The Rust language was created to provide safe low-level systems programming. There is both industrial and academic interest in the problem of (semi-)automatically translating ccode to Rust in order to exploit Rust...
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The Rust language was created to provide safe low-level systems programming. There is both industrial and academic interest in the problem of (semi-)automatically translating ccode to Rust in order to exploit Rust's safety guarantees. We study the effectiveness and limitations of existing techniques for automatically translating unsafe raw pointers (in Rust programs translated from c) into safe Rust references via ownership and lifetime inference. Our novel evaluation methodology enables our study to extend beyond prior studies, and to discover new information contradicting the conclusions of prior studies. We find that existing translation methods are severely limited by a lack of precision in the Rust compiler's safety checker, causing many safe pointer manipulations to be labeled as potentially unsafe. Leveraging this information, we propose methods for improving translation, based on encoding the results of a more precise analysis in a manner that is understandable to an unmodified Rust compiler. We implement one of our proposed methods, increasing the number of pointers that can be translated to safe Rust references by 75% over the baseline (from 12% to 21% of all pointers).
Background BALB/c and c57BL/6 mouse strains are commonly used in allergy research. The current study investigated the immunological differences between these two mouse strains with a locally allergic rhinitis model. M...
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Background BALB/c and c57BL/6 mouse strains are commonly used in allergy research. The current study investigated the immunological differences between these two mouse strains with a locally allergic rhinitis model. Methods Eighteen BALB/c and eighteen c57BL/6 mice received different doses of ovalbumin (OVA) intranasally for eight weeks (each mouse strain has three subgroups, 25 mg/mL group, 0.25 mg/mL group, and the PBS group). The allergic symptoms, OVA-specific serum antibody (IgE, IgG1, IgG2a), cytokines (IL-4, IFN-gamma, IL-10) in the splenicculture supernatant, infiltrating eosinophils and goblet cells in local nasal mucosa were measured. RNA-seq technology was applied to detect differential gene expression in the local nasal mucosa. Results With the same dose of OVA stimulation, the exacerbation of allergic symptoms was more pronounced in c57BL/6 than in BALB/c. BALB/c serum IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a gradually increased, and c57BL/6 produced fewer serum antibodies IgE and IgG1, while IgG2a never increased. BALB/c spleen cell culture supernatant IL-4 and IL-10 increased with increasing dose, and IFN-gamma increased significantly in the intermediate dose group, while IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-gamma did not increase in c57BL/6. The infiltration of eosinophils and goblet cells in both mice was proportional to the dose, while c57BL/6 was elevated more than BALB/c. RNA-seq suggested that the innate immune response, immune system process function, Jun kinase (JNK) pathway, and MAPKK pathway were upregulated in c57BL/6 compared to BALB/c. The core genes responsible for the differential immune response in both mice with allergic rhinitis were Kng2, Kng1, Gnb3, Lpar3, Lpar1, Pik3r1, Pf4, Apob, Rps9, and Fbxo2. conclusion There are significant differences in the immunologic responses between BALB/c mice and c57BL/6 mice. BALB/c mice developed mild local allergic inflammatory reactions and strong systemic immune responses. In contrast, c57BL/6 mice had stronger local allergic inf
Using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole as raw materials, ZIF-8 was successfully prepared in the methanol solvent. Through the stepwise strategies of pyrolysis and calcination at different temperatures an...
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Using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole as raw materials, ZIF-8 was successfully prepared in the methanol solvent. Through the stepwise strategies of pyrolysis and calcination at different temperatures and atmospheres, the desired product of ZnO/ccomposite was obtained. The techniques of XRD, FT-IR and SEM were used to determine the structure and morphology of samples, respectively. The results showed that ZnO/ccomposite retained the hexagonal polyhedron morphology of ZIF-8 and constructed a porous structure. And, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue solution was carried out using ZnO/c and referenced ZnO as catalysts, respectively. The results declared that the improved catalytic property of ZnO/ccomposite benefited from the synergistic effect of ZnO and porous carbon skeleton. The excellent degradation ability of ZnO/c was achieved. This work provided a facile way to develop ZnO-based photocatalysts with the desired photocatalytic performance.
Memory-related neuronal responses are often elicited by sensory stimuli that recapitulate previous experience. Despite the importance of this sensory input processing, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understoo...
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Memory-related neuronal responses are often elicited by sensory stimuli that recapitulate previous experience. Despite the importance of this sensory input processing, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. caenorhabditis elegans chemotax towards salt concentrations experienced in the presence of food. The amphid sensory neurons ASE-left and ASE-right respond to increases and decreases of ambient salt concentration in opposite manners. AIA, AIB and AIY interneurons are post-synaptic to the ASE pair and are thought to be involved in the processing of salt information transmitted from ASE. However, it remains elusive how the responses of these interneurons are regulated by stimulus patterns. Here we show that AIY interneurons display an experience-dependent response to gradual salt concentration changes but not to abrupt stepwise concentration changes. Animals with AIY intact (but AIA and AIB ablated) chemotax towards low salt concentrations similarly to wild-type animals after cultivation with low salt. ASE neurons transmit salt information about the environment through glutamatergic signaling, directing the activity of the interneurons AIY that promote movement towards favorable conditions.
The body muscle is an important tissue used in organisms for proper viability and locomotion. Although this tissue is generally well studied and characterized, and many pathways have been elucidated throughout the yea...
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The body muscle is an important tissue used in organisms for proper viability and locomotion. Although this tissue is generally well studied and characterized, and many pathways have been elucidated throughout the years, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of its transcriptome and how it controls muscle development and function. Here, we have updated a nuclear FAcS sorting-based methodology to isolate and sequence a high-quality muscle transcriptome from caenorhabditis elegans mixed-stage animals. We have identified 2848 muscle-specific protein-coding genes, including 78 transcription factors and 206 protein-coding genes containing an RNA binding domain. We studied their interaction network, performed a detailed promoter analysis, and identified novel muscle-specificcis-acting elements. We have also identified 16 high-quality muscle-specific miRNAs, studied their function in vivo using fluorochrome-based analyses, and developed a high-quality c. elegans miRNA interactome incorporating other muscle-specific datasets produced by our lab and *** study expands our understanding of how muscle tissue functions in c. elegans andin turn provides results that can in the future be applied to humans to study muscular-related diseases.
Hypertrophiccardiomyopathy (HcM), a genetically and clinically heterogeneous cardiomyopathy, is commonly caused by mutations in the MYBPc3 gene or other various sarcomeric genes. HcM patients carrying sarcomeric gene...
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Hypertrophiccardiomyopathy (HcM), a genetically and clinically heterogeneous cardiomyopathy, is commonly caused by mutations in the MYBPc3 gene or other various sarcomeric genes. HcM patients carrying sarcomeric gene mutations may experience an asymptomatic period at early stage but still possess an escalating risk of developing adverse cardiac events including sudden cardiac death. It is crucial to determine the phenotypic and pathogenic effects of mutations in sarcomeric genes. In this study, a 65-year-old male was admitted with a history of chest pain, dyspnoea, and syncope and with a family history of HcM and sudden cardiac death. On admission, electrocardiogram indicated atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed left ventricular concentric hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction (48%), which were ascertained by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. With late gadolinium-enhancement imaging, cardiovascular magnetic resonance found myocardial fibrosis on left ventricular wall. The exercise stress echocardiography test showed non-obstructive myocardial changes. Whole-exome sequencing analysis identified a MYBPc3 gene heterozygous nonsense variant (c.1522c>T) in the patient and one of his healthy grandnieces (18-year-old). The patient was diagnosed with non-obstructive HcM, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and so on. Medications, IcD implantation, and catheter ablation were chosen to maintain heart function. Our study provides the clinical evidence regarding the HcM pathogenicity of MYBPc3 c.1522c>T variant and highlights the significance of family genetic testing in the diagnosis and management of HcM.
In recent years, there has been tremendous progress on developing program logics for verifying the correctness of programs in a rich and diverse array of languages. Thus far, however, such logics have assumed that pro...
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In recent years, there has been tremendous progress on developing program logics for verifying the correctness of programs in a rich and diverse array of languages. Thus far, however, such logics have assumed that programs are written entirely in a single programming language. In practice, this assumption rarely holds since programs are often composed of components written in different programming languages, which interact with one another via some kind of foreign function interface (FFI). In this paper, we take the first steps towards the goal of developing program logics for multi-language verification. Specifically, we present Melocoton, a multi-language program verification system for reasoning about Ocaml, c, and their interactions through the Ocaml FFI. Melocoton consists of the first formal semantics of (a large subset of) the Ocaml FFI-previously only described in prose in the Ocaml manual-as well as the first program logic to reason about the interactions of program components written in Ocaml and c. Melocoton is fully mechanized in coq on top of the Iris separation logic framework.
作者：
An, Mi HwaJang, Ae RanJeju Natl Univ
Dept Fash Clothing &Textiles 102 Jejudaehakro Jeju Si 63243 Jeju Do South Korea Jeju Natl Univ
Dept Fash Clothing & Text 102 Jejudaehakro Jeju Si 63243 Jeju Do South Korea
The purpose of this study is to raise awareness of the uniqueness and excellence of Korea's traditional culture among members of the MZ generation (Millennials and generation Z) and explore the possibility of util...
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The purpose of this study is to raise awareness of the uniqueness and excellence of Korea's traditional culture among members of the MZ generation (Millennials and generation Z) and explore the possibility of utilizing archetypes of traditional culture in the contemporary context. To that end, this study develops and proposes unique contemporary textile pattern designs applying M. c. Escher's tessellation technique to the formative characteristics and symbolic meaning of chaekgeori icons. To develop the designs, this study reviews the previous literature and theoretically considers the concept of chaekgeori, its formative characteristics, and Escher's tessellation. After extracting iconsrelated to the themes, stylized iconographic motives were applied to geometric shapes to create repeating units. Then, Escher's tessellation was applied to these repeats to develop twelve contemporarily reimagined textile patterns. To verify the usability of the developed textile pattern designs in products targeting the MZ generation, in-depth interviews were conducted with the MZ generation living in Jeju. The developed textile patterns were mapped onto the selected items to prove the applicability of the developed textile patterns to the items preferred by the MZ generation. The contribution of this study lies in the fact that it develops unique and contemporary textile pattern designs based on the formative characteristics and symbolic meaning of chaekgeori icons and maps the designs of fashion items preferred by the MZ generation, thereby raising awareness of the value and excellence of chaekgeori as a part of Korea's traditional culture and shedding light on the possibility of using traditional cultural archetypes in contemporary contexts.
BackgroundThe difficulties in the identification of c. auris and the delays in the implementation of infection control precautions contribute to outbreaks. This study analyzed 10 patients with cOVID-19 and c. auris ca...
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BackgroundThe difficulties in the identification of c. auris and the delays in the implementation of infection control precautions contribute to outbreaks. This study analyzed 10 patients with cOVID-19 and c. auris candidemia, their characteristic and clinical features and phylogenetic features, and the antifungal susceptibilities of the ***. auris were detected in the cOVID-19 IcU of a university hospital between January and August 2021. Identification to species level was performed using MALDI-TOF MS. Antifungal susceptibilities were determined by the Sensititre YeastOne YO10 panel. The isolates were whole genome sequenced to assess genetic relatedness and a phylogenetic tree was drawn including various c. auris *** mean growth time in blood cultures was 38.8 h. c. auris candidemia developed on the average 27th day of IcU admission. All were susceptible to anidulafungin and micafungin, while they were resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Only three isolates were found to be resistant to caspofungin. All patients died. With the WGS method, all isolates were found in a close resemblance to each other in terms of total nucleotide similarity (with a minimum of 96% pairwise alignment). Our isolates showed the closest similarity to South Asian clade (clade I).conclusionsThis study is the first to evaluate the phylogeneticcharacteristics of c. auris using WGS and to determine antifungal susceptibilities in Turkiye on cOVID-19 patients. The mortality rate was very high in patients who have both cOVID-19 and c. auris candidemia.
Background: There are 30%-40% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DcM) having geneticcauses, among which Lamin A and c gene (LMNA) mutation is the second most frequent DcM-related mutation, and Lamin A/c may be ...
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Background: There are 30%-40% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DcM) having geneticcauses, among which Lamin A and c gene (LMNA) mutation is the second most frequent DcM-related mutation, and Lamin A/c may be involved in the pathogenesis of DcM through the regulation of gene transcription or the direct effect of cell structure. Methods: Echocardiography and electrocardiogram were used to diagnose DcM and arrhythmia in a DcM family. Then, linked mutations on LMNA were screened out by high-throughput sequencing and verified by Sanger sequencing in all research individuals. Meanwhile, Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) and Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) were used to analyse the characteristics of the mutated Lamin A/c protein. Finally, mutated-type and wild-type LMNA plasmid was transfected into Ac-16 cardiomyocytes with the form of a lentivirus vector, and its effect on nucleus and actin was studied by immunofluorescence detection. Results In this study, we found a new frame-shifted mutation of LMNA (***414Alafs*66) linked with another point mutation from a DcM family by using High-throughput sequencing, and this deletion mutation led to a truncation of Lamin A/c. By analysing the clinical characteristics of this DcM family, we found that all DcM patients with arrhythmia were carriers of this co-segregation mutation. In the cytological experiment, we found that the mutated-type transfections showed weaker fluorescent intensities on both actin and cell nucleus. conclusions: A co-segregation mutation of LMNA (Point mutation chr1 156107548 c.1712 G>A and truncated frame-shifted mutation chr1 156106086 c.1240delA) was found from a DcM family, and this type of mutation could participate in the pathogenesis of DcM by affecting the expression of actin.
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