Since its inception almost fifty years ago, Modern china has kept pace with international scholarly trends and greatly influenced global academia. As the founder and editor of Modern china, Philip c. c. Huang's ed...
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Since its inception almost fifty years ago, Modern china has kept pace with international scholarly trends and greatly influenced global academia. As the founder and editor of Modern china, Philip c. c. Huang's editorial principles, scholarly ideas, and personal theories and methodologies have been prominently embodied in the themes and contents of the journal, which has guided the development, evolution, and changing currents in the field of china studies. Reflecting back on the older methodologies of china studies, Huang abandoned the existing theoretical framework of either/or binaries and, basing himself firmly in empirical practice, pursued a new perspective focusing on the interrelationships and interpenetrations between dualities. Huang's work has laid out the path for the future development of theory and practice in china studies.
This paper explores the vertices of Jung's, Anzaldua's and Benjamin's distinct ontologies and the way in which they connect in the shared recognition that what has been estranged in human history is enigma...
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This paper explores the vertices of Jung's, Anzaldua's and Benjamin's distinct ontologies and the way in which they connect in the shared recognition that what has been estranged in human history is enigmatically lodged in the world's fabric today. cultural distress, in other words, is the outcome of what has become repudiated in the self and the collective across time. From this perspective, the paper argues that we have a collective responsibility to listen to the claims of the dead laid bare in moments of contemporary real-world danger and it elaborates the psychical dimensions of being that are cultivated in times of danger. The author contends that these psychical presences are the dead of human history including our ancestral heritage that linger and possibly may penetrate our awareness. They haunt and hold a potential to animate our movement towards a sublimatory process that can be seen as a precursor to social responsiveness and action. The author explores this through her own experience with an example of the spawning of spiritual activism within the socio-political maelstrom of AIDS.
Grape aroma precursors have been extensively studied and many glycosidically-bound terpenols and c13-norisoprenoids were identified. Instead, these compounds were scarcely investigated in green coffea arabica where ju...
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Grape aroma precursors have been extensively studied and many glycosidically-bound terpenols and c13-norisoprenoids were identified. Instead, these compounds were scarcely investigated in green coffea arabica where just few glycosidiccompounds were identified so far. By resorting to knowledge of glycoside aroma precursors in grape and the possibility to identify their structures using a high-resolution mass spectrometry database constructed for grape metabolomics, targeted investigation of glycoside precursors in green c. arabica from different geographical origins, was performed. High linalool hexose-pentose was found in all the investigated samples and hexosyl-pentoside derivatives of geraniol, linalooloxide and another linalool isomer, were identified. Moreover, two putative norisoprenoid glycosides were characterized. 13-Damascenone was detected in the volatile fraction of the examined c. arabica coffees only after acid addition, however no signals of 13-damascenone glycosides, were found. Findings suggests that this important aroma compound could form by hydrolysis and dehydration of a putative 3-hydroxy-13-damascone glycoside precursor identified for the first time in coffee. Aglycones released during the roasting process contribute to enrich the coffee aroma with their positive sensory notes and the identification of these glycosides can contribute to disclose the coffee biology including biochemical, physiological and genetic aspects.
Purpose In the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cL), developing drug resistance, existing toxic effects of drugs and failure respond to treatment cause the need to try different treatment methods. We investigated...
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Purpose In the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cL), developing drug resistance, existing toxic effects of drugs and failure respond to treatment cause the need to try different treatment methods. We investigated the effect of gold-conjugated macrophage-specific antibody on amastigotes under infra-red light for the treatment of cL. Methods Female BALB/c (4-8 weeks old, 20 +/- 5 g weight) mice were used in the study. The L. major strain was inoculated on the soles of mice in amastigote form and subpassed. Nanogold (Au), Au + macrophage-specific antibody (MSA) modification and near infra-red (NIR) (5 seconds) were applied to mice groups that developed cutaneous leishmaniasis on their soles. On the 5th and 10th days of the treatment, the lesions were examined clinically and pathologically. Results When the erythema values were examined, the highest decrease was calculated in the Au + MSA + NIR group in the measurements made on the 10(th) day (p < 0.014). The best improvement in 10(th) day measurements is in the NIR and Au + MSA + NIR groups when area values were examined (p = 0.011, p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of parasite load (PL) (p < 0.005) in pathological evaluation. According to PL grouping, the best result is NIR (p = 0.002). When both main titles (clinical and pathological) are examined, the Au + MSA + NIR group is thought to have an optimal therapeutical feature. conclusions Au + MSA + NIR combination could be a new treatment approach for cL treatment.
Trinidadian thinker and activist c. L. R. James penned a criticism of Herman Melville's work, Mariners, Renegades, and castaways, while incarcerated in Ellis Island, New York, in the early 1950s. I investigate how...
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Trinidadian thinker and activist c. L. R. James penned a criticism of Herman Melville's work, Mariners, Renegades, and castaways, while incarcerated in Ellis Island, New York, in the early 1950s. I investigate how the contradictory claims on labour and race, literary analysis, and communism in the last chapter come from what I call the prison-detention continuum: a historical continuity allocated to prison and detention facilities despite an overt difference between the two. The distinction survived so as to maintain racial classification and labour force from the times of slavery and plantation to the cold War era. The physical statuses of those incarcerated were insecure when the Mccarran-Walter Act legalized ideological surveillance and accelerated racism inside and outside the carceral spaces. In his book on Melville, James clarifies the difference between prison and detention by emphasizing labour's role in Ellis Island. He situates his personal experience of maltreatment of his ulcer as a structural issue, produced by the way the officers obey their authorities without any principle. To foreground the docile individuals in the totalitarian society, he compares the inmates and officers on Ellis Island with the shipmates of the Pequod in Moby Dick. Furthermore, he regards that if labour is racialized, it will necessarily culminate in revolt. I argue that James's reference to the Korean War POWs on Koje Island prefigures an interracial solidarity that becomes visible after the Bandung conference of 1955.
作者:
Zhang, AlbertYan, DongDuke Univ
Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol Med Ctr Durham NC 27710 USA Duke Univ
Med Ctr Dept Neurobiol Regenerat Next Durham NC USA Duke Univ
Med Ctr Duke Inst Brain Sci Durham NC USA
Glia make up roughly half of all cells in the mammalian nervous system and play a major part in nervous system development, function, and disease. Although research in the past few decades has shed light on their morp...
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Glia make up roughly half of all cells in the mammalian nervous system and play a major part in nervous system development, function, and disease. Although research in the past few decades has shed light on their morphological and functional diversity, there is still much to be known about key aspects of their development such as the generation of glial diversity and the factors governing proper morphogenesis. Glia of the nematode c. elegans possess many developmental and morphological similarities with their vertebrate counterparts and can potentially be used as a model to understand certain aspects of glial biology owing to advantages such as its genetic tractability and fully mapped cell lineage. In this review, we summarize recent progress in our understanding of genetic pathways that regulate glial development in c. elegans and discuss how some of these findings may be conserved.
cladosporium sp. causes berry rot in grape. It is present in the vineyard throughout the berry developmental stage in dormant state. Since there is no recommended fungicide against cladosporium, there is a significant...
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cladosporium sp. causes berry rot in grape. It is present in the vineyard throughout the berry developmental stage in dormant state. Since there is no recommended fungicide against cladosporium, there is a significant concern about already available fungicides against different grape pathogens, the most effective time for application of these fungicides and their role in suppressing the growth of cladosporium. The present study is the first report of a fungitoxicity study of c. cladosporioides with all the labelled fungicide for grape pathogen. The molecular sequencing study confirmed the identity of the fungus used in the study as ***. Fungitoxicity results showed that 65% of the fungicides recommended for grape farming, ranged from very toxic to toxic and 35% of the fungicides were moderately toxic to compatible category against c. cladosporioides. Fungicides used in the later stage of flowering and just before fruiting are cyflufenamid 5% EW and Metrafenone 50% Sc. Sulphur 80 WP (L), cyflufenamid 5% EW and Metrafenone 50% Sc did not affect c. cladosporioides activated at this stage. The data obtained on fungitoxicity will assess the effectiveness of pesticide management program and to develop a new strategy for control of c. cladosporioides in vineyard and prevent its onset at a later stage.
Background chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (cOPD) is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and airway remodeling. cigarette smoke (cS) and respiratory viruses are major causes of c...
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Background chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (cOPD) is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and airway remodeling. cigarette smoke (cS) and respiratory viruses are major causes of cOPD development and exacerbation, but the mechanisms of these compounding factors on inflammation and pathological changes in airway structure still need further investigation. Purpose This work aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Poly I:c on pathological changes in cS-induced cOPD mice, such as airway inflammation and remodeling. Methods From 1 to 8 weeks, the mice were exposed to cS, Poly I:c, or a combination of both. To compare the pathological changes among different groups over time, the mice were sacrificed at week 4, 8, 16, and 24, then the lungs were harvested to measure pulmonary pathology, inflammatory cytokines, and airway remodeling. Results Our data revealed that the fundamental characteristics of cOPD, such as pulmonary pathological damage, the release of inflammatory mediators, and the remodeling of airway walls, were observed at week 8 in cS-exposed mice and these pathological changes persisted to week 16. compared with the cS group, the pathological changes, including decreased lung function, inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar destruction, and airway wall thickening, were weaker in the Poly I:c group. These pathological changes were observed at week 8 and persisted to week 16 in Poly I:c-induced mice. Furthermore, Poly I:c exacerbated lung tissue damage in cS-induced cOPD mice. The decreased lung function, airway inflammation and remodeling were observed in the combined group at week 4, and these pathological changes persisted to week 24. Our research indicated that Poly I:c enhanced the expression of p-P38, p-JNK and p-NF-kappa B in cS-exposed mice. conclusion Poly I:ccould promote airway inflammation and remodeling in cS-induced cOPD mice probably by NF-kappa B and MAPK signaling.
T. c. chao (1888-1979) was a leading chinese Protestant theologian renowned for his creative works of chinese theology. Although scholars have traced significant changes and shifts in chao's theology in the 1940s,...
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T. c. chao (1888-1979) was a leading chinese Protestant theologian renowned for his creative works of chinese theology. Although scholars have traced significant changes and shifts in chao's theology in the 1940s, a particular formal aspect of his mature thinking has not received the attention it deserves. chao began to emphasise and practise a particular form of chinese theology in the 1940s and early 1950s, namely, doctrinal or dogmatic theology. This paper traces the development of chao's dogmatic theology and examines one representative dogmatic locus in his thinking, the doctrine of the Trinity. It argues that chao's turn to dogmatics not only richly illuminates a crucial aspect of his mature life and thought, but also sheds light on the legacy of Andrew Walls, whose work highlights christianity's cross-cultural diffusion and the gospel's encounter with the cultural worlds it takes root within.
The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing carbon to nitrogen (c/N) ratios on water quality, growth performance, and body composition of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles. Shrimp with initial a...
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The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing carbon to nitrogen (c/N) ratios on water quality, growth performance, and body composition of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles. Shrimp with initial average weight of 2.50 +/- 0.3 g were cultivated for 35 days in 300-L tanks (160 L of water volume) with a density of 1 g per liter. The experiment was performed in five treatments with three replicates. One control group and four biofloc treatments with different c/N ratio were considered: c/N of 10 (cN10), 14 (cN14), 18 (cN18), and 22 (cN22). Shrimp were fed three times a day, and molasses just was added as a carbon sources to the biofloc treatments after each feeding. According to the results, the lowest amount of dissolved oxygen (5.33 mg L-1) and pH (7.83) was observed in cN22 treatment, which showed a significant difference with other treatments (P < 0.05). The highest level of total ammonia nitrogen (1.05 mg L-1) and nitrite (mg L-1) were recorded in control group, while the highest total density of heterotrophic bacteria was obtained in cN22 treatment. Growth performance parameters were at the highest level in the cN14 treatment, so the highest amount of final weight (6.88 g), biomass, and survival rate (94.79%) were observed in this treatment. The biochemical composition (protein, lipid, and ash) of the shrimp body and produced biofloc were affected by different c/N ratios, so these parameters were increased by rising of c/N ratio. In general, this study showed that the growth performance and body composition of Pacific white shrimp juveniles and water quality were suitable for rearing in biofloc system with c/N ratio of 14 than other treatments.
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