Background cryptosporidium is a genus of common intestinal protozoa, members of which cause diarrhea in a wide variety of hosts. Previous studies on cryptosporidium in china have mainly focused on diarrhea sufferers, ...
详细信息
Background cryptosporidium is a genus of common intestinal protozoa, members of which cause diarrhea in a wide variety of hosts. Previous studies on cryptosporidium in china have mainly focused on diarrhea sufferers, children, and immunodeficient individuals such as HIV/AIDS patients. However, the epidemiological characteristics of cryptosporidium in the population in rural areas remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the prevalence of, and risk factors for, cryptosporidium in rural areas of Binyang county, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, china, and genetically characterized the cryptosporidium isolates we obtained. Methods From August to December 2016, two villages in Binyang county, Guangxi, were sampled using a random cluster sampling method. Fresh fecal samples were collected from all eligible residents (residence time > 6 months). Molecular characterization of cryptosporidium was carried out based on its SSU rRNA, gp60, actin and hsp70 gene sequences. Fisher's exact test were conducted to assess the risk factors for cryptosporidium infection. Results A total of 400 fecal samples were collected from 195 males (48.8%) and 205 females (51.2%). Two samples (0.5%) were positive for cryptosporidium and were identified as c. viatorum and c. occultus respectively. Moreover, a new c. viatorum subtype XVaA3h was identified based on the sequence of the gp 60 gene. conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of c. viatorum and c. occultus infections in humans in china and of c. viatorum subtype XVaA3h. The findings provide important information on the prevalence of cryptosporidium in the chinese population, and expand the range of cryptosporidium species known to infect people in china.
Overly active acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferases (AcATs) are known to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, cancer cell proliferation and de novo lipogenesis. However, the role of AcAT in system...
详细信息
Overly active acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferases (AcATs) are known to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, cancer cell proliferation and de novo lipogenesis. However, the role of AcAT in systemic lipid metabolism and its consequence of aging is unknown. Using avasimibe, a clinically proven AcAT inhibitor, andmboa-1mutant strain, a homologous to mammalianAcAT, herein, we found that Ava treatment andmboa-1mutant exhibited a decreased fat accumulation during feeding and increased lipolysis with extended lifespan ofc. elegansduring fasting. Our study highlights the essential role of AcAT inhibitor andmboa-1in fat mobilization and the survival ofc. elegansin fasting through the modulation of the genes involved in lipolysis and insulin/IGF-1 signaling.
microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important for endometrial receptivity establishment and embryo implantation in mammals. miR-34a and miR-34c are highly expressed in caprine receptive endometrium (RE...
详细信息
microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important for endometrial receptivity establishment and embryo implantation in mammals. miR-34a and miR-34c are highly expressed in caprine receptive endometrium (RE). Herein, the functions and mechanisms of miR-34a/c in caprine endometrial epithelial cell (cEEc) apoptosis and RE establishment were investigated. miR-34a/c downregulated the expression level of centrosomal protein 55 (cEP55) and were sponged by circRNA8073 (circ-8073), thereby exhibiting a negative interaction in cEEc. miR-34a/c induced cEEc apoptosis by targeting circ-8073/cEP55 through the regulation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and phosphoitide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Positive and negative feedback loops and cross-talk were documented between the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. miR-34a/c regulated the levels of RE marker genes, including forkhead box M1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and osteopontin (OPN). These results suggest that miR-34a/c not only induce cEEc apoptosis by binding to circ-8073 and cEP55 via the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, but may also regulate RE establishment in dairy goats.
The Wulong gold orefield is located in the eastern part of the Liaodong Peninsula, and contains the large Sidaogou and Wulong gold deposits, as well as several small gold deposits with a total of >100 tonnes of gol...
详细信息
The Wulong gold orefield is located in the eastern part of the Liaodong Peninsula, and contains the large Sidaogou and Wulong gold deposits, as well as several small gold deposits with a total of >100 tonnes of gold reserves. These deposits are hosted within Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the Liaohe Group and Mesozoic granitoids, and are structurally controlled by NNE-SSW- and NNW-SSE-trending faults and interlayer fractures. The Sidaogou deposit is characterized by altered-rock-type mineralization occurring within interlayer fracture zones, whereas the mineralization in the Wulong deposit occurs as auriferous quartz veins along subsidiary faults. These two types of gold mineralization are representative of the mineralization in the Wulong orefield. The REE contents of quartz and calcite, together with previous studies of fluid inclusions, indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the Sidaogou deposit were reduced Nacl-H2O-cO2 fluids. Quartz yielded delta O-18(H2O-SMOW), delta D-SMOW, and delta c-13(cO2) values of +4.7 parts per thousand to +6.6 parts per thousand, -82.2 parts per thousand to -79.0 parts per thousand, and - 13.1 parts per thousand to -6.6 parts per thousand, respectively, and calcite yielded delta c-13(cO2) and delta O-18(V-SMOW) values of -2.3 parts per thousand to -2.0 parts per thousand and + 7.4 parts per thousand to +7.9 parts per thousand, respectively. These results indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the Sidaogou deposit were derived primarily from magmatic water, and the c was sourced mainly from deep-seated magma with a minor contribution from sedimentary organic matter. Pyrite crystals have delta S-34(cDT) values of +4.9 parts per thousand to +12.9 parts per thousand, indicating the S source was a combination of the magmatic system and ore-bearing metamorphic rocks. Pyrite has Pb-208/Pb-204 ratios of 38.226-38.336, Pb-207/Pb-204 ratios of 15.606-15.683, and Pb-206/Pb-204 ratios of 18.345-18.492, suggesting that the Pb in the Sida
c-H functionalization chemistry is one of the most vibrant research areas within synthetic organicchemistry. While most researchers focus on the development of small-scale batch-type transformations, more recently su...
详细信息
c-H functionalization chemistry is one of the most vibrant research areas within synthetic organicchemistry. While most researchers focus on the development of small-scale batch-type transformations, more recently such transformations have been carried out in flow reactors to explore new chemical space, to boost reactivity or to enable scalability of this important reaction class. Herein, an up-to-date overview of c-H bond functionalization reactions carried out in continuous-flow microreactors is presented. A comprehensive overview of reactions which establish the formal conversion of a c-H bond into carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds is provided;this includes metal-assisted c-H bond cleavages, hydrogen atom transfer reactions and c-H bond functionalizations which involve an S-E-type process to aromatic or olefinic systems. Particular focus is devoted to showcase the advantages of flow processing to enhance c-H bond functionalization chemistry. consequently, it is our hope that this review will serve as a guide to inspire researchers to push the boundaries of c-H functionalization chemistry using flow technology.
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) is an indispensable regulator of blood pressure through producing Nitric Oxide (NO). There is some evidence to suggest thateNOSgene polymorphisms are associated with Essential ...
详细信息
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) is an indispensable regulator of blood pressure through producing Nitric Oxide (NO). There is some evidence to suggest thateNOSgene polymorphisms are associated with Essential Hypertension (EHT). In this study, the potential association betweeneNOS4a/4b, A922G, G894T, T786c gene polymorphisms and EHT as individual risk factors and as haplotypes are examined in the southern population of Iran (Bandar-Abbas). In this study, 200 EHT patients and 200 normotensive subjects which were matched for age and sex were included. Genotyping was performed by either utilizing Polymerase chain Reaction (PcR) or PcR followed by Restriction Fragment length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. Our results demonstrated statistically significant associations between T786c, G894T, and 4a/4a and EHT (p < 0.05);however, A922G had no significant association with EHT (p > 0.05). Haplotype analysis also suggested that - 786c/- 922A/4a, - 786c/- 922A/4b and - 786c/- 922G/4a haplotypes were more frequent in EHT group than control group, hypothesizing a positive association with EHT. The present study has identified that the eNOS genetic variations are associated with EHT in southern population of Iran (Bandar-Abbas). These findings also suggested that a number of haplotypes ofeNOSgene may be a driving factor for EHT susceptibility in respected population.
c,c-coupling of indole-3-carbaldehyde arylhydrazones with quinazoline in trifluoroacetic acid has occurred at position 5 or 7 ' of the hydrazone molecule and has afforded the sigma-adducts. The c,c-coupling has be...
详细信息
c,c-coupling of indole-3-carbaldehyde arylhydrazones with quinazoline in trifluoroacetic acid has occurred at position 5 or 7 ' of the hydrazone molecule and has afforded the sigma-adducts. The c,c-coupling has been accompanied by a change in theE-configuration of the c=N bond of the starting hydrazones to theZ-configuration in the formed quinazoline trifluoroacetyl hydrazides.
crenidens macracanthus was originally described in 1874 based on a single specimen collected from chennai (Madras), south-east coast of India. In 1875, the species was synonymized with c. indicus without citing any va...
详细信息
crenidens macracanthus was originally described in 1874 based on a single specimen collected from chennai (Madras), south-east coast of India. In 1875, the species was synonymized with c. indicus without citing any valid reason. Since then, no taxonomic studies have been attempted for the genus crenidens, except in 2013 the species was resurrected from synonymy and redescribed as a valid species based on the holotype and non-type specimen. In view of the fact that c. macracanthus is a poorly known species, it is redescribed based on examination of 30 additional specimens of 105.8-162.2 mm SL, collected from Puri, Odisha, north-east coast of India (Bay of Bengal) from 2017-2019, using morphological and molecular examinations. Our study provides a detailed morphological description, first colour photographs and phylogenetic analysis using cOI barcodes of the species. The study has expanded the range in several morpho-meristiccharacters in comparison with the type and non-type specimens described earlier. The species in fresh condition can be easily distinguished from its two congeners (c. crenidens and c. indicus) by the yellowish tip of the lower caudal-fin lobe. Our study has also extended the distribution range of c. indicus (previously known only from the north-eastern Arabian Sea) to the eastern Indian Ocean, based on examination of a preserved specimen collected from Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu.
Ovarian cancer exhibits the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignancies. Antimitotic agents, such as paclitaxel, are frontline drugs for the treatment of ovarian cancer. They inhibit microtubule dynamics a...
详细信息
Ovarian cancer exhibits the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignancies. Antimitotic agents, such as paclitaxel, are frontline drugs for the treatment of ovarian cancer. They inhibit microtubule dynamics and their efficiency relies on a prolonged mitotic arrest and the strong activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAc). Although ovarian cancers respond well to paclitaxel, the clinical efficacy is limited due to an early onset of drug resistance, which may rely on a compromised mitosis exit associated with weakend intrinsic apoptosis. Accordingly, we aimed at overcoming SAc silencing that occurs rapidly during paclitaxel-induced mitotic arrest. To do this, we used a specific anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APc/c) inhibitor to prevent a premature mitotic exit upon paclitaxel treatment. Furthermore, we investigated the role of the antiapoptotic BcL-2 family member McL-1 in determining the fate of ovarian cancer cells lines withccNE1amplification that are challenged with clinically relevant dose of paclitaxel. Using time-laps microscopy, we demonstrated that APc/c and McL-1 inhibition under paclitaxel prevents mitotic slippage in ovarian cancer cell lines and restores death in mitosis. consistent with this, the combinatorial treatment reduced the survival of ovarian cancer cells in 2D and 3D cell models. Since a therapeuticceiling has been reached with taxanes, it is of utmost importance to develop alternative strategies to improve the patient's survival. Thus, our study provides not only elements to understand the causes of taxane resistance inccNE1-amplified ovarian cancers but also suggests a new combinatorial strategy that may improve paclitaxel-based efficacy in this highly lethal gynecological disease.
暂无评论