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Isothiocyanates as potential antifungal agents: a mini-review

FUTURE MIcROBIOLOGY 2023年第10期18卷 673-679页

作者： Sharma, Rakesh K. Patil, Shivani B. Jadhav, Ashwini K. Karuppayil, Sankunny M. DY Patil Educ Soc DY Patil Med Coll Dept Obstet & Gynecol Kasaba Bawada 416006 Maharashtra India DY Patil Educ Soc Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Dept Stem Cell & Regenerat Med Kasaba Bawada 416006 Maharashtra India

cruciferous vegetables and mustard oil are rich in the glucosinolate group of molecules. Isothiocyanates are an important group of glucosinolate derivatives. These derivatives have various bioactive properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, antifungal, antiparasitic, herbicidal and antimutagenic activity. Previous studies indicate that regular intake of such vegetables may considerably reduce the incidence of various types of cancer. These studies have inspired studies where the bioactive agents of these plants have been isolated and explored for their therapeutic applications. The use of these bioactive compounds as antifungals could be a new therapeutic approach against human pathogenic fungi. Isothiocyanates have been studied for their antifungal activity and have the potential to be used for antifungal therapy. Tweetable abstractVegetables like cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli are rich in glucosinolates and their derivatives, such as isothiocyanates, which have bioactive properties, including antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, herbicidal, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity. Plain language summaryVegetables like cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli have a distinct flavor because of chemicals called glucosinolates. Whenever we cut and eat these vegetables, glucosinolates are broken down into isothiocyanates. Glucosinolates and isothiocyanates have health benefits because they stop the growth of bacteria, parasites and fungi that cause disease, such as candida albicans. They may also prevent cancer, as regularly eating these vegetables has been shown to reduce the development of some types of cancer in humans. Investigation is needed to explore how glucosinolates and isothiocyanates could be used to treat fungal infections.

关键词： anticarcinogenic antifungal c albicans glucosinolate isothiocyanates

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Ellagitannins and triterpenoids extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus stem bark extracts: Protective effects against osteoarthritis

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PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARcH 2023年第6期37卷 2381-2394页

作者： Micheli, Laura Ferrara, Valentina Akande, Titilayo Khatib, Mohamad Salawu, Sule Ola ciampi, clara Lucarini, Elena Di cesare Mannelli, Lorenzo Mulinacci, Nadia Ghelardini, carla Univ Florence Dept Neurosci Psychol Drug Res & Child Hlth NEUROFARBA Pharmacol & Toxicol Sect Viale Pieraccini 6 I-50139 Florence Italy Fed Univ Technol Akure Sch Sci Dept Biochem Funct Foods & Nutraceut Unit Akure Nigeria Univ Florence Dept Neurosci Psychol Drug & Child Hlth NEUROFARBA Pharmaceut & Nutraceut Sect Florence Italy Univ Florence Multidisciplinary Ctr Res food Sci MCRFSCeRA Florence Italy

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex joint disease characterized by persistent pain. Unfortunately, current pharmacological therapies are unsatisfactory and characterized by side effects, reason why new strategies are needed. We tested the efficacy of different classes of compounds, ellagitannins and olean-type triterpenoids, contained in Anogeissus leiocarpus extract (combretaceae family) in comparison to ellagitannins of castanea sativa extract in a rat model of osteoarthritis induced by the intra-articular injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA). The decoction of stem bark of A. leiocarpus AL-DEc-TOT (300 mg/kg;4.8% triterpenoids;11.0% tannins), the butanol extract AL-BuOH-EXT (120 mg/kg;triterpenoids 20.9%;tannins 6.4%) and its correlated aqueous residue AL-Res-H2O (300 mg/kg;triterpenoids 0.7%;tannins 8.7%) and the decoction of c. sativa, cS-DEc-TOT, (240 mg/kg;triterpenoids 0.65%;tannins 10.8%) were orally administered for two weeks starting from the day of the damage. Behavioural tests highlighted that all stem bark extracts of A. leiocarpus counteracted hypersensitivity development, reduced spontaneous pain, and improved motor skills. Histologically, AL-DEc-TOT, AL-BuOH-EXT and AL-Res-H2O were effective in preventing joint alterations. In conclusion, all the extracts were effective demonstrating that both olean-type triterpenoid and ellagitannin fractions have anti-hypersensitivity and restorative properties running the stem bark extracts of A. leiocarpus as a candidate in the treatment of OA.

关键词： A leiocarpus c sativa ellagitannins MIA olean type triterpenoids pain

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Emodin and aloe-emodin, two potential molecules in regulating cell migration of skin cells through the MAP kinase pathway and affecting caenorhabditis elegans thermotolerance

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BMc MOLEcULAR AND cELL BIOLOGY 2023年第1期24卷 1页

作者： Gunaydin-Akyildiz, Aysenur Yanikoglu, Rabia Sare Gulec, Meltem Alim-Toraman, Gulbahar Ozge Kuran, Ebru Didem Atasoy, Sezen Olgun, Abdullah Topcu, Gulacti Bezmialem Vakif Univ Fac Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Toxicol TR-34093 Istanbul Turkiye Bezmialem Vakif Univ Fac Pharm Dept Biochem TR-34093 Istanbul Turkiye Istinye Univ Fac Pharm TR-34010 Istanbul Turkiye Bezmialem Vakif Univ Fac Pharm Dept Pharmacognosy TR-34093 Istanbul Turkiye Bezmialem Vakif Univ Fac Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Chem TR-34093 Istanbul Turkiye Istinye Univ Fac Med TR-34010 Istanbul Turkiye

BackgroundEmodin and aloe-emodin are two anthraquinones having positive effects in wound healing. However, their mechanism of action of wound healing is not fully understood. The MAP kinase family, which plays an active role in wound healing, is a well-characterized large family of serine/threonine kinases and regulates processes such as proliferation, oncogenesis, differentiation, and inflammation in the cell. The aim of this study is to comparatively elucidate the mechanisms of action of emodin and aloe-emodin, which are potential agents in wound *** mechanism of the effects of emodin and aloe-emodin on cell viability and cell migration was examined using the human skin fibroblast (ccD-1079Sk) cell line. The gene expression levels of the MAP kinases (JNK, P38, ERK) in the skin fibroblast cells along with a molecular docking study analyzing their interaction potential were evaluated. Furthermore, the molecules' effects on the lifespan of caenorhabditis elegans were *** and aloe-emodin inhibited the ATP content of the cells in a concentration dependent manner and accelerated cell migration at the lower concentrations while inhibiting cell migration in the higher concentration treatment groups. The expressions of JNK and P38 were upregulated at the low concentrations and downregulated at the higher concentrations. The molecular docking studies of the molecules gave high docking scores indicating their interaction potential with JNK and P38. c. elegans lifespan under heat stress was observed longer after 75 & mu;M emodin and was significantly reduced after 150 & mu;M aloe-emodin ***-emodin was found to be more potent on cell viability, cell migration, gene expression levels of the MAP kinases in healthy fibroblastic skin cells, and on the lifespan of c. elegans. This study reveals the functional effects and the biological factors that interact in the wound healing process of emodin and aloe-emodin, and give a possi

关键词： Emodin Aloe-emodin Molecular docking MAP kinase JNK P38 ERK c elegans Thermotolerance

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Solidified saturated fats coating subunit vaccines greatly extended vaccine booster release and contributed to a Th1/Th2 mixed immune response in mice

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VAccINE 2023年第27期41卷 3989-4001页

作者： choudhary, Pooja Boamah, Bright Ng, Siew Hon White, Aaron Weber, Lynn P. Wilson, Heather L. Univ Saskatchewan Vaccine & Infect Dis Org VIDO 120 Vet Rd Saskatoon SK S7N5E3 Canada Univ Saskatchewan Toxicol Grad Program 44 Campus Dr Saskatoon SK S7N 5B3 Canada Univ Saskatchewan Western Coll Vet Med Dept Vet Microbiol Sci 52 Campus Dr Saskatoon SK S7N 5B4 Canada Univ Saskatchewan Western Coll Vet Med Dept Vet Biomed Sci 52 Campus Dr Saskatoon SK S7N 5B4 Canada Univ Saskatchewan Sch Publ Hlth Vaccinol & Immunotherapeut 52 Campus Dr Saskatoon SK Canada Univ Saskatchewan VIDO 120 Vet Rd Saskatoon SK S7N 5E3 Canada

Delayed release of vaccine coupled with a soluble vaccine acts as a primer and a booster with only a single administration, which would be very beneficial to livestock producers. We developed a subdermal pellet consisting of solid-phase pure stearic acid (SA) or palmitic acid (PA) that was used to encapsulate a small volume liquid vaccine consisting of fluorescently labeled *Ovalbumin (cy5-*OVA) formulated with Emulsigen-D +/- Poly I:c (EMP) adjuvants. Mice were also immunized via the subcutaneous route with cy5-*OVA-EMP (soluble liquid). The vaccine leached out of the pellet with very little dissolution of the fat itself resulting in the sustained subdermal delivery of antigens and adjuvants. cy5-*OVA was still visible 60 days post administration in mice immunized with stearic acid-coated or palmitic acid-coated pellets. In these mice, persistently high IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titres were detected as well as significant IFNc production at least 60 days post-injection. These responses were significantly higher than those observed after a single subcutaneous injection of the vaccine. A repeat trial with the pellets alone +/- the soluble vaccine showed comparable immune responses after surgical implantation of the pellet, suggesting that pellet alone may be sufficient. The PA-coated vaccines led to dermal inflammation in the mice that would limit usefulness of this vehicle, but this was largely absent when SA was used to coat the pellets. These data suggest that the SA-coated adjuvanted vaccine prolonged the release of the vaccine and triggered a comparable immune response to the mice that received the two liquid injections, and a single pellet vaccine should be tested as a novel immunization method for livestock. & cOPY;2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mice Stearic acid Palmitic acid Pellet Emulsigen-D Poly I c

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Exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles at predicted environmental concentrations enhances toxic effects of Acinetobacter johnsonii Ac15 infection on caenorhabditis elegans

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EcOTOXIcOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023年第1期262卷 115131页

作者： Tang, Mingfeng Ding, Guoying Li, Liane Xiao, Guosheng Wang, Dayong Chongqing Three Gorges Univ Coll Biol & Food Engn Wanzhou Peoples R China Southeast Univ Med Sch Nanjing Peoples R China

Nanoplastics and microbial pathogens are both widely distributed in the environment;however, their combined toxicity remains largely unclear. Using caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model, we examined the possible effect of exposure to polystyrene nanoparticle (PS-NP) in Acinetobacter johnsonii Ac15 (a bacterial pathogen) infected animals. Exposure to PS-NP at the concentrations of 0.1-10 & mu;g/L significantly enhanced the toxicity of Acinetobacter johnsonii Ac15 infection on lifespan and locomotion behaviors. In addition, after exposure to 0.1-10 & mu;g/L PS-NP, the accumulation of Acinetobacter johnsonii Ac15 in body of nematodes was also increased. Meanwhile, the innate immune response indicated by the increase of antimicrobial gene expressions in Acinetobacter johnsonii Ac15 infected nematodes was suppressed by exposure to 0.1-10 & mu;g/L PS-NP. Moreover, expressions of egl-1, dbl-1, bar-1, daf-16, pmk-1, and elt-2 governing the bacterial infection and immunity in Acinetobacter johnsonii Ac15 infected nematodes were further inhibited by exposure to 0.1-10 & mu;g/L PS-NP. Therefore, our data suggested the possible exposure risk of nanoplastic at predicted environmental concentrations in enhancing the toxic effects of bacterial pathogens on environmental organisms.

关键词： c elegans combinational exposure Nanoplastic Bacterial infection

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Evolution of Digitization toward the Internet of Evolution of Digitization toward the Internet of Digital & cognitive Realities and Smart Ecosystems Digital & cognitive Realities and Smart Ecosystems

INFOCOMMUNICATIONS JOURNAL

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INFOcOMMUNIcATIONS JOURNAL 2023年 2023卷 2-8页

作者： Sallai, Gyula Budapest Univ Technol & Econ BME Budapest Hungary

The evolutionary phases and perspectives of the ss are presented focusing on thei milestones ssre presented fcsing on te m stones f digitization process are presented focusing on the mlestones of ofc technological .evolution. The dgital convergence te nological vuion. T gtal onvergence te nological ev lution. T he igital convergence of ,s, ,, ts t tly t t communications , information technology and media, the concept i,ifocounications, th extensino of tnetworking tfoconicatins te xtenion one working by of cognitive nfocommunications , the extension of networking by , by Intrnet of Things, the iersive tnlogies s Iternt ohgs, te imersive echnologies as t Internet of Things, the immersive technologies as augmented reality and virtual reality and the artificial intelligence have reaitand virul reality nd the rtfcial inteigence ave reality and virtual reality and the artificial intelligence have s t tt f iitl relevant role in the shaping the concept of the Internet of Digital a tive Realties (IoDc) and the Smart Ecosystes as cogniie Relities (I Dc) ate Sma t Ecs ystes as Srt & cognitive Realities (IoDc) an d the Smart Ecos stems as Smart Smart cities nd Smat Factories. cities anSmrt Factories cities and Smart Factories.

关键词： e-artificial intelligence augmented and virtual nex erms artificial intelience ugmented and virtal Index Terms -artificial intelligence augmented and virtual tos c connfoins ne reality cognitive infocommunications digital convergence ss zrss net tasstem tation ocess uture trnenternet Digital Ecosystem digitization process Future Internet Internet s t cosystem Smart city f ns Smart Ecsstem Smrt city of Things Smart Ecosystem Smart city

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eIF4E as a molecular wildcard in metazoans RNA metabolism

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BIOLOGIcAL REVIEWS 2023年第6期98卷 2284-2306页

作者： Hernandez, Greco Vazquez-Pianzola, Paula Natl Inst Canc Inst Nacl Cancerol INCan mRNA & Canc Lab Unit Biomed Res Canc 22 San Fernando Ave Mexico City 14080 Mexico Univ Bern Inst Cell Biol Baltzerstr 4 CH-3012 Bern Switzerland

The evolutionary origin of eukaryotes spurred the transition from prokaryotic-like translation to a more sophisticated, eukaryotic translation. During this process, successive gene duplication of a single, primordial eIF4E gene encoding the mRNA cap-binding protein eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) gave rise to a plethora of paralog genes across eukaryotes that underwent further functional diversification in RNA metabolism. The ability to take different roles is due to eIF4E promiscuity in binding many partner proteins, rendering eIF4E a highly versatile and multifunctional player that functions as a molecular wildcard. Thus, in metazoans, eIF4E paralogs are involved in various processes, including messenger RNA (mRNA) processing, export, translation, storage, and decay. Moreover, some paralogs display differential expression in tissues and developmental stages and show variable biochemical properties. In this review, we discuss recent advances shedding light on the functional diversification of eIF4E in metazoans. We emphasise humans and two phylogenetically distant species which have become paradigms for studies on development, namely the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the roundworm caenorhabditis elegans.

关键词： eIF4E translation initiation metazoan Drosophila c elegans

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Strategies for high nitrogen production and fertilizer value of plant-based fertilizers

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JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL ScIENcE 2023年第1期186卷 105-115页

作者： Lynge, Mariane Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg Grevsen, Kai Sorensen, Jorn Nygaard Aarhus Univ Dept Food Sci Aarhus Denmark Aarhus Univ Dept Food Sci Agro Food Pk 48 DK-8200 Aarhus Denmark

BackgroundOrganic vegetable production has a demand for alternative fertilizers to replace fertilizers from sources that are not organic, that is, typically animal-based ones from conventional farming. AimsThe aim of this study was to develop production strategies of plant-based fertilizers to maximize cumulative nitrogen (N) production (equal to N yield by green manure crops), while maintaining a low carbon-to-nitrogen (c:N) ratio, and to test the fertilizer value in organic vegetable production. MethodsThe plant-based fertilizers consisted of the perennial green manure crops-alfalfa, white clover, red clover, and a mixture of red clover and ryegrass-and the annual green-manure crops-broad bean, lupine, and pea. The crops were cut several times at different developmental stages. The harvested crops were used fresh or pelleted as fertilizers for field-grown white cabbage and leek. The fertilizer value was tested with respect to biomass, N offtake, N recovery, and soil mineral N (N-min). Poultry manure and an unfertilized treatment were used as controls. ResultsThe cumulative N production of the perennial green manure crops ranged from 300 to 640 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) when cut two to five times. The highest productions occurred at early and intermediate developmental stages, when cut three to four times. Annual green manure crops produced 110-320 kg N ha(-1) y(-1), since repeated cutting was restricted. The c:N ratio of the green manure crops was 8.5-20.5, and increased with developmental stage. The fertilizer value of green manure, as measured in white cabbage and leek, was comparable to animal-based manure on the condition that the c:N ratio was low (<18). N recovery was 20%-49% for green manure and 29%-42% for poultry manure. A positive correlation was detected between soil N-min and vegetable N offtake shortly after incorporating the green manure crops, indicating synchrony between N release and crop demand. conclusionsPlant-based fertilizers represent highly product

关键词： c N ratio cut-and-carry green manure nitrogen vegetables

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Antimicrobial surface processing of polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin using a novel silica-based coating technology

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cLINIcAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS 2023年第3期27卷 1043-1053页

作者： Tsutsumi-Arai, chiaki Akutsu-Suyama, Kazuhiro Iwamiya, Yoko Terada-Ito, chika Hiroi, Zenji Shibayama, Mitsuhiro Satomura, Kazuhito Tsurumi Univ Sch Dent Med Dept Oral Med & Stomatol 2-1-3 Tsurumi Ku Yokohama Kanagawa 2308501 Japan Neutron Sci & Technol Ctr Comprehens Res Org Sci & Soc CROSS Tokai Ibaraki 3191106 Japan Choetsu Kaken Co Ltd Yokohama Kanagawa 2300045 Japan Univ Tokyo Inst Solid State Phys Kashiwa Chiba 2778581 Japan

Objectives This study investigated the surface characteristics of denture base resin coatings prepared using a novel silica-based film containing hinokitiol and assessed the effect of this coating on candida albicans adhesion and growth. Methods Silica-based coating solutions (control solution;cS) and cS containing hinokitiol (cS-H) were prepared. c. albicans biofilm formed on denture base specimens coated with each solution and these uncoated specimens (control) were analyzed using colony-forming unit (cFU) assay, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Specimen surfaces were analyzed by measuring the surface roughness and wettability and with Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR). Stability of coated specimens was assessed via immersion in water for 1 week for each group (control-1w, cS-1w, and cS-H-1w) followed by cFU assay, measurement of surface roughness and wettability, and FT-IR. Results cS-H and cS-H-1w contained significantly lower cFUs than those present in the control and control-1w, which was also confirmed via SEM. Fluorescence microscopy from the cS-H group identified several dead cells. The values of surface roughness from coating groups were significantly less than those from the control and control-1w. The surface wettability from all coating groups exhibited high hydrophobicity. FT-IR analyses demonstrated that specimens were successfully coated, and H-1 NMR analyses showed that hinokitiol was incorporated inside cS-H. conclusions A silica-based denture coating that incorporates hinokitiol inhibits c. albicans growth on denture.

关键词： Silica-resin coating Hinokitiol c albicans Denture Denture stomatitis

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Synthesis, characterization, in vitro cytotoxicity of novel metallo phthalocyanines with four methylpropiophenonyl clusters and their effects on caenorhabditis elegans thermotolerance

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cHEMIcAL PAPERS 2023年第3期77卷 1561-1572页

作者： Senoglu, Sema Gulec, Meltem Dokgoz, Elif Yavuz Ozturk, Ayca Bal Izbudak, Burcin Salih, Bekir Olgun, Abdullah ceyhan, Tanju Istinye Univ Istanbul Turkey

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) have the potential to be used in many medical applications. Novel Zn (II), co (II), and cu (II) phthalocyanines (Pcs) 4, 5, and 6, respectively, containing four methylpropiophenonyl units at the peripheral positions were described. Pcs were synthesized by cyclotetramerization of the previously prepared precursor 2-hydroxy-4'-[2-(3,4-dicyanophenoxyethoxy)]-2-methylpropiophenone 3 with the presence of metal salts under nitrogen atmosphere. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR (Infrared spectroscopy), UV-visible spectroscopy, and Laser Desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (LDI-TOF-MS) methods. The compounds were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity in cultured human cells, and thermotolerance in caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans). Standard MTT assays were carried out for cytotoxicity testing using HeLa and L929 cells. Results showed that there was no significant decrease in the cell viability with zinc (II), cobalt (II), and copper (II) phthalocyanines (ZnPc, coPc, and cuPc) at 0.25 mu M concentration. c. elegans survival assay with ZnPc, coPc, and cuPc under heat stress showed that although a dose-dependent statistically significant toxicity was observed for ZnPc and cuPc, coPc was not toxic at all concentrations tested and even increased the survival of worms at the 0.050-0.250 mu M concentration range. Therefore, coPc can be a lead compound for further preclinical studies for its potential in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-aging purposes.

关键词： Phthalocyanines cytotoxicity c elegans cell culture Thermotolerance

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