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A practical application-oriented model predictive control algorithm for direct expansion (DX) air-conditioning (A/c) systems that balances thermal comfort and energy consumption

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ENERGY 2023年第1期269卷

作者： Shao, Junqiang Huang, Zhiyuan chen, Yugui Li, Depeng Xu, Xiangguo Zhejiang Univ Inst Refrigerat & Cryogen Key Lab Refrigerat & Cryogen Technol Zhejiang Prov 38 Zheda Rd Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Ctr Balance Architecture 148 Tianmushan Rd Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Hisense Home Appliances Grp Co Ltd 8 Ronggang Rd Foshan 528303 Peoples R China

The large ownership of direct-expansion (DX) air-conditioning (A/c) systems in small and medium-sized buildings brings with it the need to reduce their energy consumption without damaging the thermal comfort of the occupants. Model predictive control (MPc) is an effective method to optimally control the operation of air-conditioners. However, most existing MPc methods require the investment of additional equipment and labor-intensive work, which greatly increases the cost of MPc and hinders its practical application. To solve the problem, this paper presents an economical and practical MPc algorithm for DX A/c systems, capable of achieving a balance between thermal comfort and energy saving. The proposed algorithm was experimentally validated on both an experimental DX A/c system and a market available split-type air-conditioner. Experi-mental results on the experimental DX A/c system show that temperature and humidity set-points selected at alpha = 1 saved 23.3% of energy consumption compared to those selected at alpha = 0, while keeping indoor thermal comfort within acceptable range. And results on the split-type air-conditioner demonstrate energy savings of up to more than 32% compared to the baseline and proved that the algorithm can be practically applied on market available D/X air-conditioners.

关键词： Model predictive control Energy saving Thermal comfort Air-conditioning Direct expansion DX A c

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Network analysis in aged c. elegans reveals candidate regulatory genes of ageing

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BIOGERONTOLOGY 2021年第3期22卷 345-367页

作者： Aktypi, Foteini Papaevgeniou, Nikoletta Voutetakis, Konstantinos chatziioannou, Aristotelis Grune, Tilman chondrogianni, Niki Natl Hellen Res Fdn Inst Chem Biol 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave Athens 11635 Greece Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena Inst Nutr Sci Nutrigen Sect D-07743 Jena Germany Univ Thessaly Dept Biochem & Biotechnol Viopolis Larissa 41500 Greece Acad Athens Biomed Res Fdn Ctr Syst Biol 4 Soranou Ephessiou St Athens 11527 Greece E NIOS Applicat PC 25 Alexandrou Pantou St Kallithea 17671 Greece German Inst Human Nutr Dept Mol Toxicol Nuthetal Germany

Ageing is a biological process guided by genetic and environmental factors that ultimately lead to adverse outcomes for organismal lifespan and healthspan. Determination of molecular pathways that are affected with age and increase disease susceptibility is crucial. The gene expression profile of the ideal ageing model, namely the nematode caenorhabditis elegans mapped with the microarray technology initially led to the identification of age-dependent gene expression alterations that characterize the nematode's ageing process. The list of differentially expressed genes was then utilized to construct a network of molecular interactions with their first neighbors/interactors using the interactions listed in the WormBase database. The subsequent network analysis resulted in the unbiased selection of 110 candidate genes, among which well-known ageing regulators appeared. More importantly, our approach revealed candidates that have never been linked to ageing before, thus suggesting promising potential targets/ageing regulators.

关键词： Ageing Network analysis c elegans Microarrays Gene expression regulation

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Retrogradely transmitted a-synuclein is taken up by the endophilin- independent endocytosis in the c. elegans neural circuit

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BIOcHEMIcAL AND BIOPHYSIcAL RESEARcH cOMMUNIcATIONS 2021年 552卷 176-182页

作者： Wang, Xuan Shinkai, Yoichi Doi, Motomichi Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Biomed Res Inst Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058566 Japan Univ Tsukuba Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

a-Synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis which are hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, and is known to propagate from cell-to-cell in a prion-like manner. However, the exact mechanism of a-synuclein propagation in cells remains unclear. Despite the increasing number of studies and models of a-synuclein propagation, there is no direct evidence demonstrating whether the propagation is trans-synaptic or synaptic connection-independent, what the direction of propagation is, and what the regulators of a-synuclein propagation are. In this study, we generated a caenorhabditis elegans model that can help monitoring the neuron-to-neuron propagation of a-synuclein using BiFc system. Using this model, we demonstrated that a-synuclein was propagated into neurons in both anterograde and retrograde manners, with retrograde propagation being dominant. Interestingly, we also found that endophilin, which is a protein required for classical clathrin-mediated endocytic machinery, was not involved in this retrograde propagation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a-synuclein inhibits neuronal activity through voltage-gated calcium channels. Our findings suggest a possible mechanism for a-synuclein propagation via synapses through a novel uptake pathway.

关键词： a-synuclein Retrograde transmission Endocytosis c elegans

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Effects of salinity on early activities of artificial hybridization between crassostrea ariakensis and c. gigas

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AQUAcULTURE RESEARcH 2021年第6期52卷 2540-2549页

作者： Li, Haikun Yu, Ruihai Li, chunhua Ma, Peizhen Ocean Univ China Key Lab Mariculture Minist Educ Qingdao 266003 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Qingdao Peoples R China

The hybridization experiments have been made between crassostrea ariakensis and c. gigas several times. However, it is difficult to obtain a large number of hybrid offspring, which becomes the bottleneck of subsequent cross-breeding. To explore whether the production of hybrid larvae is affected by salinity, we investigated the effects of salinity (16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 psu) on the early activities of artificial hybridization between c. ariakensis and c. gigas at 23-24 degrees c. In this study, the results showed that during artificial insemination, the appropriate salinity of high-quality gametes in c. ariakensis and c. gigas was 20-32 psu and 24-32 psu respectively. Besides, the fertilization rate of AG (c. ariakensis female x c. gigas male) and GA (c. gigas female x c. ariakensis male) at 24-28 psu was significantly (p < .05) higher than that at 16-20 psu. For incubation, the optimal salinity of embryo incubation was 28 psu, under which all embryos of AG and GA can develop rapidly to the D-larvae and yielded a high hatching rate. During larval rearing, the larval shell height and survival rate of AG were of no significant difference (p > .05) at all salinities, and the optimum salinity for larval growth and survival of GA was 24-28 psu. These findings can contribute to the increase in the hybrid progeny yield, which can serve as the new resource for genetic improvement of oyster germplasm.

关键词： c gigas crassostrea ariakensis early activities hybridization salinity

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Probing the activity origin of the enhanced methanol electrooxidation on Ni-induced PdNix(OH)y-TaN/c catalyst with nitrogen vacancies

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APPLIED cATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY 2023年 322卷

作者： Ye, Na Zhao, Pengcheng Qi, Xiaoying Zhang, Riguang Yan, Binhang Sheng, Wenchao Jiang, Zhao Fang, Tao Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Engn Res Ctr New Energy Syst Engn & Equipment Dept Chem Engn Shaanxi Key Lab Energy Chem Proc Intensificat Xian 710049 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Coll Environm Sci & Engn 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Taiyuan Univ Technol State Key Lab Clean & Efficient Coal Utilizat Taiyuan 030000 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Chem Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Engineering high-performance inexpensive TaN-modified Pd-based nanostructures for alkaline methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) has attracted extensive attention, yet the related enhancement mechanism of TaN for MOR remains lacked. The core-shell like Pd3Ni1-TaN/c catalyst decorated with Ni(OH)2/NiOOH that contains highly dispersed Ni sites and nitrogen defects has been fabricated for the first time. The unsaturated coordination environment and core-shell like morphology of Pd3Ni1-TaN/c bring fruitful active sites and a down-shifted Dband center, making it a highly-efficient electrocatalyst for alkaline MOR (17.3-fold that of commercial Pd/c). Besides the electronic effects and surface defect sites of Pd3Ni1-TaN/c, TaN also helps MOR proceed via HcOOad pathway (non-cO) accompanied by enhanced OH adsorption induced by the addition of Ni. DFT(Density Functional Theory) calculations also further confirm the energy barrier of the formation of HcOOad intermediate and desorption energy of cO on Pd3Ni1-TaN/c are reduced. The introduction of Ni species and nitrogen vacancies enhances the cO tolerance evidently.

关键词： PdNi-TaN c Methanol oxidation reaction In situ ATR-SEIRAS DFT Nitrogen vacancies

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Research on Damage characteristics of Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Grinding of a c/SIc composite Material

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SENSORS 2023年第1期23卷 224-224页

作者： Wang, Dongpo Liang, Qiushi Xu, Dong Beihang Univ Sch Mech Engn & Automat Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

c/Sic composites are the preferred materials for high temperature resistant (usually above 1500 degrees c) structural parts in aerospace, aviation, shipbuilding, and other industries. When this kind of material component is processed efficiently by grinding, the damage forms of fiber step brittle fracture and fiber pulling out are often produced on the machined surface/subsurface. The existence of these damage forms deteriorates the quality of the machine surface and may reduce the bending strength of materials to a certain extent. Therefore, it is very important to study the mechanism and the damage law of ordinary grinding and ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding and take reasonable measures to restrain the machining damage. In this paper, the typical damage forms of c/Sic composites during the end and side grinding are explored. The surface and subsurface damage degree of c/Sic composites during grinding and ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding were compared. The effects of different process parameters on material damage were compared and analyzed. The results show that the damage forms of ordinary grinding and ultrasonic grinding are basically the same. compared with ordinary grinding, ultrasonic-assisted grinding can reduce surface damage to a certain extent and subsurface damage significantly.

关键词： c Sic composite ultrasonic vibration grinding force

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Thermal-oxidation coupled analysis method for unidirectional fiber-reinforced c/Sic composites in air oxidizing environments below 1000 °c

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INTERNATIONAL cOMMUNIcATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2023年第1期143卷

作者： Zhao, chenwei Tu, Zecan Mao, Junkui Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Energy & Power Engn Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Aerosp Power Syst Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

The thermal analysis method for unidirectional fiber-reinforced c/Sic composites (c/Sic-UFRc) in air oxidizing environment below 1000 degrees c is developed, including a mathematical theoretical model and a finite element model. The mathematical model (MM) is established by combining the thermal resistance network method and the oxidation kinetics theory. The influence of oxidation characteristics on c/Sic-UFRc axial thermal conduc-tivity is firstly introduced into MM, which provides a reference for the theoretical calculation method of c/Sic-UFRc axial thermal conductivity under oxidation conditions. The finite element model (FEM) is constructed on the representative volume element (RVE) of c/Sic-UFRc and the numerical heat transfer method. The FEM numerically simulated the microstructure in the oxidation process and firstly be applied to study the effects of oxidation on the micro temperature field and heat transfer of c/Sic-UFRc. Through the mutual confirmation of MM and FEM, the prediction of thermal conductivity of cMc in air oxidation environment is verified. The effects of oxidation time, oxidation temperature and random distribution of initial cracks are investigated to reveal their influences on the heat transfer behavior of c/Sic-UFRc.

关键词： c Sic composites Oxidation Thermal conductivity Thermal model

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Health and longevity studies in c. elegans: the "healthy worm database" reveals strengths, weaknesses and gaps of test compound-based studies

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BIOGERONTOLOGY 2021年第2期22卷 215-236页

作者： Saul, Nadine Moeller, Steffen cirulli, Francesca Berry, Alessandra Luyten, Walter Fuellen, Georg Humboldt Univ Inst Biol Mol Genet Grp D-10115 Berlin Germany Rostock Univ Med Ctr Inst Biostat & Informat Med & Ageing Res D-18057 Rostock Germany Ist Super Sanita Ctr Behav Sci & Mental Hlth I-00161 Rome Italy Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Biol B-3000 Leuven Belgium

Several biogerontology databases exist that focus on genetic or gene expression data linked to health as well as survival, subsequent to compound treatments or genetic manipulations in animal models. However, none of these has yet collected experimental results of compound-related health changes. Since quality of life is often regarded as more valuable than length of life, we aim to fill this gap with the "Healthy Worm Database" (). Literature describing health-related compound studies in the aging model caenorhabditis elegans was screened, and data for 440 compounds collected. The database considers 189 publications describing 89 different phenotypes measured in 2995 different conditions. Besides enabling a targeted search for promising compounds for further investigations, this database also offers insights into the research field of studies on healthy aging based on a frequently used model organism. Some weaknesses of c. elegans-based aging studies, like underrepresented phenotypes, especially concerning cognitive functions, as well as the convenience-based use of young worms as the starting point for compound treatment or phenotype measurement are discussed. In conclusion, the database provides an anchor for the search for compounds affecting health, with a link to public databases, and it further highlights some potential shortcomings in current aging research.

关键词： Database c elegans Aging compounds Phenotypes Healthspan

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Oxidative Ablation Behavior of W-coated c/c composites Prepared by chemical Vapor Deposition with Heat Treatment

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ADVANcED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2023年第12期25卷 2201781-2201781页

作者： Zhou, Zhe Tao, chuangfang chen, Bin Liao, Huanyi Mao, Weiguo Sun, Zexu Fan, Xizhi Fan, Zheqiong cheng, Yuan Changsha Univ Sci & Technol Coll Mat Sci & Engn Changsha 410114 Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Sci & Technol Adv Ceram Fibers & Composites Lab Changsha 410073 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn 37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Adv Composites Special Harbin 150000 Peoples R China

To improve the ablation resistance of c/c composites, tungsten (W) coating is applied by chemical vapor deposition (cVD) technology on c/c composites. Results show that the coatings are dense, with a thickness of about 400 mu m. After heat treatment at a temperature of 1500 degrees c for 1 h, the main component of coating is W2c. Additionally, a dense Wc layer forms on the surface of pyrolytic carbon (Pyc). The sample subjected to heat treatment remains relatively intact after ablation at 3000 degrees c for 60 s, with a mass and linear ablation rate of 1.83 x 10(-5) g s(-1) and 3.03 x 10(-5) cm s(-1), respectively. The high-temperature stability of Wc formed on Pyc and the filling of fiber gaps to prevent oxygen penetration are the main reasons for the improved ablation resistance of W-coated c/c composites.

关键词： ablation properties c c composites chemical vapor deposition (cVD) heat treatment tungsten coating

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Microstructure and oxidation behavior of the Y/Ta/Hf co-doped AlcocrFeNi high-entropy alloys in air at 1100 °c

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cORROSION ScIENcE 2023年第1期212卷

作者： Hu, Junhao Gu, cang Li, Jianyu Li, chao Feng, Jing Jiang, Yehua Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Fac Mat Sci & Engn Kunming 650093 Peoples R China Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Natl Local Joint Engn Lab Technol Adv Met Solidifi Kunming 650093 Peoples R China

The grain morphology and oxidation behavior of the Y/Ta/Hf co-doped AlcocrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) were investigated in air at 1100 degrees c. The Y/Ta/Hf co-doped significantly improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy. Hf doped AlcocrFeNiYTa HEA presents the larger grain sizes of Al2O3, which effectively reduces the inward diffusion of O along the grain boundaries. In addition, Y/Ta/Hf co-doped AlcocrFeNi HEA accelerates the transformation metastable Al2O3 to alpha-Al2O3. The oxide pegs formed at the oxide/substrate interface have a positive effect on improving the adhesion of the oxide scale, and Ta increased the probability of oxide peg formation.

关键词： A High-entropy alloy B EPMA TEM c Oxidation High temperature

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