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caenorhabditis elegans septins contribute to the development and structure of the oogenic germline

cYTOSKELETON 2023年第7-8期80卷 215-227页

作者： Perry, Jenna A. Werner, Michael E. Rivenbark, Larry Maddox, Amy Shaub Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill Dept Biol Chapel Hill NC USA Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill Dept Biol Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA

Oocytes must be exceptionally large cells in order to support embryonic development. Throughout animal phylogeny, a specialized cell called a syncytium, wherein many nuclei share a continuous cytoplasm, achieves oogenesis. The syncytial nature of germline architecture is key to its function and depends on conserved components of the cortical cytoskeleton. Septins form non-polar cytoskeletal polymers that associate with membranes. In the syncytial germline of the nematode caenorhabditis elegans, septins are highly enriched on the cortex and generally required for fertility, but the role of septins in the germline is poorly understood. We report that the c. elegans septins, UNc-59 and UNc-61, are important for germline extension during development, the maintenance of its syncytial architecture, and production of oocytes. While much of our findings substantiate the idea that the two c. elegans septins act together, we also found evidence that they have distinct functions. Loss of UNc-61 perturbed germline extension during germline development, while the loss of UNc-59 function severely affected germline architecture in adult hermaphrodites. consultation of clustering results from a large-scale high-throughput screen suggested that septins are involved in germ cell proliferation and/or differentiation. In sum, our findings implicate a conserved cytoskeletal component in the complex architecture of a germline syncytium.

关键词： c elegans cell division cytoskeleton oogenesis septins syncytium

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Root litter quality drives the dynamic of native mineral-associated organic carbon in a temperate agricultural soil

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PLANT AND SOIL 2023年第1-2期491卷 439-456页

作者： Poeplau, christopher Begill, Neha Liang, Zhi Schiedung, Marcus Thunen Inst Climate Smart Agr Bundesallee 68 D-38116 Braunschweig Germany Aarhus Univ Dept Agroecol Blichers Alle 20 DK-8830 Tjele Denmark Univ Zurich Dept Geog Winterthurerstr 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Environm Syst Sci Univ Str 16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

Background and aimsUnderstanding the fate and residence time of organic matter added to soils, and its effect on native soil organic carbon (SOc) mineralisation is key for developing efficient SOc sequestration strategies. Here, the effect of litter quality, particularly the carbon-to-nitrogen (c:N) ratio, on the dynamics of particulate (POc) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOc) were *** a two-year incubation experiment, root litter samples of the c4-grass Miscanthus with four different c:N ratios ranging from 50 to 124 were added to a loamy agricultural topsoil. In an additional treatment, ammonium nitrate was added to the c:N 124 litter to match the c:N 50 litter input ratio. Soils were size-fractionated after 6, 12 and 24 months and & delta;c-13 was measured to determine the proportion of new and native POc and MAOc. Litter quality was further assessed by mid-infrared spectroscopy and compound peak *** quality strongly affected SOc dynamics, with total SOc losses of 42.5 & PLUSMN;3.0% in the c:N 50 treatment and 48.9 & PLUSMN;3.0% in the c:N 124 treatment after 24 months. Largest treatment effects occurred in mineralisation of native MAOc, which was strongly primed by litter addition. The N amendment in the c:N 124 treatment did not alleviate this potential N mining *** quality plays a major role in overall SOc dynamics, and priming for N mining from the MAOc pool could be a dominant mechanism. However, adding N did not compensate for poor litter quality, highlighting the role of litter quality beyond stoichiometric imbalances.

关键词： c N ratio Soil organic carbon Incubation Priming Nitrogen mining MAOM

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cHOP promotes coelomocyte apoptosis through p38-MAPK pathway in Vibrio splendidus-challenged sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023年第1期138卷 108855页

作者： Li, Dongdong Guo, Ming Liang, Weikang Jin, chunhua Li, chenghua Ningbo Univ State Key Lab Managing Biot & Chem Threats Qual & Ningbo Peoples R China Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol Lab Marine Fisheries Sci & Food Prod Proc Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Ningbo Univ Ningbo Peoples R China

ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein (c/EBP) homologous protein (cHOP) belongs to the c/EBP family of tran-scription factors that has been proven to regulate apoptosis in many vertebrate species. However, the functional role of cHOP in invertebrates is largely unknown. In this paper, the open reading frame of cHOP was cloned and characterized in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (AjcHOP). The deuced amino acid of AjcHOP shared a conserved RTP801_c domain from 63 to 171 aa. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that AjcHOP clustered with cHOPs from Lytechinus variegatus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. To confirm the immune function of AjcHOP, the time-course expression profiles of AjcHOP were investigated, and the findings revealed AjcHOP was significantly induced in coelomocytes at mRNA and protein levels after Vibro splendidus challenge. Furthermore, knockdown of AjcHOP in coelomocyes by siRNA transfection significantly decreased the apoptosis level induced by V. splendidus. Mechanically, AjcHOP-mediated apoptosis was dependent on the activation of p38-MAPK pathway but not JNK/ERK-MAPK. Overall, our results supported that V. splendidus triggers apoptosis among the coelomocytes, whereas AjcHOP mediates through the p38-MAPK pathway in A. japonicus.

关键词： c EBP homologous Protein Apoptosis MAPK Apostichopus japonicus

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cost-effectiveness of apixaban and rivaroxaban in thromboprophylaxis of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in Spain

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JOURNAL OF MEDIcAL EcONOMIcS 2023年第1期26卷 1145-1154页

作者： Munoz, Andres J. Ortega, Laura Gutierrez, Ana Gallardo, Enrique Rubio-Rodriguez, Dario Rubio-Terres, carlos Moron, Blanca Garcia-Alfonso, Pilar Soria, Jose Manuel Univ Complutense Med Oncol Serv Inst Invest Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon Madrid 28007 Spain Univ Autonoma Barcelona Parc Tauli Hosp Univ Inst Invest & Innovacio Parc Tauli i I3PT Med Oncol Serv Sabadell Spain Hlth Value Madrid Spain Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau Inst Recerca Barcelona Spain Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon C Doctor Esquerdo 46 Madrid 28007 Spain

Background Apixaban and rivaroxaban are two direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOAcs) recommended for thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in an ambulatory setting. We aimed to assess the cost-utility of thromboprophylaxis with apixaban and rivaroxaban vs no thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory cancer patients starting chemotherapy with an intermediate-to-high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), Khorana score & GE;2 *** A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed from the perspective of Spain's National Health System (NHS) using an analytical decision model in the short-term (180 days) and a Markov model in the long-term (5 years). Transition probabilities were obtained from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of apixaban and rivaroxaban in adult ambulatory patients with cancer at risk for VTE, treated with chemotherapy (AVERT and cASSINI trials). The costs (euro2,021) were taken from Spanish sources. The utilities of the model were obtained through the EQ-5D questionnaire. Deterministic (base case) and probabilistic (second-order Monte carlo simulation) analyses were *** In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, apixaban generated a cost per patient of euro1,082 & PLUSMN;187, with a 95% confidence interval (cI) of euro713-1,442, while no prophylaxis produced a cost per patient of euro1,146 & PLUSMN;218, with a 95% cI of euro700-1,491, with a saving of euro64 per patient and a gain of 0.008 QALYs. Likewise, rivaroxaban provided a cost per patient of euro993 & PLUSMN;133, with a 95% cI of euro748-1,310, while no prophylaxis produced a cost per patient of euro872 & PLUSMN;152, with a 95% cI of euro602-1,250, with an additional expense of euro121 per patient and a gain of 0.008 *** In thromboprophylaxis of cancer patients, the use of apixaban and rivaroxaban generated similar costs compared to non-prophylaxis, without the difference found being statistically significant, with a cl

关键词： cost-effectiveness thromboprophylaxis cancer direct-acting oral anticoagulants venous thromboembolism D61 D6 D I10 I1 I c63 c6 c

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A cost-consequences and budget impact analysis of blue light-guided cystoscopy with Hexvix in patients diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in France

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JOURNAL OF MEDIcAL EcONOMIcS 2023年第1期26卷 1398-1406页

作者： Belsey, Jonathan JB Med Ltd London England JB Med Ltd 47 Wilton Rd London N10 1LX England

Aims French guidelines for the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer recommend that blue-light cystoscopy should be used in patients where the risk of missing residual tumor is highest. Despite evidence for its cost-effectiveness, budgetary concerns have limited uptake in France. The aim of this analysis was to model the cost-consequences of adopting the recommendations in a French urology *** and methods A budget impact model was developed in Excel, using a decision tree approach derived from guidelines issued by L'Academie fran ҫaise d'urologie. Risk profiles were derived from an analysis of studies using white-light cystoscopy;estimates for the impact of blue-light cystoscopy were derived from a published cochrane Review. costs were based on published tariff prices from L'Agence Technique de L'Information sur L'Hospitalisation. The model allowed results to be tailored to activity levels and projected blue-light usage in the chosen urology *** Two scenarios were evaluated, based on a 3-year time horizon. Full implementation of all recommendations within a large public hospital was estimated to yield incremental costs of euro269 per procedure (similar to 10% increase overall);a more targeted approach within a smaller private hospital yielded incremental costs of euro133 per procedure (5% increase overall).Limitations The basis of the model is a change in the time to first recurrence. There are no data available for subsequent recurrences or progression, both of which could have an influence on expenditure. Secondly, recurrence rates for blue-light cystoscopy were not specifically available for each patient group identified in the guidelines: extrapolation of data may have resulted in bias. Finally, the data were derived from clinical trials, which may not be generalisable to real-world clinical *** The model has shown that the additional expenditure required to implement blue-light cystoscopy is modest and not disprop

关键词： Bladder cancer TURBT blue-light cystoscopy budget impact model I11 I1 I c53 c5 c

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continuous and discontinuous multi-generational disturbances of tetrabromobisphenol A on longevity in caenorhabditis elegans

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EcOTOXIcOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023年 251卷 114522页

作者： Liu, Fuwen cao, Xue Tian, Fuxiang Jiang, Jingxian Lin, Kuangfei cheng, Junjie Hu, Xiaojun Shanghai Inst Technol Sch Chem & Environm Engn Shanghai 201418 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Coll Phys & Optoelect Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China East China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Resource & Environm Engn State Environm Protect Key Lab Environm Risk Asses Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is one of the most prevalently used brominated flame retardants. Due to its persistence, it is predominantly found in environmental matrices and has the potential to generate multi-generational toxicity. However, knowledge of its adaptive response or long-term residual effect in multi-generations, and molecular mechanisms remain understudied. In the current study, the model animal nema-tode caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans) was exposed to TBBPA at environmentally realistic concentrations (0.1-1000 mu g L-1) for four consecutive generations (G0 to G3). Degenerative age-related multiple endpoints including lifespan, locomotion behaviors, growth, reproduction, oxidative stress-related biochemical responses, cell apoptosis, and stress related gene expressions were assessed in the continuous exposure generations (G0 and G3) and the discontinuously exposed generations (T3 and T ' 3). The results showed that changes in degenerative age-related response monitored four generations varied in direction and magnitude depending on the TBBPA concentrations, and the response intensify ranked as G0 > T ' 3/G3 > T3. TBBPA at 1 mu g L-1 dosage was detected as the lowest observed effect concentration in multi-biomarkers. The underlying mechanism of aging phenotypes was that reactive oxygen species accumulation led to cell apoptosis regulated by gene ape-1, and confirmed catalase enzyme and superoxide dismutase activity played a crucial role in the detoxification process of TBBPA at the molecular level. This study provided insights into the underlying mechanism of TBBPA-interfered longevity and its environmental multi-generational potential risks.

关键词： Multi-generational effect TBBPA c elegans cell Apoptosis Lifespan

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Treatment outcomes of patients with cutibacterium acnes-positive cultures during total joint replacement revision surgery: a minimum 2-year follow-up

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ARcHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIc AND TRAUMA SURGERY 2023年第6期143卷 2951-2958页

作者： Hoch, A. Fritz, Y. Dimitriou, D. Bossard, D. A. Fucentese, S. F. Wieser, K. Achermann, Y. Zingg, P. O. Univ Zurich Balgrist Univ Hosp Orthopaed Dept Forchstr 340 CH-8008 Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Univ Hosp Zurich Div Infect Dis & Hosp Epidemiol Ramistr 100 CH-8091 Zurich Switzerland Hosp Zollikerberg Internal Med Trichtenhauserstr 20 CH-8125 Zollikerberg Switzerland

Introduction Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication following total joint replacement (TJR). cutibacterium acnes (c. acnes) is a low virulent skin commensal, commonly found during TJR revision surgery for "aseptic" causes. The purpose of the present study was to report the treatment outcomes of patients with c. acnes contamination or infection in the presence of a TJR treated with a revision surgery +/- implant exchange +/- prolonged (>= 8 weeks) postoperative antibiotics. Methods Medical records of patients with at least one positive c. acnes culture in intraoperative tissue samples or sonication fluid from a TJR revision surgery between January 2005 and December 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. The primary endpoint was infection eradication according to Delphi criteria. The diagnostic accuracy of preoperative TJR aspiration regarding the diagnosis of c. acnes PJI was also investigated. Results A total of 52 TJR (28 shoulders, 17 hips, 7 knees) in 52 patients (35 males, 17 females) with an average age of 63 +/- 11 (33-86) years were included. At an average follow-up of 67 +/- 33 (24-127) months, the infection eradication of c. acnes PJI was 97% regardless of the surgical treatment or administration of prolonged postoperative antibiotics. The incidence of unsuspected c. acnes PJI was 28.8%. The sensitivity and specificity of preoperative joint aspiration in detecting c. acnes PJI were 59% and 88%, whereas the PPV and NNV were 83% and 67%, respectively. conclusion Infection eradication of c. acnes PJI was very high at a minimum follow-up of 24 months, suggesting that c. acnes PJI could be adequately treated with a combination of revision surgery and prolonged postoperative antibiotics. The preoperative diagnosis of c. acnes PJI might be challenging with more than one-quarter of patients presenting without suspicion of c. acnes PJI. The appropriate treatment of patients with a single positive culture remains still unclear. A negative TJ

关键词： c acnes Periprosthetic joint infections Revision Outcomes Total joint replacement

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Transfer and Accumulation of Biophilic Elements in Pasture Ecosystems of the Northern caspian Region

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EURASIAN SOIL ScIENcE 2023年第1期56卷 38-48页

作者： Kulakova, N. Yu. Suvorov, G. G. Russian Acad Sci Inst Forest Sci Uspenskoye 143030 Moscow Oblast Russia Russian Acad Sci Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut Moscow 119071 Russia

The scale and consequences of the transfer of biophilic elements from pasture ecosystems to sheep farms in the clayey semidesert of the northern caspian region under grazing common in the region were estimated by the example of the settlement of Stepnovskoe, Pallasovskii district, Volgograd oblast. Data on the chemical composition of dominant plants and sheep feces, the long-term mean productivity of phytocenoses, information on the consumption of pasture forage by animals, etc. were used for the calculations. Soils of pastures, a reserve area, and a sheep farm (in sheep corrals and resting places) were investigated. At least 17 t c, 600 kg ca, 260 kg N, 100 kg Mg, 50 kg K, 40 kg P, and 1 kg S were transferred to farms (0.1% of the area) from 1 ha of pasture (15% of the area) during 6 months of the grazing season. Long-term stocks of feces at farms (more than 1000 t at the examined farm) are practically excluded from the circulation in the landscape. Small areas of farm soils are enriched with c, N, P, and K. An increase in the stock of these elements in the upper 30-cm-thick layer of the soil of pastures comprises two orders of magnitude for water-soluble K, up to 12-16 times for exchangeable K, eight times for c, three times for N, and two times for available P in comparison with that in the soils of the reserve area. Grassland meadow-chestnut soils are characterized by a decrease in the content of c (1.3 times) and exchangeable forms of K (1.6 times) relative to soils of the reserve area. A decrease in the content of elements in solonetzes on pastures has not been found. The absence of statistically significant differences in the stocks of biophilic elements between the pasture soils and the soils of the protected reserve area is partly explained by an increase in soil density by 0.08 g/cm(3) in the upper 50-cm layer on pastures. The modern farming method requires the control of the balance of biophilic elements in pasture soils.

关键词： semidesert pasture soils c N P K stocks productivity of phytocenosis Haplic Kastanozem Gypsic Salic Solonetz

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Dauer larva-derived extracellular vesicles extend the life of caenorhabditis elegans

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BIOGERONTOLOGY 2023年第4期24卷 581-592页

作者： Ma, Jing Wang, Yi-ting chen, Ling-hui Yang, Bang-ya Jiang, Yong-zhu Wang, Lan-xi chen, Zhi-qi Ma, Guan-rong Fang, Liao-qiong Wang, Zhi-biao Chongqing Med Univ Coll Biomed Engn State Key Lab Ultrasound Med & Engn Chongqing 400016 Peoples R China Natl Engn Res Ctr Ultrasound Med Chongqing 401121 Peoples R China

There is growing evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a functional role in tissue repair and anti-aging by transferring the contents of donor cells to recipient cells. We hypothesized that Dauer (c. elegans), known as "ageless" nematodes, can also secrete extracellular vesicles and influence the lifespan of c. elegans. Here, we isolated EVs of dauer larvae (dauer EVs). Dauer EVs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blot analysis. Wild-type c. elegans were fed in the presence or absence of dauer EVs and tested for a range of phenotypes, including longevity, mobility and reproductive capacity. Results showed that dauer EVs increased the average lifespan of nematodes by 15.74%, improved mobility, slowed age-related pigmentation as well as body length, and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipids, while not impairing nematode reproductive capacity. These findings suggest that dauer EVs can extend the lifespan of c. elegans as well as the healthy lifespan by reducing ROS accumulation, with potential anti-aging capacity.

关键词： c elegans Dauer Extracellular vesicles (EVs) Lifespan

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MOF-808-derived carbon granules with a bimodal micro-mesoporous structure

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MRS cOMMUNIcATIONS 2023年第1期13卷 70-74页

作者： Kim, Yoo Ri Jeong, Jeong Yun Lim, Se Min Im, Kyungmin Kwon, Hyuk Taek Kim, Jinsoo Kyung Hee Univ Dept Chem Engn Integrated Engn 1732 Deogyeong Daero Yongin 17104 Gyeonggi Do South Korea Pukyong Natl Univ Dept Chem Engn 45 Yongso Ro Pusan 48513 South Korea

Porous carbons can be prepared from crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by pyrolysis. However, MOF-derived porous carbons (denoted as MPcs) are mostly composed of microporosity, potentially causing diffusional limitation during guest transport. To overcome the potential diffusional limitation of MPcs due to pore size constraints, secondary meso- or macropores need to be introduced in the MPcs. Our strategy is to granulize MOF-808 nanoparticles via spray drying, followed by pyrolysis and HF etching, yielding MPc granules with a bimodal micro-mesoporous structure, in which the micropores originate from intrinsic pores of MOF-808 and the mesopores stem from interparticle spaces between assembled MOF-808 particles.

关键词： Metal-organic Framework (MOF) Pyrolysis c Porosity

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