.

关键词： block matching algorithm Motion estimation MAD Particle swarm optimization Cost function

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A New Fast Bloc matching algorithm Using Unsupervised Bayesian Classifier with Bootstrap Gaussian Expectation Maximization algorithm

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SN Computer Science 2023年第3期4卷 296页

作者： Kerfa, Djoudi Ghorbel, Faouzi CaSiCCE Research Laboratory Electrical Department National School of Polytechnic Engineering of Oran Maurice Audin (Ex-Enset) PB 1523 El M’Naouar 31000 Algeria Cristal Research Laboratory National School of Informatics Sciences Campus University Manouba 2010 Tunisia

This paper proposes a two-step block matching algorithm for motion estimation. To reduce the algorithmic complexity, the unsupervised Bayesian classifier with resampling bootstrap Gaussian expectation of maximization algorithm serves to detect the static and dynamic blocks, and the bloc matching algorithm with star diamond pattern is used to search final position of dynamic blocks. A comparative study with other algorithms has shown the proposed method can achieve faster computation with good PSNR values. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： block matching algorithm Bootstrap Gaussian expectation maximization algorithm Motion estimation Unsupervised Bayesian classifier

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Quality improvement of motion-compensated frame interpolation by self-similarity based context feature

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2022年第17期81卷 24301-24318页

作者： Li, Ran Hao, Peinan Sun, Fengyuan Li, Yanling You, Lei Xinyang Normal Univ Sch Comp & Informat Technol Xinyang 464000 Peoples R China Guilin Univ Elect Technol Guangxi Key Lab Wireless Wideband Commun & Signal Guilin 541004 Peoples R China

block matching algorithm (BMA) is the core of Motion-Compensated Frame Interpolation (MCFI), and its accuracy greatly affects the interpolation quality of MCFI. To improve BMA accuracy, this paper proposes the use of a self-similarity based context feature to improve the matching accuracy of BMA. First, we extract the patch centered at any pixel in a block, and perform the self-similarity descriptor to generate its correlation surface. Second, the correlation surface is statistically measured to represent the context feature, and the context cube of a block is produced by attaching the corresponding context feature to each pixel. Finally, we fuse the context cube into bidirectional matching criterion of BMA to get the motion vector field of the absent frame, and predict the absent frame by using motion compensation interpolation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the BMA accuracy with a low computational complexity, and is better than the traditional MCFI algorithms in terms of both objective and subjective quality of the interpolated frames.

关键词： Motion-compensated frame interpolation Self-similarity Context cube block matching algorithm Bidirectional motion estimation

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Ant weight-lifting algorithm for motion estimation

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Iran Journal of Computer Science 2023年第3期6卷 207-219页

作者： Acharjee, Suvojit Chaudhuri, Sheli Sinha Department of ETCE Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India

Every video coding standard includes and requires motion estimation and compensation. The full search algorithm, which provides the best motion estimation, has a very high computation cost. Researchers have developed several algorithms to reduce the cost of computation. However, most of these algorithms become trapped in local minima during the search. Population-based evolutionary algorithms are widely used to develop a computationally efficient and cost-effective motion estimation strategy. The most recent effort used the Jaya algorithm to develop a motion estimation process that outperformed the state-of-the-art test zone search algorithm. In this study, a motion estimation algorithm based on the ant weight-lifting approach is proposed. Previously, the ant weight-lifting algorithm was used to solve a variety of problems, such as image segmentation, signal compression, and so on. The ant weight-lifting algorithm's computation cost was reduced by adopting a fitness estimation method that uses nearest-neighbor interpolation and an early termination strategy. Compared to Jaya algorithm-based motion estimation, the proposed algorithm executes up to 3% more quickly and exhibits up to 1.2 dB less distortion. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Ant weight lifting block matching block matching algorithm Motion estimation VVC

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Modeling of Nano Piezoelectric Actuator Based on block matching algorithm with Optimal block Size

Modeling of Nano Piezoelectric Actuator Based on Block Match...

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IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation (ICIA)

作者： Wei, Yangjie Wu, Chengdong Dong, Zaili He, Yuqing Northeastern Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Wenhua Str 3 Shenyang Peoples R China Shenyang Inst Automat CAS State Key Lab Robot Shenyang Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479913343

In this paper, a new hysteresis modeling method based on an improved sub-pixel blocking matching algorithm with an optimal block size and the Preisach model is proposed to model the hysteresis behavior of a nano piezoelectric actuator (PA) on nano scale in a real time system. First, the Preisach model about the hysteresis behavior of a piezoelectric actuator is introduced. Then, a real time block matching algorithm is proposed and its block size is optimized with a standard object. Finally, experiments are conducted with respect to a nano-meter movement platform system, and the results show the feasibility and validity of the sub-pixel estimation based block matching algorithm and its application in modeling the hysteresis behavior of PA.

关键词： Hysteresis modeling block matching algorithm Preisach model nano

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Predictive Rood Pattern Search for Efficient Video Compression 1

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5th International Conference on Advances in Computing and Data Sciences (ICACDS)

作者： Choudhury, Hussain Ahmed CVR Coll Engn Hyderabad 501510 India

ISBN: (数字)9783030814625

ISBN: (纸本)9783030814625;9783030814618

The modern era of digital communication heavily relied on video for information, communication, and education. Videos are becoming an integral part of the digital world. The tremendous use of videos leads to the production of a high amount of data sometimes referred to as Big Data. So to process this much data with limited resources is impossible if videos are not compressed properly and efficiently. The heart of video compression is the process that predicts the movement of an object from one frame to another by using different block matching algorithms and is called motion estimation. Many block matching algorithms were reported to carry out the motion estimation to date but none of the research work considered the direction of movement of Macro blocks i.e. objects while applying any algorithm. The proposed work titled Predictive Rood Pattern Search (PRPS), here will first identify the direction of movement of the object and apply the best suitable algorithms out of the existing but best among the reported works which consider the correlation between the current macroblock and the neighboring macroblock. The obtained results show the efficiency of the new algorithms over the other algorithms while providing the option of selecting the proper algorithm based on direction.

关键词： block matching algorithm Mean absolute difference DI PSNR

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Disparities selection controlled by the compensated image quality for a given bitrate

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SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING 2020年第6期14卷 1143-1151页

作者： Kadri, Imen Dauphin, Gabriel Mokraoui, Anissa Lachiri, Zied Univ Paris 13 L2TI Inst Galilee Villetaneuse France Univ Tunis El Manar LSITI Ecole Natl Ingn Tunis Tunis Tunisia

A stereoscopic image consists of two views rendering a depth sense. Indeed each eye is constrained to look at one view, and the small objects displacements across the two views are interpreted as an indication of depth. These displacements are exploited as specific inter-view redundancies from a compression viewpoint. The classical still compression scheme, called disparity-compensated compression scheme, compresses one view independently of the second view, and a block-based disparity map modeling the displacements is losslessly compressed. The difference between the original view and its disparity predicted view is then compressed and used by the decoder to compute the compensated view to improve the disparity predicted view. However, a proof of concept work has already shown that selecting disparities according to the compensated view, instead of the predicted view, yields increased rate-distortion performance. This paper derives from the JPEG-coder, a disparity-dependent analytic expression of the distortion induced by the compensated view. This expression is embedded into an algorithm with a reasonable numerical complexity approaching the performance obtained with the proof of concept work. The proposed algorithm, called fast disparity-compensated block matching algorithm, provides at the same bitrate an average performance increase as compared to the classical stereoscopic image coding schemes.

关键词： Stereoscopic image Compression Disparity compensation block matching algorithm JPEG-distortion

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Extraction of left-ventricular torsion angle from the long-axis view by block-matching algorithm: Comparison with the short-axis view

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ULTRASONICS 2013年第2期53卷 552-560页

作者： Arab-Baferani, Zahra Mokhtari-Dizaji, Manijhe Roshanali, Farideh Tarbiat Modares Univ Dept Med Phys Tehran Iran Day Hosp Dept Cardiol Tehran Iran

Introduction: Due to limitations in measuring the torsion angle in the short-axis view when studying through-plane motion and so it is dependent on reference levels, in this study, we follow myocardial movement along the long-axis of the left ventricle (LV). Then, LV torsion is estimated in the long-axis view and compared with LV torsion in the short-axis view. Materials and methods: Two dimensional echocardiographic images of healthy persons were recorded in cine loop format position throughout four cardiac cycles at basal and apical levels in the long-and short-axis views. The motion vectors for reign of interest in the horizontal and vertical directions were obtained by block matching algorithm. Correlation between the values of automated analysis and manual tracing was performed by Pearson correlation analysis. Then, the maximum rotation angles of the short-and long-axis views at basal and apical levels were assessed. Left-ventricular torsion angles in short-axis and long-axis views were calculated and compared based on rotation angles. Results: There was a high correlation between the measured myocardial wall displacement of automated analysis (BM algorithm) and manual tracing (R = 0.96, p < 0.05). The maximum rotation angles of basal and apical levels in the short-axis view are 7.96 +/- 1.57 degrees and 9.49 +/- 1.72 degrees and so in the long-axis view are 18.51 +/- 3.41 degrees and 14.74 +/- 2.91 degrees, respectively. The LV torsion angles and the time to reach peak LV torsion angles in the short-axis views are 17.26 +/- 2.53 degrees, 293 +/- 26 ms and in the long-axis view are 32.26 +/- 5.60 degrees and 290 +/- 22 ms respectively. There was a high correlation between the left-ventricular torsion angle in the short-axis view and the long-axis view (R = 0.92, p < 0.05). There was also a high correlation between the time to reach peak left-ventricular torsion angle in the short-axis view as compared to the long-axis view (R = 0.97, p < 0.05). Conclusion: This

关键词： Echocardiography Left ventricle Torsion angle Long-axis view block matching algorithm

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Nature inspired algorithms (NIA) for efficient video compression - A brief study

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ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH 2020年第3期23卷 507-526页

作者： Choudhury, Hussain Ahmed Sinha, Nidul Saikia, Monjul Natl Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Silchar 788010 Assam India Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Silchar 788010 Assam India NERIST Dept Comp Sc & Engn Nirjuli Arunachal Prade India

Motion Estimation in a video is a challenging optimization problem where the objective is to minimize the error or to maximize the correlation between a Macro block (MB) in current frame and MB in the reference frame and to find the best matching MB. As the pace of development of conventional Pattern-Based block matching algorithms was very fast and also so many in numbers that it almost got saturated. But at the same time rapid development of new algorithms based on natural genetics to exploit intelligence such as genetic algorithms, evolutionary algorithm, particle swarm optimization and differential evolution show the potential of these algorithms in optimization and gave researchers a broad dimension to apply such nature inspired algorithms in the field of motion estimation. Subsequently, researchers started implementing one by one many nature-inspired algorithms, sometimes referred to as soft computing techniques, for solving the optimization problem of motion estimation and proved that soft computing techniques have huge advantages over the conventional pattern-based or prediction based block matching algorithms. In this paper, several nature-inspired algorithms that are implemented for video motion estimation are reviewed and the performance is compared to highlight the competitive advantages of soft computing techniques over existing fixed pattern search algorithms. (C) 2019 Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Video compression block matching algorithm Motion estimation Nature-inspired algorithms Genetic algorithms

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Phase-based frame interpolation method for videos with high accuracy using odd frames

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2020年第3期33卷 199-210页

作者： Amutha, S. Vinsley, S. S. Loyola Inst Technol & Sci Dept CSE Thovalai Tamil Nadu India Lourdes Mt Coll Engn & Technol Dept ECE Mullankinavilai Tamil Nadu India

In this venture, an imaginative unpredictability movement that has low vector preparing calculation toward the end side is proposed for movement repaid video vector frame interpolation. By handling this calculation, we typically demonstrates the issues of broken edges and disfigured structures in an inserted frame by progressively refining movement vectors on various square sizes. In the proposed strategy, the info has been taken as video rather than pictures in the current framework and the recuperation yield is taken as pictures and further process has been experienced to get the yield as video. There are some extraordinary systems in this strategy, for example, stage-based interpolation method, multistage movement repaid interpolation, and so forth is usually used to get high reason picture with diminished haze in the pictures to get the unmistakable picture of the information videos. Exploratory outcomes will demonstrate the visual quality, toughness in the video groupings containing quick moving video.

关键词： motion compensated frame interpolation MCFI block matching algorithm BMA phase-based interpolation steerable pyramid blending technique odd frames optical stream motion vectors MV frame rate up transformation technique

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