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Surgical approach for hepatitis c virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第1期7卷 70-77页

作者： Junichi Shindoh Masaji Hashimoto Goro Watanabe Hepatobiliary-pancreatic Surgery Division Department of Digestive SurgeryToranomon HospitalTokyo 105-8470Japan Okinaka Memorial Research Center for Adult Diseases Tokyo 105-8470Japan

Hepatitis c is a strong prognostic factor for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc). Although liver resection and liver transplantation offer the chance of a cure for Hcc,adequate management of co-existing infection with hepatitis c virus(HcV) is important to enable better long-term outcomes after surgery for HcV-related Hcc. For patients undergoing liver resection,perioperative anti-viral treatment is recommended,since a decreased HcV viral load itself is reportedly associated with a lower tumor recurrence rate and a longer overall survival. For patients undergoing transplanatations for Hcc complicated by end-stage liver disease,the post-transplant management of HcV infection is also necessary to prevent progressive graft injury caused by active hepatitis under the immunosuppressive condition that is needed after liver transplantation. Although only a few lines of solid evidence are available for postoperative antiviral treatment because of the limited indication and frequent adverse events caused by conventional high-dose combination interferon therapy,new direct acting anti-viral agents would enable interferon-free anti-viral treatment with a higher virologic response and minimal side effects.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis c Liverresection Liver transplantation Adjuvant therapy

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All-oral interferon-free treatments:The end of hepatitis c virus story,the dream and the reality

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第22期7卷 2363-2368页

作者： Luigi E Adinolfi Barbara Guerrera Department of Medical SurgicalNeurologicalGeriatric and Metabolic SciencesSecond University of Naples

The year 2014 marked the beginning of the end of the interferon era and the triumph of the all-oral interferon-free regimens for treatment of hepatitis c virus(HcV) infection. These innovative therapies are safe and yield a cure rate of over 90%. The scientifichepatology community is euphoric about the possibility of elimination and even eradication of HcV infection. However,the current high cost of the new all-oral regimens allows access to treatment only for a restricted number of HcV-infected patients. In addition,many other conditions such as modality of access and delivery of care,inadequate knowledge of HcV epidemiology and political commitments to be undertaken,hamper the fulfillment of the dream to eliminate the virus. Since,such conditions are not impossible to overcome,a global urgent effort must be made to allow a widespread access to the new treatments which will permit in the next years to avoid million of HcV-related deaths.

关键词： Sofosbuvir Simeprevir New-oral hepatitis c virus t

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Management of telaprevir-based triple therapy for hepatitis c virus recurrence post liver transplant

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第9期7卷 1287-1296页

作者： Kerstin Herzer Angela Papadopoulos-Khn Anne Achterfeld Ali canbay Katja Piras-Straub Andreas Paul Andreas Walker Jrg Timm Guido Gerken Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Essen Department of General-Visceral and Transplantation Surgery University Hospital Essen Institute for Virology Heinrich Heine University

AIM: To characterize management of telaprevir(TVR)-based triple therapy of hepatitis c virus(HcV) reinfection after liver transplantation(LT).METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed safety and efficacy of telaprevir- based triple therapy in a single center cohort of 19 patients with HcV genotype(GT) 1 recurrence after LT, with respect to factors possibly predicting sustained viral response(SVR) or non-SVR. All patients were treated with TVR, pegylated(PEG) and ribavirine(RBV) for 12 wk followed by a dual phase with PEG/RBV for 12 wk in 7 patients and for 36 wk in 5 patients. RESULTS: In total 11/19(58%) of patients achieved a sustained response. All(11/11) SVR patients showed a rapid viral response at treatment weeks 4 and 11/14 rapid virological response(RVR) patients achieved SVR. Notably, all(7/7) patients who completed 48 wk of therapy and 80%(4/5) patients who completed 24 wk of therapy achieved SVR24. Treatment failure was significantly(P > 0.049) more frequent in GT1 a infection(5/7) compared to GT1b(3/12) infection and was associated with emergence of resistance-associated mutations in the NS3 protease domain. Bilirubin level at baseline is also related to SVR(P > 0.030). None of the patients had to discontinue treatment due to side effects. cONcLUSION: RVR, GT and bilirubin are clearly related to achievement of SVR. Providing a thorough patient selection and monitoring, a full course of TVR-based triple therapy in LT patients is feasible and achieves high SVR rates.

关键词： Liver transplantation Telaprevir Hepatitisc virus recurrence Predictors Hepatitis c virus therapy

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Dry slide wear behavior of boron carbide filled epoxy composites

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2018年第2期5卷 7289-7295页

作者： A. Madhanagopal S Gopalakannan Department of Mechanical Engineering University College of Engineering Arni Anna University Tamilnadu 632326 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Adhiparasakthi Engineering college MelmaruvathurTamilnadu 603319 India

This experimentation is done for predicting the co-efficient of friction and the wear rate of epoxy composite with B 4 c as filler by using pin on disk apparatus in non lubricated conditions. The three different samples (1%, 2%, 4%) were prepared based the percentage of filler addition to the epoxy resin. This experimental result is obtained by varying the operating parameters of contact pressure and velocity. This tribological data is obtained for the two constant sliding distances 1198m and 2402m respectively. The wear behavior of the material is predicted from the plots drawn for the co-efficient of friction and the wear rate with respect to load (1kg, 2kg and 3kg) and velocity (1m/s, 2m/s) conditions. The result shows that the binding strength drops as the load increases leads to more mass loss. The specific wear rate reaches 2.1(mm 3 /N-m×10 -6 ) and the corresponding co-efficient of friction is 0.38 is for the 2% sample under 3kg load. But for the other samples 1% and 4% they do not prove such appreciable rise in the output magnitude. The mechanical behavior of the material is predicted to support the results.

关键词： Wear Epoxy B 4 c filler particle Polymer composite Dry sliding

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Liver steatosis in hepatitis c patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第10期7卷 1337-1346页

作者： Emilio González-Reimers Geraldine Quintero-Platt Melchor Rodríguez-Gaspar Remedios Alemán-Valls Onán Pérez-Hernández Francisco Santolaria-Fernández Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario de CanariasUniversidad de La LagunaTenerife

There is controversy regarding some aspects of hepatitis c virus(HcV) infection-associated liver steatosis,and their relationship with body fat stores. It has classically been found that HcV,especially genotype 3,exerts direct metabolic effects which lead to liver steatosis. This supports the existence of a so called viral steatosis and a metabolic steatosis,whichwould affect HcV patients who are also obese or diabetics. In fact,several genotypes exert metabolic effects which overlap with some of those observed in the metabolic syndrome. In this review we will analyse the pathogenic pathways involved in the development of steatosis in HcV patients. Several cytokines and adipokines also become activated and are involved in "pure" steatosic effects,in addition to inflammation. They are probably responsible for the evolution of simple steatosis to steatohepatitis,making it difficult to explain why such alterations only affect a proportion of steatosic patients.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus steatosis adiponectin Leptin Insulin resistance Proinflammatory cytokines Triglyceride synthesis Fatty acid oxidation

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Mi R-122 in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis c virus dual infection

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 498-506页

作者： Kyoungsub Song chang Han Srikanta Dash Luis A Balart Tong Wu Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis c virus(HcV) infections are the most common causes of chronic liver diseases and hepatocelluar carcinomas. Over the past few years, the liver-enriched micro RNA-122(mi R-122) has been shown to differentially regulate viral replication of HBV and HcV. It is notable that thelevel of mi R-122 is positively and negatively regulated by HcV and HBV, respectively. consistent with the welldocumented phenomenon that mi R-122 promotes HcV accumulation, inhibition of mi R-122 has been shown as an effective therapy for the treatment of HcV infection in both chimpanzees and humans. On the other hand, mi R-122 is also known to block HBV replication, and HBV has recently been shown to inhibit mi R-122 expression; such a reciprocal inhibition between mi R-122 and HBV suggests an intriguing possibility that mi R-122 replacement may represent a potential therapy for treatment of HBV infection. As HBV and HcV have shared transmission routes, dual infection is not an uncommon scenario, which is associated with more advanced liver disease than either HBV or HcV mono-infection. Thus, there is a clear need to further understand the interaction between HBV and HcV and to delineate the role of mi R-122 in HBV/HcV dual infection in order to devise effective therapy. This review summarizes the current understanding of HBV/HcV dual infection, focusing on the pathobiological role and therapeutic potential of mi R-122.

关键词： MiR-122 Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis c virus Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis c virus dual infection

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Elastic and conductive MWcNT/SBS nanocomposites as superior piezoresistive sensors

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2017年第1期12卷 17-19页

作者： Duan, Zhi-Qiang Li, Tian-Peng Yao, Kai Xuan, Zhao-Long Liu, Yi-Tao Shijiazhuang Mech Engn Coll Shijiazhuang 050003 Peoples R China Equipment Acad Dept Grad Management Beijing 101416 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Precis Instrument State Key Lab Precis Measurement Technol & Instru Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Herein conductive elastomers by homogeneous distribution of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWcNTs) in a styrene-co-butadiene-co-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer matrix is reported. The inherent pi-pi stacking ensures nearly single-layer adsorption of the SBS molecules on the surfaces of MWcNTs, translating into reliable interfacial interactions. The resulting MWcNT/SBS nanocomposites are highly elastic and conductive. It is believed that this finding opens up a new way to fabricate conductive elastomers holding great promise as superior piezoresistive sensors that may integrate a 'touch' function in wearable electronics and computers.

关键词： multi-wall carbon nanotubes filled polymers polymer blends nanocomposites nanofabrication piezoresistive devices nanosensors elastomers conducting polymers adsorption elastic nanocomposite conductive MWcNT-SBS nanocomposite piezoresistive sensors conductive elastomers homogeneous multiwalled carbon nanotube distribution styrene-co-butadiene-co-styrene triblock copolymer matrix inherent π-π stacking nearly single-layer adsorption MWcNT surfaces interfacial interactions touch function wearable electronics computers c

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carbon films as perfect electromagnetic wave absorbers and anti-reflectors

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2017年第5期12卷 312-314页

作者： Batrakov, Konstantin Paddubskaya, Alesya Kuzhir, Polina Belarusian State Univ Inst Nucl Problems Minsk 220030 BELARUS Ryazan State Radio Engn Univ Ryazan 390005 Russia

It is shown that thin carbon coating with thicknesses, depending on its structure and porosity, ranging from tens of nanometres to tens of microns can absorb almost all incident microwave radiation without reflection. Special conditions on dielectric properties of substrate and conductivity of carbon material, which are necessary for the realisation of such a perfect absorber, are derived. The conductance of the carbon coating can then be controlled by proper porosity.

关键词： carbon thin films coatings electromagnetic wave absorption porosity electrical conductivity thin carbon coating carbon films electromagnetic wave absorbers electromagnetic wave antireflectors porosity dielectric properties electrical conductivity microwave radiation c

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P-doping decrease and mobility increase of graphene in atmosphere

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2017年第1期12卷 20-22页

作者： Zhang, Qingwei Li, Ping Wang, Gang Univ Elect Sci & Technol China State Key Lab Elect Thin Films & Integrated Devic Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

An approach to decrease the P-doping density of graphene and increase the mobility of graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) is reported. With a layer of natural aluminium oxide (natural-AlOx) thin film covered on the surface of graphene, the Dirac point voltage of the GFETs decreases 25 V while it experiences the mobility increase of 42 cm(2)/(V s) after exposure in the atmosphere for 1 month. To understand this phenomenon, other two situations are researched, the Dirac point voltage of the identical GFETs with no thin film on graphene increases more than 15 V and its mobility decreases 90 cm(2)/(V s) after 1 month. The last situation is that the Dirac point voltage and the mobility have no significant changes with an AlOx deposited by electron beam evaporation (Al2O3-EBE) on graphene. These phenomena indicate that the natural-AlOx thin film is capable of reducing p-type impurities on the graphene and bringing the better reliability to the GFETs.

关键词： carrier mobility graphene doping profiles field effect transistors aluminium compounds electron beam deposition vacuum deposition mobility increase graphene surface P-doping density field effect transistors natural aluminium oxide thin film Dirac point voltage electron beam evaporation reliability c AlOx

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Immune mechanisms of vaccine induced protection against chronic hepatitis c virus infection in chimpanzees

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第1期7卷 53-69页

作者： Babs E Verstrepen André Boonstra Gerrit Koopman Department of Virology Biomedical Primate Research Centre2280GH RijswijkThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam3015 CE RotterdamThe Netherlands

Hepatitis c virus(HcV) infection is characterized by a high propensity for development of life-long viral persistence. An estimated 170 million people suffer from chronic hepatitis caused by HcV. currently,there is no approved prophylactic HcV vaccine *** the near disappearance of the most relevant animal model for HcV,the chimpanzee,we review the progression that has been made regarding prophylactic vaccine development against HcV. We describe the results of the individual vaccine evaluation experiments in chimpanzees,in relation to what has been observed in humans. The results of the different studies indicate that partial protection against infection can be achieved,but a clear correlate of protection has thus far not yet been defined.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus Vaccines chimpanzees Review Prophylactic Antibodies T-cells

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