One of the most distinctive colour polymorphisms of any mammal occurs in black bears (Ursus americanus kermodei Hornaday) of the Great Bear Rainforest of coastal British columbia. We use carbon and nitrogen stable iso...
详细信息
One of the most distinctive colour polymorphisms of any mammal occurs in black bears (Ursus americanus kermodei Hornaday) of the Great Bear Rainforest of coastal British columbia. We use carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values and c/N ratios along segments of hair shafts obtained from 14 white and 12 black individual bears to quantify dietary niche of the morphs as a test of the multi-niche model for a polymorphism. On Gribbell Island, where the white bear reaches 30%, N-15 is significantly (GLM repeated measures) more enriched (more marine-derived nitrogen) in the white morph than in the black morph in each season (spring, summer, autumn). On the adjacent Princess Royal Island, where the white morph is less common, both morphs are highly enriched during autumn (delta N-15 = +11aEuro degrees), but there are no isotopic differences between morphs in any season. On both islands, c/N ratios (3.1) of the black morph decrease from spring to autumn, converging on the lower average values for the white morph. Our data suggest that niche of the white morph involves increased use of a marine-associated diet and that ecological segregation between the morphs has facilitated the historical persistence of the polymorphism.
Background and Aims: Prophylactic endoscopicclipping may be effective in preventing delayed post-polypectomy hemorrhage after EMR of large colorectal lesions. The rate of retention of hemoclips on EMR sites has not b...
详细信息
Background and Aims: Prophylactic endoscopicclipping may be effective in preventing delayed post-polypectomy hemorrhage after EMR of large colorectal lesions. The rate of retention of hemoclips on EMR sites has not been fully described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adherence rates of hemoclips placed after EMR of large colorectal lesions. Methods: This was a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of large colorectal polyps (>= 20 mm) referred to Indiana University Hospital between June 2006 and August 2015. Sites were closed with a mean of 4 clips. Patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months after EMR with a second follow-up 1 year later. Biopsy specimens of EMR scars were examined at follow-up, including the tissue at the base of retained clips. Results: There were 479 EMR sites in 424 patients that had first follow-up at our center with high-quality photographs of the EMR sites taken immediately after clip placement and at follow-up. Of 1407 Boston Scientific Resolution clips placed, 59 (4.2%) were retained at follow-up. Of 532 cook Instinct clips placed, 46 (8.6%) were retained at first follow-up (P=.0001). There was no difference in the follow-up interval for the 2 clips. No patient had residual polyp by biopsy at the base of a retained clip. conclusions: clip retention at first follow-up at 3 to 6 months after EMR was twice as high for the cook Instinct clip compared with Boston Resolution clip but retention rates were low for both clips. Residual polyp at the base of retained clips was not a significant clinical problem.
AIMS: To investigate the prevalence of campylobacter spp. and c. jejuni in dog faecal material collected from dog walkways in the city of Palmerston North, New Zealand, and to characterise the c. jejuni isolates by mu...
详细信息
AIMS: To investigate the prevalence of campylobacter spp. and c. jejuni in dog faecal material collected from dog walkways in the city of Palmerston North, New Zealand, and to characterise the c. jejuni isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and porA and flaA antigen gene ***: A total of 355 fresh samples of dogs faeces were collected from bins provided for the disposal of dog faeces in 10 walkways in Palmerston North, New Zealand, between August 2008-July 2009. Presumptive campylobacter colonies, cultured on modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate plates, were screened for genus campylobacter and c. jejuni by PcR. The c. jejuni isolates were subsequently characterised by MLST and porA and flaA typing, and c. jejuni sequence types (ST) were ***: Of the 355 samples collected, 72 (20 (95% cI=16-25)%) were positive for campylobacter spp. and 22 (6 (95% cI=4-9)%) were positive for c. jejuni. Of the 22 c. jejuni isolates, 19 were fully typed by MLST. Ten isolates were assigned to the clonal complex ST-45 and three to ST-52. The alleliccombinations of ST-45/flaA 21/porA 44 (n=3), ST-45/flaA 22/porA 53 (n=3) and ST-52/ flaA 57/porA 905 (n=3) were most ***: The successful isolation of c. jejuni from canine faecal samples collected from faecal bins provides evidence that campylobacter spp. may survive outside the host for at least several hours despite requiring fastidious growth conditions in culture. The results show that dogs carry c. jejuni genotypes (ST-45, ST-50, ST-52 and ST-696) that have been reported in human clinical *** RELEVANcE: Although these results do not provide any evidence either for the direction of infection or for dogs being a potential risk factor for human campylobacteriosis, dog owners are advised to practice good hygiene with respect to their pets to reduce potential exposure to infection.
This paper deals with multiobjective programming problems with support functions under （G, c, ρ）-convexity assumptions. Not only sufficient but also necessary optimality conditions for this kind of multiobjective p...
详细信息
This paper deals with multiobjective programming problems with support functions under （G, c, ρ）-convexity assumptions. Not only sufficient but also necessary optimality conditions for this kind of multiobjective programming problems are established from a viewpoint of （G, c, ρ）-convexity. When the sufficient conditions are utilized, the corresponding duality theorems are derived for general Mond-Weir type dual program.
目的：探讨胸腔镜辅助小切口术在非小细胞肺癌治疗中的应用价值及对患者 c 反应蛋白的影响。方法：我院于2012年11月～2015年11月期间共收治非小细胞肺癌患者100例，并对其临床病历进行历史研究。根据患者所接受手术方式的不同，将其分...
详细信息
目的：探讨胸腔镜辅助小切口术在非小细胞肺癌治疗中的应用价值及对患者 c 反应蛋白的影响。方法：我院于2012年11月～2015年11月期间共收治非小细胞肺癌患者100例，并对其临床病历进行历史研究。根据患者所接受手术方式的不同，将其分为两组：实验组与对照组。在实验组中（n=51），患者接受腹腔镜辅助小切口术进行治疗，而在对照组中（n=49），患者接受传统后外侧切口术进行治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后各指标的情况，评价其治疗效果，并比较两组患者 c 反应蛋白的变化情况。结果：（1）实验组患者术中、术后各指标值明显优于对照组；（2）手术前，两组患者疼痛评分、生活质量评分无明显差别，而在治疗后，实验组患者上述指标值均低于对照组；（3）实验组患者各种并发症发生率明显低于对照组；（4）手术前，两组患者 c 反应蛋白水平无明显差别，而在手术后1天、2天及3天，实验组患者 c 反应蛋白指标值均低于对照组；结论：胸腔镜辅助小切口术治疗非小细胞肺癌，安全有效，可能与减轻机体应激程度有关。
目的：探讨早期机械通气配合亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤（STBI）的临床疗效及对患者血清 c 反应蛋白（cRP）和血液流变学的影响。方法将110例 STBI 患者选为研究病例，按照入院顺序将其分为两组，均给予常规对症治疗，对照组55例采取早期...
详细信息
目的：探讨早期机械通气配合亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤（STBI）的临床疗效及对患者血清 c 反应蛋白（cRP）和血液流变学的影响。方法将110例 STBI 患者选为研究病例，按照入院顺序将其分为两组，均给予常规对症治疗，对照组55例采取早期机械通气，观察组55例采取早期机械通气配合亚低温治疗。比较临床疗效。结果观察组预后良好率74．55％，较对照组的56．36％明显提高（χ^2＝7．65，P ＜0．05）。观察组入院第2、3、5、7天时血清 cRP 与对照组比较均明显减少（t ＝7．48、8．04、7．34、7．82，均 P ＜0．05）。观察组治疗后30 d 时全血高切黏度（6．03±0．89）mPa／s、全血低切黏度（3．18±0．19）mPa／s、血浆黏度（1．21±0．18）mPa／s、红细胞比容（37．56±3．23）％与治疗前比较明显减少（t ＝8．45、7．54、7．04、8．02，均 P ＜0．05）；且与对照组差异均有统计学意义（t ＝7．77、6．69、6．44、7．49，均 P ＜0．05）。结论早期机械通气配合亚低温治疗 STBI 疗效显著，可降低血清 cRP 水平，改善血液流变学指标，有利于患者预后。
暂无评论