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Gastrointestinal complications after fast-track total hip and knee replacement: an observational study in a consecutive 36,932 patient cohort

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ARcHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIc AND TRAUMA SURGERY 2023年第10期143卷 6033-6038页

作者： Daugberg, Louise O. H. Kehlet, Henrik Petersen, Pelle Jakobsen, Thomas Jorgensen, christoffer Aalborg Univ Hosp Dept Orthoped Surg Hobrovej 18-22 DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark Rigshosp Copenhagen Univ Hosp Sect Surg Pathophysiol Blegdamsvej 9 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark Lundbeck Fdn Ctr Fast Track Hip & Knee Arthroplas Copenhagen Denmark

IntroductionGastrointestinal complications after total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been reported to be between 0.3 and 2.6% with bleeding and c. difficile infection in 0-1%, and 0.1-1.7%, respectively. The use of enhanced recovery or "fast-track" protocols have focused on optimizing all aspects of perioperative care resulting in reduced length of hospital stay (LOS) and potentially also gastrointestinal complications. This study is a detailed analysis on the occurrence of postoperative gastrointestinal complications resulting in increased hospital stay or readmissions in a large consecutive cohort of fast-track THA and TKA with complete 90 days *** and methodsThis is an observational study on a consecutive cohort of primary unilateral THAs and TKAs performed between January 2010 and August 2017 in nine Danish high-volume fast-track centers. Discharge summaries and relevant patient records were reviewed in patients with readmissions within 90 days or LOS > 4 days caused by gastrointestinal complications. ResultsThe cohort included 36,932 patients with 58.3% females and 54.1% THAs. Mean age and BMI were 68 years and 28. Median postoperative LOS was 2 days. Only n: 276 (0.75 %) had a LOS > 4 days or a readmission within 90 days due to a gastrointestinal complication (cI 0.67%-0.84%). Of these, only 34 (0.09%) were graded as severe ileus or gastrointestinal *** risk of GI-complications within the first 90 postoperative days after fast-track THA and TKA was low (0.75%).

关键词： THA TKA Fast-track GI-complications POI GI-bleed c difficile

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chlamydia trachomatis infection co-operatively enhances HPV E6-E7 oncogenes mediated tumorigenesis and immunosuppression

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MIcROBIAL PATHOGENESIS 2023年第1期175卷 000-000页

作者： challagundla, Naveen chrisophe-Bourdon, Jean Agrawal-Rajput, Reena Inst Adv Res Immunol Lab Gandhinagar 382426 Gujarat India Univ Dundee Dept Surg & Mol Oncol European Associated Lab Inserm U858 Dundee DD1 9SY Scotland

chlamydia trachomatis and human papilloma virus (HPV) are the two most common sexually transmitted infections among women. HPV infection can increase the risk of cervical cancer and infertility while c. trachomatis induces pelvic inflammatory disease. Here, we elucidate the molecular conundrum of the co-infection of HPV and c. trachomatis infection and their outcome with respect to cervical cancer. HPV infection was mimicked by overexpression of HPV 16 E6-E7 or using human cervical cell lines SiHa and c33a (with and without HPV 16 respectively). HPV transfected co-infection increased cell proliferation and resistance to H202 and TNF alpha-induced cell death compared to individual infections. These changes are brought by alteration in the cell cycle proteins (cDK2, cDK6 and Bcl2) and thus increasing the stemness of the epithelial cells as observed by increased colony forming units and cD133 expression. The co-infection also induces change in the mRNA levels of cells which are involved in mesenchymal phenotype. c. trachomatis in presence of E6-E7 overexpression caused cervical epithelial neoplasm in mice with increased Ki67 expression and decreased P53 levels. Stem cell marker, cD133 expression also increased in the cervical tissues of both infected and co-infected group of mice. The cells obtained from the cervix were able to grow continuously in ex vivo cultures. All these results indicate the co-existence of the c. trachomatis and HPV 16 might increase the risk of cervical cancer.

关键词： c trachomatis E6-E7 cervical cancer Apoptosis cellular transformation

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Rational genome and metabolic engineering of candida viswanathii by split cRISPR to produce hundred grams of dodecanedioic acid

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METABOLIc ENGINEERING 2023年第1期77卷 76-88页

作者： Pham, Nam Ngoc chang, chin-Wei chang, Yi-Hao Tu, Yi chou, June-Yen Wang, Hsing-Yun Hu, Yu-chen Natl Tsing Hua Univ Dept Chem Engn Hsinchu Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Life Sci Taipei Taiwan Innovation& R&D Div Chang Chun Grp Taipei Taiwan Dairen Chem Corp Taipei Taiwan Natl Tsing Hua Univ Frontier Res Ctr Fundamental & Appl Sci Matters Hsinchu Taiwan

candida viswanathii is a promising cell factory for producing dodecanedioic acid (DDA) and other long chain dicarboxylic acids. However, metabolic engineering of c. viswanathii is difficult partly due to the lack of synthetic biology toolkits. Here we developed cRISPR-based approaches for rational genome and metabolic engineering of c. viswanathii. We first optimized the cRISPR system and protocol to promote the homozygous gene integration efficiency to >60%. We also designed a split cRISPR system for one-step integration of multiple genes into c. viswanathii. We uncovered that co-expression of cYP52A19, cPRb and FAO2 that catalyze different steps in the biotransformation enhances DDA production and abolishes accumulation of intermediates. We also unveiled that co-expression of additional enzyme POS5 further promotes DDA production and augments cell growth. We harnessed the split cRISPR system to co-integrate these 4 genes (13.6 kb) into c. viswanathii and generated a stable strain that doubles the DDA titer (224 g/L), molar conversion (83%) and productivity (1.87 g/L/h) when compared with the parent strain. This study altogether identifies appropriate enzymes/promoters to augment dodecane conversion to DDA and implicates the potential of split cRISPR system for metabolic engineering of c. viswanathii.

关键词： Dodecanedioic acid c viswanathii Split cRISPR POS5 cPRb

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characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strain Bacillus cereus with special reference to exopolysaccharide production

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JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION 2023年第11期46卷 2608-2620页

作者： Parvin, Nasrin Mukherjee, Biyas Roy, Sanchali Dutta, Sikha Univ Burdwan Dept Bot Mol Plant Pathol & Fungal Biotechnol Lab Bardhaman India East Calcutta Girls Coll Kolkata India Univ Burdwan Dept Bot Mol Plant Pathol & Fungal Biotechnol Lab Bardhaman 713104 West Bengal India

Exo-polysaccharides (EPS) possess unique water holding and cementing properties that help in soil aggregation. EPS also increase nutrient uptake in plants, increase water flow across the roots, reduce saline stress by up taking Na+ from soil and increases plant resistance to drought stress. All these factors lead to investigate for eco-friendly and economically reasonable sources of exo-polysaccharides. The exo-polysaccharides secreted by bacteria might play potential role in improvement of agricultural productivity. In the present study, seven bacterial isolates from rice rhizosphere were characterized for their plant growth promoting traits. The isolate NP6 showed most promising results with indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, hydrogen cyanide production, ammonia production, nitrogen fixation along with significant amount of exo-polysaccharides production. The strain was identified as Bacillus cereus by 16S rDNA sequencing method. The co-inoculation of NP6 with pathogenic fungal strain Alternaria alternata showed 86% inhibition of the mycelial growth. For NP6, fructose and peptone were proved to be most optimum carbon and nitrogen sources respectively for exo-polysaccharide production. At a c/N ratio of 20, highest exo-polysaccharides production was observed. In presence of salinity stress NP6 is also able to secrete considerable amount of EPS. All these properties of NP6 make it a candidate to be utilized in large scale exo-polysaccharides production as well as bio-inoculant for improvement of soil condition.

关键词： Bacillus cereus bio-inoculant c N ratio exopolysaccharide plant growth promoting trait rhizosphere

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Functional consequences of Genetics variant in TMc1 and TMc2 within a United Arab Emirates family with Pre-lingual hearing loss

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SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGIcAL ScIENcES 2023年第2期30卷

作者： Al Mutery, Abdullah Mohamed, Walaa Kamal Eldin Mahfood, Mona chouchen, Jihen Tlili, Abdelaziz Univ Sharjah Coll Sci Dept Appl Biol Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Autonoma Barcelona Dept Genet & Microbiol Fac Biociencies Barcelona Spain Univ Sharjah Res Inst Sci & Engn Human Genet & Stem Cells Res Grp Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Mol Genet & Stem Cell Res Lab Sharjah U Arab Emirates

Hearing loss (HL) is the most prevalent sensory disorder whose etiology comes from environmental and/ or genetic factors. Approximately 60 % of HL cases are due to mutations in genes responsible for main-taining a normal hearing function. Despite the monogenic inheritance of hereditary hearing loss (HHL), its diagnosis is challenging as both clinical and genetic heterogeneity characterizes it. Through the devel-opment of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, the number of identified mutations responsible for HHL has increased exponentially during the last decade. Mutations in the TMc1 have been reported in several patients with nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss (NSHHL), more precisely in cases with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. In this study, we conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis of a United Arabs Emirates (UAE) family with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). This analysis revealed segregation of the TMc1 missense mutation c.596A > T (***199Ile) with the disease. Bioinformatics analysis supported the pathogenic effect of this mutation and predicted its impact at the proteomics level. Molecular docking analysis of TMc2WT, TMc2R123K, TMc2Q205R, and TMc2R123K + Q205R. Finally, protein docking results suggest a role for TMc2 variants in the phenotypic variability observed within the investigated family.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the cc BY-Nc-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Non-syndromic Hearing Loss Whole-exome sequencing TMc1 c 596A > T mutation Phenotypic variability Protein docking

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The worm Adult Activity Test (wAAT): A de novo mathematical model for detecting acute chemical effects in caenorhabditis elegans

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXIcOLOGY 2023年第12期43卷 1899-1915页

作者： Hunt, Piper Reid Welch, Bonnie camacho, Jessica Bushana, Priyanka N. Rand, Hugh Sprando, Robert L. Ferguson, Martine US FDA Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr Div Toxicol Off Appl Res & Safety Assessment Laurel MD USA Washington State Univ Dept Translat Med & Physiol Hlth Sci Campus Pullman WA USA US FDA Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr Off Analyt & Outreach Biostat & Bioinformat Staff College Pk MD 20740 USA

We have adapted a semiautomated method for tracking caenorhabditis elegans spontaneous locomotor activity into a quantifiable assay by developing a sophisticated method for analyzing the time course of measured activity. The 16-h worm Adult Activity Test (wAAT) can be used to measure c. elegans activity levels for efficient screening for pharmacological and toxicity-induced effects. As with any apical endpoint assay, the wAAT is mode of action agnostic, allowing for detection of effects from a broad spectrum of response pathways. With caffeine as a model mild stimulant, the wAAT showed transient hyperactivity followed by reversion to baseline. Mercury chloride (Hgcl2) produced an early dose-response hyperactivity phase followed by pronounced hypoactivity, a behavior pattern we have termed a toxicant "escape response." Methylmercury chloride (meHgcl) produced a similar pattern to Hgcl2, but at much lower concentrations, a weaker hyperactivity response, and more pronounced hypoactivity. Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) induced hypoactivity at high concentrations. Acute toxicity, as measured by hypoactivity in c. elegans adults, was ranked: meHgcl > Hgcl2 > NaAsO2 = DMA. caffeine was not toxic with the wAAT at tested concentrations. Methods for conducting the wAAT are described, along with instructions for preparing c. elegans Habitation Medium, a liquid nutrient medium that allows for developmental timing equivalent to that found with c. elegans grown on agar with OP50 Escherichia coli feeder cultures. A de novo mathematical parametric model for adult c. elegans activity and the application of this model in ranking exposure toxicity are presented.

关键词： alternative toxicity model c elegans spontaneous locomotor activity modeling

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Enhanced Targeting, Retention, and Penetration of Amphotericin B Through a Biomimetic Strategy to Treat Against Vulvovaginal candidiasis

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ADVANcED THERAPEUTIcS 2023年第1期6卷

作者： Lin, Yijing Yin, Qingqing Zhuge, Deli Hu, Yiqin Yang, Xuewei Tian, Dongyan Li, Li Wang, Haonan Liu, Shuangshuang Weng, cuiye Zhang, Xufei Wen, Bin Wang, Fang Yan, Linzhi chen, Mengchun Wang, Ledan chen, Yijie Wenzhou Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Dept Obstet & Gynecol Wenzhou 325027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Wenzhou Med Univ Sch Pharmaceut Sci Dept Pharmaceut Wenzhou 325015 Zhejiang Peoples R China Wenzhou Med Univ Lab Anim Ctr Wenzhou 325015 Zhejiang Peoples R China Wenzhou Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Dept Pharm Wenzhou 325027 Zhejiang Peoples R China

An effective therapeutic strategy to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVc) that is mainly caused by candida albicans (c. albicans) infection is highly desirable. While Amphotericin B (AmB) has demonstrated promise, its precise localization to c. albicans burden at vaginal sites is oftentimes limited by the high fluidity microenvironment of the vagina, which can compromise treatment efficacy. To overcome this issue, a biomimetic AmB delivery system is developed, in which AmB preloaded polymeric cores are cloaked with vaginal epithelial cells membrane (VM-ANP). With its cell membrane coating, VM-ANP naturally targets and strongly binds with c. albicans, thus resisting the self-cleaning of vaginal fluid. Besides its long retention property, VM-ANP could penetrate deeply in vaginal tissue to achieve its full antifungal potential by attaching to hidden c. albicans. It is shown that both c. albicans suspension and biofilm biomass could be effectively inhibited by the VM-ANP in vitro. In a c. albicans intravaginal infection model, treatment with VM-ANP results in significantly decreased fungal challenges both in vaginal tissue and fluid. Overall, such biomimetic strategy adds the merit of natural cell membrane into the targeted delivery of drug in treating VVc, which also serves as a promising platform against vaginitis-related pathogens.

关键词： Amphotericin B antifungal therapy c albicans infection retention and penetration vaginal epithelial cell membrane

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The synaptic organization in the caenorhabditis elegansneural network suggests significant local compartmentalized computations br

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PROcEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL AcADEMY OF ScIENcES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERIcA 2023年第3期120卷 e2201699120-e2201699120页

作者： Ruach, Rotem Ratner, Nir Emmons, Scott W. Zaslaver, Alon Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Silberman Inst Life Sci Dept Genet IL-9190401 Jerusalem Israel Albert Einstein Coll Med Dominick P Purpura Dept Neurosci New York NY 10461 USA Albert Einstein Coll Med Dept Genet New York NY 10461 USA

Neurons are characterized by elaborate tree-like dendritic structures that support local computations by integrating multiple inputs from upstream presynaptic neurons. It is less clear whether simple neurons, consisting of a few or even a single neurite, may per-form local computations as well. To address this question, we focused on the compact neural network of caenorhabditis elegansanimals for which the full wiring diagram is available, including the coordinates of individual synapses. We find that the positions of the chemical synapses along the neurites are not randomly distributed nor can they be explained by anatomical constraints. Instead, synapses tend to form clusters, an organ-ization that supports local compartmentalized computations. In mutually synapsing neurons, connections of opposite polarity cluster separately, suggesting that positive and negative feedback dynamics may be implemented in discrete compartmentalized regions along neurites. In triple-neuron circuits, the nonrandom synaptic organization may facilitate local functional roles, such as signal integration and coordinated activa-tion of functionally related downstream neurons. These clustered synaptic topologies emerge as a guiding principle in the network, presumably to facilitate distinct parallel functions along a single neurite, which effectively increase the computational capacity of the neural network

关键词： synapse neurite computation c elegans

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Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus alleviates arsenic mediated disturbances in tricarboxylic acid cycle and nitrogen metabolism in Triticum aestivum L.

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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOcHEMISTRY 2023年 197卷 107631页

作者： Gupta, Samta Thokchom, Sarda Devi Kapoor, Rupam Univ Delhi Dept Bot Delhi 110007 India

Utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (AMF) as a sustainable strategy in redeeming arsenic (As) toxicity in plants is a promising approach. Low As accumulation, restoration of physiological processes, and As tolerance by AMF have been documented in crop plants. However, to comprehend AM-mediated As tolerance in plants, understanding the biochemical responses of host to the symbiont is crucial. The study evaluated the effect of an AM fungus, Rhizophagus intraradices on tricarboxylic acid cycle (TcA) and nitrogen metabolism of Triticum aestivum under three As concentrations (0, 25, and 50 mg As kg-1 soil). Results showed that TcA cycle and nitrogen metabolism were severely impaired by As that resulted into a higher c/N ratio. However, colonization by R. intraradices attenuated As mediated alterations in TcA cycle by augmenting the activity of pyruvate de-hydrogenase that provided sufficient substrate for the TcA cycle. Furthermore, mycorrhizal (M) plants reinstated the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase even under high As level. Although citrate synthase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activities declined upon As exposure in M-plants, these were nevertheless higher than their non-mycorrhizal (NM) counterparts, ensuring higher levels of citric acid and succinic acid in M-plants. AM colonization also moderated the As-mediated disturbances in nitrogen assimilation by augmenting the activity of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, gluta-mine synthase, and glutamine-2-oxoglutarate amino transferase. Overall findings of the study point out that colonization by R. intraradices favourably regulated the TcA cycle and nitrogen metabolism and confronted As -mediated alterations in c/N ratio.

关键词： Arsenic stress c N ratio Nitrogen and ammonium assimilation Rhizophagus intraradices Tricarboxylic acid cycle Wheat

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Magnetic Storm Effects on the Occurrence and characteristics of Plasma Bubbles

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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSIcAL RESEARcH-SPAcE PHYSIcS 2023年第11期128卷 e2023JA031292-e2023JA031292页

作者： Adhya, P. Valladares, c. E. Univ Texas Dallas W B Hanson Ctr Space Sci Richardson TX 75080 USA

The communications/Navigation Outages Forecast System satellite mission was designed to investigate the ionospheric conditions that lead to the formation of irregularities. Here, we have studied the effect of magnetic storms on the formation and evolution of plasma bubbles during the satellite's lifetime (2008-2015). During this period encompassing solar minimum and maximum conditions, many magnetic storms of varying intensity developed, producing a unique and rich data set of 248 storms (14 intense, 69 moderate, and 165 weak) that occurred during the same timeframe to examine the role of external magnetospheric drivers in the production and dynamics of equatorial plasma bubbles. We have used the Planar Langmuir Probe and Ion Velocity Meter instruments to elucidate the role of magnetic storm intensity on the bubble's depth, internal speed, width, occurrence, and lifetime. The pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) tends to increase during the main phase and when B-Z is southward. New bubbles occur during large excursions of the PRE value. The bubble lifetime extends and remains active during the main and part of the recovery phase. The plasma velocity within the bubbles increases and typically becomes over 100 m/s during significant PRE and B-Z negative times. The depth of bubbles reaches values close to 100% during intense storms. In general, the intensity of the storms seems to control and augment the plasma bubbles' depth, width, and internal velocity.

关键词： equatorial spread F magnetic storms equatorial plasma bubbles c NOFS bubble depth bubble internal vertical velocity

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