In this work, a broadband absorber is designed for application in the terahertz region using graphene antidots array. The proposed absorber consists of an Au substrate, a polyethylene dielectric layer and a graphene s...
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In this work, a broadband absorber is designed for application in the terahertz region using graphene antidots array. The proposed absorber consists of an Au substrate, a polyethylene dielectric layer and a graphene sheet with antidot resonators. The geometrical dimensions of the antidot resonator and its array period, the graphene conductivity parameters and the dielectric layer height and refractive index are the parameters that determine the characteristics of the absorber such as bandwidth, centre frequency, the amount of the absorption and sensitivity to the incident wave incident angle and polarisation. The circuit theory and a broadband matching technique of the transmission lines are utilised in some steps of the design approach. Moreover, some rules of thumb are extracted for the absorber design in different frequencies. The designed absorber has a normalised bandwidth of 80% in the terahertz region, low sensitivity to incident angle and an absorption peak of 100%.
This article introduces the special issue on Elites and Power after Financialization'. It is presented in three parts. The first sets out the original Weberian problematic that directed the work of Michels and Mil...
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This article introduces the special issue on Elites and Power after Financialization'. It is presented in three parts. The first sets out the original Weberian problematic that directed the work of Michels and Mills, in the 1910s and 1950s respectively. It then discusses how this framework was appropriated and then cast aside as our understanding of capitalism changed. The second section makes the case for a reset of elite studies around the current capitalist conjuncture of financialization. It is explained how this unifying theme allows for a diverse set of approaches for answering old and new questions about elites and power. The third part identifies four key themes or sites of investigation that emerge within the nine papers offered here. These are: new state-capital relations, innovative forms of value extraction, new elite insecurities and resources in liquid times and the role of elite intermediaries and experts.
carbon (c), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are the basic nutrient elements required for plant growth and function. Ecological stoichiometry provides an important method for the determination of plant nutrient utiliz...
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carbon (c), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are the basic nutrient elements required for plant growth and function. Ecological stoichiometry provides an important method for the determination of plant nutrient utilization and the environmental adaptation strategies of plants. Studying the stoichiometry of c, N and P is crucial to the understanding of nutrient cycling and ecosystem stabilization mechanisms. Most studies so far have focused only on N and P stoichiometry for plant leaves and ignored the stoichiometry characteristics among c, N, and P. As a major element of plant dry matter, c, along with critical nutrient elements (N and P) could regulate and influence the consumption and fixation of organic matter in ecosystems. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ecological stoichiometry of c, N, and P in plants. Here, c, N and P concentrations and their ratios were measured for 329 foliar samples collected at 132 sites along the 4500 km-long chinese Grassland Transect (cGT) that traverses the Inner Mongolian and Qinghai-Tibet Plateaus. The content of c, N, and P of plant leaves in grassland ranged from 257.40 to 590.77 mg/g, 4.49 to 45.85 mg/g, and 0.20 to 3.40 mg/g, with an average of 463.76 mg/g, 19.94 mg/g, 1.31 mg/g, respectively. The coefficient of variation (cV) of P was highest (0.47) while the cV values of c and N were 0.09 and 0.34, respectively. N and P were positively correlated (R2 = 0.491, P b 0.0001), in agreement with previous studies, while no significant correlation was found between c and P or between c and N. The ranges for c/N, N/P, and c/P were 10.93-93.67 (with an average of 26.86 and a cV value of 0.46) for c/N, 1.68-53.00 (with an average of 16.59 and a cV value of 0.39) for N/P, and 61.49-1995.24 (with an average of 436.77 and a cV value of 0.59) for c/P, respectively. The mass ratio of c:N:P in grassland plant was 440:17:1, and the atom ratio was 1136:43:1. c/N and c/P, c/N and N/P were positively correlated (R2 =
The class of '92 is a documentary film featuring six Manchester United F.c. players who recount their time during a pivotal period for the club, English football and English society. The documentary claims to offe...
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The class of '92 is a documentary film featuring six Manchester United F.c. players who recount their time during a pivotal period for the club, English football and English society. The documentary claims to offer a commentary on Britain in the 1990s, but appears, without acknowledging the fact, to be a promotional vehicle to establish the six men as a brand labeled the class of '92 (cO92). creating this brand necessarily involved presenting a selective account of their time and places with the film being little more than an advertisement, masquerading as an observational documentary. The film draws freely upon the symboliccapital held by the club and the city of Manchester and uses the Busby Babes/Munich chapter and the more recent Madchester scene to forge the class of '92 brand by editing out those elements that did not accord with this project. The article argues that a more complete representation of '90s Britain, while disrupting the intended narrative, would acknowledge the significant structural and commercial changes experienced by the club, the sport, and the city in the last decade of the 20th century. We suggest that the class of '92 invites the viewer to consider how the documentary film genre can contribute to brand development and promotion.
A country that has not gone through a revolution, India has been the crucible of several reform movements as early as the nineteenth century. But none of them intended to break with the past. They even sometimes prepa...
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A country that has not gone through a revolution, India has been the crucible of several reform movements as early as the nineteenth century. But none of them intended to break with the past. They even sometimes prepared the ground for revivalism. In parallel, Hindu traditionalism developed in reaction to social and cultural change. In the twentieth century, these schools of thought found political expressions in the congress party where they inhibited the fights against the caste system and land reform. These trends continued after 1947, in reaction to Nehruvian views, till conservative congressmen created the Swatantra party and then the congress (O).
The dominant theory of elite power, grounded in Weberian bureaucracy, has analyzed elites in terms of stable positions at the top of enduring institutions. Today, many conditions that spawned these stable command post...
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The dominant theory of elite power, grounded in Weberian bureaucracy, has analyzed elites in terms of stable positions at the top of enduring institutions. Today, many conditions that spawned these stable command posts' no longer prevail, and elite power thus warrants rethinking. This article advances an argument about contemporary influence elites'. The way they are organized and the modus operandi they employ to wield influence enable them to evade public accountability, a hallmark of a democratic society. Three cases are presented, first to investigate changes in how elites operate and, second, to examine varying configurations in which the new elites are organized. The cases demonstrate that influence elites intermesh hierarchies and networks, serve as connectors, and coordinate influence from multiple, moving perches, inside and outside official structures. Their flexible and multi-positioned organizing modes call for reconsidering elite theory and grappling with the implications of these elites for democratic society.
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