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Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XVI

作者： Estalayo, Enrique Salgado, Luis Jaureguizar, Fernando Garcia, Narciso Univ Politecn Madrid Grp Tratamiento Imagenes E-28040 Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)081946290X

This paper presents a system which automatically detects moving targets contained in aerial sequences of FLIR images under heavy cluttered conditions. In these situations, the detection of moving targets is generally carried out through the implementation of segmentation and tracking techniques based on the images correlation maintained by the static camera hypothesis. However, detection procedures cannot rely on this correlation when the camera is airborne and, therefore, image stabilization techniques are usually introduced previously to the detection process. Nevertheless, the use of stabilization algorithms has been often applied to terrestrial sequences and assuming a high computational cost. To overcome these limitations, we propose an innovative and efficient strategy, with a block-based estimation and an affine transformation, operating on a multi-resolution approach for recovering from the ego-motion. Next, once the images have been compensated on the highest resolution image and refined to avoid distortions produced in the sampling process, a dynamic differences-based segmentation followed by a morphological filtering strategy is applied. The novelty of our strategy relies on the relaxation of the pre-assumed hypothesis and, hence, on the enhancement of its applicability, and also by further reducing its computational cost, thanks to the application of a multi-resolution algorithm. The experiments performed have obtained excellent results and, although the complexity of the system arises, the application of the multi-resolution approach has proved to dramatically reduce the global computational cost.

关键词： automatic target detection FLIR images digital image estabilization multi-resolution approach motion estimation block-matching algorithm

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A new diamond-arc-hexagon search algorithm for fast block motion estimation

A new diamond-arc-hexagon search algorithm for fast block mo...

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6th IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology

作者： Lin, Han-Ting Chiang, Jen-Shiun Tamkang Univ Dept Elect Engn Tamsui Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780780397538

This work presents a new block motion estimation approach, diamond-arc-hexagon search (DAHS), which uses diamond, arc, and hexagon search patterns to accomplish the fast searching process. According to the characteristic of the center-based motion vector distribution for the real-world video sequence, DAHS employs a small diamond pattern extended hexagon search to refine the central area search. Furthermore for the estimation in large motion situations, the strategy of the large diamond-to-arc search can keep the performance well. Experimental results indicate that DAHS is both suitable for (quasi-) stationary and large motion searches. DAHS outperforms the efficient three-step (E3SS) and hexagon-based search (HEXBS) in prediction quality, and improves the searching speed about 9% compared to E3SS.

关键词： motion estimation block-matching algorithm video coding

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Adaptive irregular pattern search with matching prejudgment for fast block-matching motion estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2005年第6期15卷 789-794页

作者： Nie, Y Ma, KK Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

In this paper, a simple and effective fast block matching algorithm (BMA) is proposed, called adaptive irregular pattern search with matching prejudgment (AIPS-MP). In the AIPS-MP, a dynamic search pattern, adaptive irregular pattern (AIP), is constructed for each block based on its spatial and temporal neighboring motion vectors (MVs). The AIP is used to quickly identify the best center point for the follow-up refined search to effectively reduce unnecessary intermediate searches and avoid the search trapping at local-minimum matching error position. The construction of the AIP jointly takes the tradeoff of rate and distortion into consideration and favors the differential coding of MVs. The matching prejudgment (MP) is imbedded in the AIPS and exploits an adaptive threshold determined for each block based on the prediction error of the temporal neighboring block. The simulation results show that the proposed AIPS-MP consistently achieves very close, and sometimes even higher, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) than the full search, while achieving 167.6-871.5 times of speed-up or computational gain, measured in terms of the average number of search points per MV generation. It also greatly outperforms two well-referenced fast BMAs, the diamond search and the motion vector field adaptive search technique (MVFAST), adopted in the MPEG-4 Verification Model and the Optimization Model, respectively, on the average PSNR and the search speed.

关键词： adaptive irregular pattern block-matching algorithm fast motion estimation low bit-rate video compression matching prejudgment rate-distortion spatial correlation temporal correlation

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Adaptive dual-cross search algorithm for block-matching motion estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2004年第2期50卷 766-775页

作者： Banh, XQ Tan, YP Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 2263 Singapore

We present in this poper two new and efficient block- matching algorithms (BMAs) for fast motion estimation used in motion-compensated video compression. The proposed algorithms are improvement of existing BMAs and consist of three effective steps: 1) Initial search center prediction, 2) Early search termination, and 3) dital-cross pattern search. Extensive simulation results and comparative analysis have shown that the proposed algorithms outperform conventional algorithms, like the three-step search, orthogonal search and diamond search, as well as the newly proposed algorithms, like the hexagonal search and adaptive rood pattern search, in terms of both video peak signal-to-noise ratio and the number of checking points evaluated.

关键词： block-matching algorithm dual-cross patterns early search termination fast motion estimation initial search center prediction

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Filtering of block motion vectors for use in motion-based video indexing and retrieval

Filtering of block motion vectors for use in motion-based vi...

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International Symposium on Nonlinear Theory and Its Applications

作者： Sorwar, G Murshed, M Dooley, L So Cross Univ Sch Multimedia & IT Coffs Harbour NSW 2457 Australia Gippsland Sch Comp & IT Churchill Vic 3842 Australia

Though block-based motion estimation techniques are primarily designed for video coding applications, they are increasingly being used in other video analysis applications due to their simplicity and ease of implementation. The major drawback associated with these techniques is that noises, in the form of false motion vectors, cannot be avoided while capturing block motion vectors. Similar noises may further be introduced when the technique of global motion compensation is applied to obtain true object motion from video sequences where both the camera and object motions are present. This paper presents a new technique for capturing large number of true object motion vectors by eliminating the false motion vector fields, for use in the application of object motion based video indexing and retrieval applications. Experimental results prove that our proposed technique significantly increases the percentage of retained true object motion vectors while eliminating all false motion vectors for variety of standard and non-standard video sequences.

关键词： true object motion estimation block-matching algorithm false motion filtering video indexing

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Predictive directional diamond fast motion estimation algorithm

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Jisuanji Gongcheng/Computer Engineering 2005年第19期31卷 180-181+191页

作者： Yang, Zhiyong Guo, Baolong Ding, Guiguang ICIE Institute School of Electromechanical Engineering Xidian Univ. Xi'an 710071 China

Based on the research of directional centre-based motion vector distribution and predictive lineal search, this paper proposes a fast motion estimation algorithm-a predictive directional diamond fast motion estimation algorithm (PDDFA). The new algorithm can effectively reduce computational complexity but keeps search accuracy at the same time. Experimental results show PDDFA saves 0.6 points on average under no obvious loss of video quality in contrast to MVFAST. The comprehensive performances of PDDFA excel MVFAST.

关键词： block-matching algorithm Directional centre-based Lineal search Motion estimation

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Fast block-based motion estimation using integral frames

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2004年第9期11卷 744-747页

作者： Nguyen, VA Tan, YP Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Div Informat Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

block-based motion estimation is widely used in video compression for exploitation of video temporal redundancy. Although effective, the process is arguably the most computationally intensive part of a typical video encoder. To speed up the process, a large number of fast block-matching algorithms (BMAs) have been proposed for motion estimation by limiting the number of search locations or simplifying the measure of match between two blocks under comparison. In this paper we propose a new BMA that measures the match by using the block sum of pixel values, a quantity that can be easily computed from an integral frame. Experimental results show that the proposed BMA can reduce notably the computational load and achieve compression performance very close to that of existing BMAs using conventional block-matching measures.

关键词： block-matching algorithm block-based motion estimation fast motion estimation integral frames

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Subblock matching-based conditional motion estimation with automatic threshold selection for video compression

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2003年第9期13卷 914-924页

作者： Rath, GB Makur, A Indian Inst Sci Dept Elect Commun Engn Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India

In this paper, we propose a block-based conditional motion estimation scheme for video compression. The blocks in a frame are classified as active or inactive based on a threshold and only the active blocks are subjected to motion estimation. The threshold value is decided automatically through an iterative algorithm. The motion vectors of the boundary active blocks are estimated using a subblock matching-based scheme. Unlike existing variable size block-matching algorithms, the proposed motion estimation scheme preserves the basic framework of the conventional block-matching algorithm such as equal number of,motion vectors and one-pass processing. A small amount of side information needs to be transmitted for the boundary,blocks to indicate the displacements of the their subblocks. The proposed scheme provides a better tradeoff between the complexity and the rate-distortion performance of the encoder than other existing schemes and better subjective quality of the motion compensated frames than the conventional motion compensation.

关键词： block-matching algorithm motion estimation

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Adaptive rood pattern search for fast block-matching motion estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING 2002年第12期11卷 1442-1449页

作者： Nie, Y Ma, KK Univ Delaware Dept Elect & Comp Engn Newark DE 19716 USA Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

In this paper, we propose a novel and simple fast block-matching algorithm (BMA), called adaptive rood pattern search (ARPS), which consists of two sequential search stages: 1) initial search and 2) refined local search. For each macroblock (MB), the initial search is performed only once at the beginning in order to find a good starting point for the follow-up refined local search. By doing so, unnecessary intermediate search and the risk of being trapped into local minimum matching error points could be greatly reduced in long search case. For the initial search stage, an adaptive rood pattern (ARP) is proposed, and the ARP's size is dynamically determined for each MB, based on the available motion vectors (MVs) of the neighboring MBs. In the refined local search stage, a unit-size rood pattern (URP) is exploited repeatedly, and unrestrictedly, until the final NIV is found. To further speed up the search, zero-motion prejudgment (ZMP) is incorporated in our method, which is particularly beneficial to those video sequences containing small motion contents. Extensive experiments conducted based on the MPEG-4 Verification Model (VM) encoding platform show that the search speed of our proposed ARPS-ZMP is about two to three times faster than that of the diamond search (DS), and our method even achieves higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) particularly for those video sequences containing large and/or complex motion contents.

关键词： adaptive search pattern block-matching algorithm diamond search fast motion estimation rood pattern spatial correlation video compression zero-motion prejudgment

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A new block-matching algorithm based on an adaptive search area adjustment using spatio-temporal correlation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1999年第3期45卷 745-752页

作者： Oh, HS Lee, CH Lee, HK Jeon, JH Elect & Telecommun Res Inst Visual Informat Res Team Virtual Real Res & Dev Ctr Taejon 305350 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Yusong Gu Taejon 305701 South Korea Korea Telecom Internet Business Div Commun Serv Planning Ctr Pundang Gu Songnam 463711 Kyonggi Do South Korea

The motion estimation & compensation technique is widely used for video coding applications but the real-time motion estimation is not easy due to its enormous computations. In this paper, a new adaptive reduction of search area for the block-matching algorithm is presented to reduce the computational complexity of the full search block-matching algorithm for low bit-rate video coding. The proposed method exploits the correlation of successive video frames and adjusts the size of search area depending on the displaced block difference and the block classification information of the block in the previous frame. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has similar mean square error performance to the full search block-matching algorithm but only requires less a half computational complexity than the full search algorithm.

关键词： block-matching algorithm motion estimation video coding

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