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Influence of citric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid with High-Pressure Processing on characteristics of Pectic Polysaccharide from choerospondias axillaris Fruit Peel

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FOOD AND BIOPROcESS TEcHNOLOGY 2023年第6期16卷 1235-1245页

作者： Li, Lu chen, Shupeng Lu, Jinghui Bu, Zhibin Yu, Yuanshan Wu, Jijun Yang, Wanyuan Xu, Yujuan Peng, Jian Guangdong Acad Agr Sci Sericultural & Argi Food Res Inst Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Guangdong Key Lab Agr Prod ProcKey Lab Funct Food 133 Yiheng StDongguanzhuang Rd Guangzhou 510610 Peoples R China Guangdong Jiabao Grp Co Ltd Chaozhou 515638 Guangdong Peoples R China

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of citric acid combined with high-pressure processing (HPP) on the characteristics of pectic polysaccharide of choerospondias axillaris fruit peel (cPP). Therefore, the physicochemical, structural, and emulsifying properties of cPP extracted by hydrochloric acid (HEP), HPP-assisted hydrochloric acid (HEP + HPP), citric acid (cEP), and HPP-assisted citric acid (cEP + HPP) were analyzed. Results showed that citric acid and HPP had a synergetic impact on extraction yield, weight-average molecular weight (Mw), emulsion ability (EA), and apparent viscosity of cPP;hence, the highest extraction yield (48.49%) and EA (70.25%) coupled with the lowest Mw (263.80 kDa) and apparent viscosity were observed in cEP + HPP. However, the effects of citric acid and HPP on DA, DM, and GalA of cPP were opposite. The lowest DA and DM were found in HEP + HPP. Moreover, both citric acid and HPP had great influences on the structure of cPP. The cPP extracted by citric acid had a lower crystallinity, and the microstructure of cPP extracted with HPP assistance was rougher. In summary, HPP-assisted citric acid extraction could improve the extraction yield and emulsion property of cPP.

关键词： c axillaris fruit peel Pectic polysaccharide Extraction method Physicochemical characteristics Structural properties Emulsifying quality

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Using Pgst-4::GFP-transformed caenorhabditis elegans for drinking water quality monitoring

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023年第6期195卷 675-675页

作者： Wang, Yan Han, Xue Zhang, Jie Zhou, Meng-Xuan Liu, Ai-Lin Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Minist Educ Key Lab Environm & Hlth Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Minist Environm Protect Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Tongji Med Coll Sch Publ Hlth State Key Lab Environm Hlth Incubating Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Henan Univ Chinese Med Zhengzhou 450046 Peoples R China Wuhan Water Grp Co Ltd Ctr Water Qual Monitoring Wuhan 430034 Peoples R China

Biological effect-based monitoring is essential for predicting or alerting to a possible deterioration in drinking water quality. In the present study, a reporter gene assay based on oxidative stress-mediated Pgst-4::GFP induction in the caenorhabditis elegans strain VP596 (VP596 assay) was assessed for its applicability in evaluating drinking water safety and quality. This assay was used to measure the oxidative stress response in VP596 worms exposed to six ubiquitous components (As3+, Al3+, F-, NO3--N, cHcl3, and residual chlorine) in drinking water, eight mixtures of these six components designed through orthogonal design, ninety-six unconcentrated water samples from source to tap water in two supply systems, and organic extracts (OEs) of twenty-five selected water samples. Pgst-4::GFP fluorescence was not induced by Al3+, F-, NO3--N, and cHcl3, and was significantly enhanced by As3+ and residual chlorine only at concentrations higher than their respective drinking water guideline levels. Pgst-4::GFP induction was not detected in any of the six-component mixtures. Induction of Pgst-4::GFP was observed in 9.4% (3/32) of the source water samples but not in the drinking water samples. However, a notable induction effect was revealed in the three OEs of drinking water, with a relative enrichment factor of 200. These results suggest that the VP596 assay has limited utility for screening drinking water safety by testing unconcentrated water samples;however, it offers a supplemental in vivo tool for prioritizing water samples for an enhanced quality assessment, monitoring pollutant removal performance by drinking water treatment plants, and evaluating water quality in water supplies.

关键词： Drinking water Water quality Safety screening Biomonitoring Oxidative stress c elegans

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A natural blue colorant from butterfly pea (clitoria ternatea) petals for traditional rice cooking

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JOURNAL OF FOOD ScIENcE AND TEcHNOLOGY-MYSORE 2023年第8期60卷 2255-2264页

作者： Maneechot, Oranit Hahor, Waraporn Thongprajukaew, Karun Nuntapong, Nutt Bubaka, Samsiyah Prince Songkla Univ Fac Sci Div Hlth & Appl Sci Hat Yai 90110 Thailand Prince Songkla Univ Fac Nat Resources Aquat Sci & Innovat Management Div Hat Yai 90110 Thailand

Butterfly pea (clitoria ternatea) flowers are widely used for culinary purposes in southern Asian countries. We assessed the optimal level of a butterfly pea petal extract (BPPE) to produce blue rice. Dried butterfly pea petals were extracted with water at 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8% (w/v), and the extract was used to color boiled rice before cooking was completed. Rice cooked with BPPE acquired various shades of blue from light to dark. Significantly decreased lightness/darkness (L*), redness/greenness (a*), yellowness/blueness (b*), and color difference ( increment E*) were observed in response to BPPE levels, while hue (h*) and chroma (c*) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Total phenolic (TPc) and total anthocyanin (TAc) contents of cooked rice increased with BPPE levels (p < 0.05), and both constituents contributed significant radical scavenging activity (r = 0.886 to 0.994, p < 0.01, n = 20). Sensory evaluation by consumers indicated a suitable level of BPPE at 0.6%. The color of blue cooked rice was stable under an opaque cover for 8 days, whereas TPc and TAc decreased significantly with storage time. Findings from the current study can be used to produce blue rice in traditional cooking, and to produce other ready-to-use BPPE products.

关键词： Anthocyanin Antioxidant Asian pigeonwings Blue rice c ternatea Phenolics

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Polyvinylidene fluoride/ barium titanate nanocomposite aligned hollow electrospun fibers as an actuator

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MATERIALS RESEARcH BULLETIN 2023年 158卷

作者： Dehaghi, Niloufar Ghaedi Kokabi, Mehrdad Tarbiat Modares Univ Fac Chem Engn Polymer Engn Dept POB 14115-114 Tehran Iran

Piezoelectric polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are widely utilized in electronic devices. How-ever, their applications as high-performance flexible actuators are still not described well. The performance of the PVDF-based actuators is strongly related to the quality of the 13 -phase crystals. The elaboration of a one-dimensional element through electrospinning of aligned hollow nanofibers facilitates the formation of the 13 -phase crystals in PVDF and improves its actuation performance. Also, barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles can enhance the piezoelectric performance of the polymer actuators. The synergistic effect of the mechanical drawing and a high-intensity electric field during the electrospinning process resulted in the fabrication of ultra -thin-shell PVDF/BaTiO3 aligned hollow nanofibers with the predominant 13 -phase content of 99%, as was revealed by FTIR and XRD data. The aligned hollow nanofibers were then used as piezoelectric actuators with a high actuation deflection of 28 mu m in response to the reasonable voltage of 480 V.

关键词： A nanostructures B piezoelectricity c transmission electron microscopy (TEM) x-ray diffraction

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Effect of ZnS nanoparticles on the spectroscopic transitions of Ho³⁺ ions in sol-gel silica matrix

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cERAMIcS INTERNATIONAL 2023年第17期49卷 28392-28404页

作者： Kakoti, Dibyajyoti Gogoi, Purabi Dutta, Pankaj PDUAM Coll Dept Phys Amjonga 783124 Assam India Dibrugarh Univ Inst Engn & Technol Dibrugarh 786004 Assam India Dibrugarh Univ Dept Phys Dibrugarh 786004 Assam India

ZnS NPs and Ho3+ co-doped silica matrices are prepared by room temperature sol-gel method. The fabricated matrices are characterized structurally by X-ray diffractometry, Transmission electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Structural studies reveal the presence of ZnS NPs in the Ho3+ co-doped silica matrices. Judd Ofelt analysis of UV-Visible absorption spectra shows that the phenomenological Judd Ofelt intensity parameters 0t, which illustrate the intensities for transitions in lanthanides and actinides in solids as well as solutions follow the trend 02>04>06. Enhancement in the 02 parameter with ZnS NP concentration indicates higher asymmetry and a stronger covalent environment of Ho3+ ions in the studied matrix, compared to some popular hosts. The four distinct PL emission bands of Ho3+ observed in the studied matrices show a strong dependence on ZnS NP concentration, with 0.67 M of ZnS as the optimum concentration. The enhancement in the PL emissions with ZnS NPs is attributed to the network modification and sensitization of Ho3+ ions by the NPs. Sensitization through energy transfer also increases the lifetime of the excited state, as observed from the PL decay study. The decrease of PL emission beyond optimum ZnS concentration is most likely due to the self-quenching of ZnS NPs. The upconversion study shows enhancement in Ho3+ luminescence up to 14 times with ZnS co-doping;indicating the viability of the fabricated matrix for their application in Uc devices as well.

关键词： A sol-gel processes c Optical properties Energy efficiency

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Long-term exposure to 6-PPD quinone reduces reproductive capacity by enhancing germline apoptosis associated with activation of both DNA damage and cell corpse engulfment in caenorhabditis elegans

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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023年第1期454卷 131495页

作者： Hua, Xin Feng, Xiao Liang, Geyu chao, Jie Wang, Dayong Southeast Univ Med Sch Key Lab Environm Med Engn Minist Educ Nanjing 210009 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Sch Publ Hlth Nanjing 210009 Peoples R China

Recently, 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ), a derivative of tire antioxidant 6-PPD, was reported to have acute toxicity for organisms. However, the possible reproductive toxicity of 6-PPDQ is still largely unclear. In this study, the repro-ductive toxicity of 6-PPDQ after long-term exposure was further investigated in caenorhabditis elegans. Exposure to 1 and 10 mu g/L 6-PPDQ reduced the reproductive capacity. Meanwhile, exposure to 1 and 10 mu g/L 6-PPDQ enhanced the germline apoptosis, which was accompanied by upregulation of ced-3, ced-4, and egl-1 expressions and down -regulation of ced-9 expression. The observed increase in germline apoptosis in 1 and 10 mu g/L 6-PPDQ exposed nematodes was associated with the enhancement in DNA damage and increase in expressions of related genes of cep -1, clk-2, hus-1, and mrt-2. The detected enhancement in germline apoptosis in 1 and 10 mu g/L 6-PPDQ exposed nematodes was further associated with the increase in expressions of ced-1 and ced-6 governing the cell corpse engulfment process. Molecular docking analysis indicated the binding potentials of 6-PPDQ with three DNA damage checkpoints (cLK-2, HUS-1, and MRT-2) and corpse-recognizing phagocytic receptor cED-1. Therefore, our data suggested the toxicity on reproductive capacity by 6-PPDQ at environmentally relevant concentrations by enhancing DNA damage-and cell corpse engulfment-induced germline apoptosis in organisms.

关键词： 6-PPDQ Reproductive toxicity Long-term exposure c elegans

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Regeneration of chrysanthemum (chrysanthemum morifolium) via somatic embryogenesis and screening of clones for agronomic traits

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PLANT cELL TISSUE AND ORGAN cULTURE 2023年第3期153卷 657-667页

作者： Ali, Sarah Raza, Saboohi Shahzad, Saleem Batool, Tuba Sharf Abdullah, Aasma Hameed, Naveed Manzoor, Asad Univ Karachi Dept Agr & Agribusiness Management Karachi Pakistan Natl Univ Sci & Technol Islamabad Pakistan Shafi Gluco Chem Karachi Pakistan

Key messageSomaclonal variation can be used for crop improvement of chrysanthemum instead of induced mutagenesis. Presentstudy showed the substantial improved flower diameter in regenerated plantlets via somatic embryogenesis. Fieldscreening showed increase in the diameter of flowers and variation in flower colour in somaclonal population. Bothfeatures are appealing for the consumers in floriculture industry. chrysanthemum morifolium propagation through stem cutting produces weak plants that show delayed anthesis above 20 & DEG;c and a reduced flower diameter. Therefore, in this study chrysanthemum plantlets were produced through somatic embryogenic from calli to exploit the somaclonal variation for their improvement. Various explants from variety Dante yellow were cultured on Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium with various concentrations of Kinetin (KT) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and their combinations for callus induction. Embryogenic calli were proliferated and regenerated by using different plant growth regulators. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized and evaluated for agronomic characteristics and compared with the mother plant in a replicated field trial. Results revealed that young leaf explants cultured on LS medium containing 9.02 & mu;M 2,4-D and 11.61 & mu;M KT gave calli of greater sizes as compared to other treatments. A combination of 0.44 & mu;M 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 5.37 & mu;M 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) yielded the highest callus proliferation (0.27 g & PLUSMN;0.03). A significant number of shootlets (25 & PLUSMN;0.8) from embryogenic callus was observed on the medium with 0.45 & mu;M 2,4-D. During the field experiment, clone S84 showed considerable improvement in flower size as compared to the mother plant and was found to be a promising clone for commercialization.

关键词： c morifolium Regeneration Linsmaier and Skoog medium Embryogenic calli Proliferation

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A micromechanics based model for rate dependent compression loaded unidirectional composites

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cOMPOSITES ScIENcE AND TEcHNOLOGY 2023年 232卷

作者： Singh, Vivekendra Larsson, Ragnar Olsson, Robin Marklund, Erik RISE AB Div Mat & Prod SE-43122 Molndal Sweden Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Ind & Mat Sci Div Mat & Computat Mech SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

Strain-rate effects in a unidirectional non-crimp fabric carbon/epoxy composite are addressed. To allow for kink-band formation including strain-rate effects and damage in such composites, the paper advances a recent model focused on compression loading at small off-axis angles. The model is based on computational homogenization with a subscale represented by matrix and fibre constituents at finite deformation. The fibre constituent is assumed to be elastic transversely isotropic and the matrix is viscoelastic-viscoplastic with damage degradation. Novel model improvements of special importance to small off-axis loading relate to the isostress formulation of the homogenized response in transverse shear. In this context, an enhanced homogenized elastic response is proposed based on Halpin-Tsai corrections to account for the nonuniform stress distribution on the microscale. The model captures the strongly rate sensitive kink-band formation due to localized matrix shearing and fibre rotation, confirming the experimentally observed increase in compressive strength for high strain rates.

关键词： Viscoelasticity-viscoplasticity c Damage mechanics Material modelling B Non-linear behaviour A Structural composites

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Insights from molecular dynamics simulations for interfacial effects between polylactic acid and wood cell wall constituents

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cOMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED ScIENcE AND MANUFAcTURING 2023年 164卷

作者： Ren, Zechun Sun, Hao Zhou, Xinyuan chi, Xiang Bi, Hongjie Ji, Tong Xu, Min cai, Liping Northeast Forestry Univ Mat Sci & Engn Coll Harbin 150040 Peoples R China Univ North Texas Dent on TX 76207 USA Nanjing Forestry Univ Coll Mat Sci & Engn Nanjing 210037 Peoples R China

Knowledge of the interfacial structure from an atomic or molecular perspective helps to optimize the manufacturing of nanocomposite materials with bottom-up structural design and controls the performance more effectively. In this work, molecular dynamics simulation was used to study the composition, structure, and mechanism of interactions at the interface between wood cell wall constituents (cellulose, lignin, and hemicel-lulose) and polylactic acid (PLA). Results showed that the interfacial adhesion between the components and polymer was affected by the surface structure and the diffusion and aggregation of the polymer. compared with the crystalline surface, the amorphous structure could achieve greater bonding energy and lower surface energy, and thus improving the dispersibility of fillers in the polymer matrix. An orderly arrangement and denser packing of the polymer were observed on the crystalline surface and the diffusion capacity of the polymer was reduced due to reduction in local free volume.

关键词： A Polymer -matrix composites (PMcs) B Interface c computational modelling

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Nickel-catalyzed Ring-Opening of Benzofurans for the Divergent Synthesis of ortho-Functionalized Phenol Derivatives

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AcS cATALYSIS 2023年第4期13卷 2432-2442页

作者： Lu, changhui Lin, Yueping Wang, Minyan Zhou, Jiaming Wang, Shuo Jiang, Huanfeng Kang, Kai Huang, Liangbin South China Univ Technol Sch Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China Univ Wisconsin Madison Dept Chem Madison WI 53706 USA Nanjing Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Coordinat Chem Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China

The ring-opening reaction of benzofuran is a highly desirable, yet underdeveloped transformation for the construction of valuable phenol derivatives. Herein, we report a nickel-catalyzed ring-opening transformation of benzofuran with silanes, giving ortho-alkene-, branched/linear alkyl silane-, and alkenyl silanesubstituted phenol derivatives selectively. control experiments and DFT calculations supported Ni-H insertion and beta-O elimination to achieve the formal c-O bond activation of benzofuran but not through the direct oxidative addition of nickel (0) into the c-O bond of benzofurans. Further regioselective hydrosilylation or dehydrogenative silylation occurs via Ni(I)-H or Ni(I)-[Si] intermediates to form ortho-branched/linear alkyl silane- or alkenyl silane-substituted phenol derivatives.

关键词： benzofuran nickel catalysis ring-opening transformation c O bond activation cascade reactions

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