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Performance and microbial characterization of aerobic granular sludge in a sequencing batch reactor performing simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal with varying c/N ratios

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BIOPROcESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2020年第4期43卷 663-672页

作者： Zhou, Jun Sun, Qianyu Nanjing Tech Univ Coll Urban Construct Nanjing 211800 Peoples R China

The mechanism and effect of c/N ratios on the aerobic granules simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal (SNDPR) system are still unclear. The reactor performance and microbial community dynamics of the system were investigated under variable c/N ratios (20, 10 and 5). The cOD, TP and NH4+-N removal remained unaffected with variable c/N ratios. The decreased c/N ratio of five strongly influenced the nitrogen removal. Further investigations revealed that candidatus_Accumulibacter, Acinetobacter, candidatus_competibacter were the predominant genera. classification of key groups involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal indicated the lowest c/N ratio resulting in a large microbial community shift. This study might contribute to the application of SNDPR system for the treatment of wastewater. Different c/N ratios led to shift on the microbial community and the dominant was phosphorus-accumulating bacteria. The nitrogen removal efficiency decreased while the removal of cOD, TP and NH4+-N remained remarkable with the decreased c/N ratios.

关键词： Aerobic granular sludge c N ratio Functional species Microbial community analysis SNDPR

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Modeling Temperature-Dependent Vibration Damping in c/Sic Fiber-Reinforced ceramic-Matrix composites

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MATERIALS 2020年第7期13卷 1633页

作者： Li, Longbiao Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Civil Aviat 29 Yudao St Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

In this paper, the temperature-dependent vibration damping in c/Sic fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites (cMcs) with different fiber preforms under different vibration frequencies is investigated. A micromechanical temperature-dependent vibration damping model is developed to establish the relationship between composite damping, material properties, internal damage mechanisms, and temperature. The effects of fiber volume, matrix crack spacing, and interface properties on temperature-dependent composite vibration damping of cMcs and interface damage are analyzed. The experimental temperature-dependent composite damping of 2D and 3D c/Sic composites is predicted for different loading frequencies. The damping of the c/Sic composite increases with temperature to the peak value and then decreases with temperature. When the vibration frequency increases from f = 1 to 10 Hz, the peak value of composite damping and corresponding temperature both decrease due to the decrease of interface debonding and slip range, and the damping of 2D c/Sic is much higher than that of 3D c/Sic at temperature range from room temperature to 400 degrees c. When the fiber volume and interface debonding energy increase, the peak value of composite damping and the corresponding temperature decreases, mainly attributed to the decrease of interface debonding and slip range.

关键词： ceramic-matrix composites (cMcs) c Sic damping temperature-dependent matrix cracking interface debonding

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Obtaining c2 and c3 Products from Methane Using Pd/c as Anode in a Solid Fuel cell-type Electrolyte Reactor

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cHEMcATcHEM 2020年第18期12卷 4517-4521页

作者： Ramos, Andrezza S. Santos, Monique carolina L. Godoi, camila M. Oliveira Neto, Almir Fernando B. De Souza, Rodrigo IPEN CNEN SP Inst Pesquisas Energet & Nucl Ctr Celula Combustivel & Hidrogenio Ave Prof Lineu Prestes2242 Cidade Univ BR-05508000 Sao Paulo SP Brazil

Methane was converted into c2 and c3 products under mild conditions using a single stage solid electrolyte reactor, using a proton exchange membrane fuel cell as a SER-Fc and Pd/c as an electrocatalyst prepared by the reduction method of sodium borohydride. This electrocatalyst has a cubic pattern of palladium centered on the face and an average size of nanoparticles close to 6.4 nm, according to the literature. Differential mass spectrometry reveals the chemical profile of species obtained from the oxidation of methane with ionic currents (Ii) at m/z=16, 28, 30, 32, 44, 46 and 60. In many cases, Ii can be assigned to more than one species;therefore, complementary ATR-FTIR experiments were performed. The ATR-FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of c2 and c3 compounds such as ethane, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid and propane. considering the low amount of water in the reaction medium, these results may be associated with the use of Pd/c electrocatalysts responsible for the activation of the water molecule.

关键词： OcM reaction methane oxidation Pd c Natural gas to products

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Space Diversity Mitigation Effects on Ionospheric Amplitude Scintillation With Basis on the Analysis of c/NOFS Planar Langmuir Probe Data

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RADIO ScIENcE 2020年第12期55卷 1-11页

作者： costa, Emanoel Roddy, Patrick A. Ballenthin, John O. Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro PUC Rio Ctr Estudos Telecomunicacoes CETUC Rio De Janeiro Brazil Air Force Res Lab Space Vehicles Directorate Kirtland Air Force Base NM USA

The present contribution applies a modified version of a well-known weak-scatter scintillation model to the propagation paths between an Earth station and two geostationary satellites, as they are affected by drifting ionospheric irregularities detected by the planar Langmuir probe onboard the communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (c/NOFS) satellite. This study considers one year of data from a limited altitude range, two longitude sectors and frequencies to analyze the mitigation effects from the angular distance between the geostationary satellites on the space diversity gain, considering the statistical distributions of the amplitude scintillation index S-4. The results indicate that the space diversity gain increases with the angular distance between geostationary satellites. However, once the angular distance between the geostationary satellites reaches a certain limit (approximately 20 degrees), the space diversity gain no longer increases. Additionally, these gains are high at the L1 frequency and less impressive at an Ultra High Frequency (UHF). It is shown that these observations are consistent with the South American and Indian-Asian equatorial and low-latitude ionospheric environments, also characterized through the same data and the scintillation formulation.

关键词： ionospheric scintillation space diversity c NOFS PLP

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clog: A Declarative Language for c Static code checkers 2024

Clog: A Declarative Language for C Static Code Checkers

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33rd AcM SIGPLAN International conference on compiler construction (cc)

作者： Dura, Alexandru Reichenbach, christoph Lund Univ Lund Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705076

We present clog, a declarative language for describing static code checkers for c. Unlike other extensible state-of-the-art checker frameworks, clog enables powerful interprocedural checkers without exposing the underlying program representation: clog checkers consist of Datalog-style recursive rules that access the program under analysis via syntactic pattern matching and control flow edges only. We have implemented clog on top of clang, using a custom Datalog evaluation strategy that piggy-backs on clang's AST matching facilities while working around clang's limitations to achieve our design goal of representation independence. Our experiments demonstrate that clog can concisely express a wide variety of checkers for different security vulnerabilities, with performance that is similar to clang's own analyses and highly competitive on real-world programs.

关键词： Datalog c Syntactic Patterns Static Analysis Frameworks

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Biomass carbon-modified coZn/c as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitors

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IONIcS 2020年第10期26卷 5179-5188页

作者： Zhang, chunyong Huang, Linna Zhao, Yuyue Su, Lei Li, Jianning Qin, Hengfei Jiangsu Univ Technol Jiangsu Key Lab Precious Met Chem & Technol Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In this study, biomass carbon-modified coZn-ZIF-8 was firstly fabricated through a hybridization approach. The coZn/c was prepared by directly carbonizing a coZn-ZIF-8/c at the designed temperature and investigated by multiple techniques including XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM analyses. After carbonization, coZn/c shows a high capacitance of 757.8 F/g at 5 mV/s, which is an outstanding characteristic compared with that of recently reported supercapacitor. As a consequence, the improved electrochemical performance of coZn/c attributed to the biomass carbon can significantly enhance the mass transport channels of electron-hole pairs. Remarkably, the composite shows excellent capacitive performances originating from the abundant reservoir for the charge storage derived from ZIF-derived porous and electroactive species exposure as well as high ion diffusion rate. coZn/c can be regarded as a promising material for practical supercapacitor, and this work also provides a valuable reference for the preparation and application of high-performance electrode materials which greatly promote the supercapacitor development.

关键词： Biomass carbon Supercapacitor coZn c Hybridization

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Differential expression of genes in c. elegans reveals transcriptional responses to indirect-acting xenobiotic compounds and insensitivity to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin

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EcOTOXIcOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022年 233卷 113344-113344页

作者： Karengera, Antoine Sterken, Mark G. Kammenga, Jan E. Riksen, Joost A. G. Dinkla, Inez J. T. Murk, Albertinka J. Wageningen Univ Dept Anim Sci Marine Anim Ecol Grp De Elst 1 NL-6708 WD Wageningen Netherlands Wetsus European Ctr Excellence Sustainable Water Technol Oostergoweg 9 NL-8911 MA Leeuwarden Netherlands Wageningen Univ Plant Sci Lab Nematol Droevendaalsesteeg 1 NL-6708 PB Wageningen Netherlands

caenorhabditis elegans is a well-established model organism for toxicity testing of chemical substances. We recently demonstrated its potential for bioanalysis of the toxic potency of chemical contaminants in water. While many detoxification genes are homologues to those in mammalians, c. elegans is reported to be deficient in cytochrome cYP1-like P450 metabolism and that its aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) homolog encoded by ahr-1 purportedly does not interact with dioxins or any other known xenobiotic ligand. This suggests that c. elegans is insensitive for compounds that require bioactivation (indirectly acting compounds) and for dioxins or dioxin-like compounds. This study analysed genome-wide gene expression of the nematode in response to 30 mu M of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), Aroclor 1254 (PcB1254), and 10 mu M of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TcDD). After 24 h of exposure in the early L4 larval stage, microarray analysis revealed 182, 86, and 321 differentially expressed genes in the nematodes treated with 30 mu M of AFB1, B(a)P, and PcB1254, respectively. Among these genes, many encode xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and their transcription levels were among the highest-ranked fold-changed genes. Interestingly, only one gene (F59B1.8) was upregulated in the nematodes exposed to 10 mu M TcDD. Genes related to metabolic processes and catalytic activity were the most induced by exposure to 30 mu M of AFB1, B(a)P, and PcB1254. Despite the genotoxic nature of AFB1 and B(a)P, no differential expression was found in the genes encoding DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint proteins. Analysis of con-centration-response curves was performed to determine the Lowest Observed Transcriptomic Effect Levels (LOTEL) of AFB1, B(a)P, and PcB1254. The obtained LOTEL values showed that gene expression changes in c. elegans are more sensitive to toxicants than reproductive effects. Overall, transcriptional responses of meta-bolic enzymes suggest that the nema

关键词： c elegans Gene expression Indirect-acting compounds Biotransformation Dioxin Genotoxic compounds

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Insight into cations substitution on structural and electrochemical properties of nanostructured Li2FeSiO4/c cathodes

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERIcAN cERAMIc SOcIETY 2020年第3期103卷 1685-1697页

作者： Sivaraj, Pazhaniswamy Abhilash, Karuthedath Parameswaran Nalini, Balakrishnan Selvin, Paneerselvam christopher Goel, Sunkulp Yadav, Sudheer Kumar Bharathiar Univ Dept Phys Solid State Ion & Luminescence Lab Coimbatore 641046 Tamil Nadu India NGM Coll Dept Phys Mat Res Ctr Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Herbert Gleiter Inst Nanosci Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Avinashilingam Inst Home Sci & Higher Educ Women Dept Phys Coimbatore 641043 Tamil Nadu India

Structural instability is the major obstacle in the Li2FeSiO4/c cathode during charge and discharge process, which can be improved by the substitution of cations in the host cage. In this study, the transition metal ions with different valence (Ag1+, Zn2+, cr3+, and Ti4+) have been substituted in Li2FeSiO4/c via modified sol-gel method and the impact on the structural, electrical, and electrochemical performances has been systematically explored. The Rietveld-refined XRD pattern and HR-TEM (SAED) result reveal that all the prepared samples maintain orthorhombic structure (S.G- Pmn2(1)). The FE-SEM and TEM micrographs of bare and doped Li2FeSiO4/c display nanoparticle formation with 20-40 nm size. Among different cation-substituted silicates, Li2Fe0.9Ti0.1SiO4/c sample exhibits an excellent total conductivity of 1.20 x 10(-4) S cm(-1) which is one order of magnitude higher than the bare Li2FeSiO4/c sample. The galvanostatic charge-discharge curves and cyclic voltammetric analysis reveal that the Li2Fe0.9Ti0.1SiO4/c material provides an excellent initial specific capacity of 242 mAh g(-1) and maintains a capacity of 226 mAh g(-1) after 50 cycles with capacity retention of 93.38%. The Ti doping is a promising strategy to overcome the capacity fading issues, by preventing the structural collapse during Li-ion intercalation/de-intercalation processes in the Li2FeSiO4/c electrode through the strong hybridization between the 3d and 4s orbitals in titanium and 2p orbital in oxygen.

关键词： doping electrochemical performance Li2FeSiO4 c lithium ion batteries nano cathode

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Effect of FeSO4 purity on low temperature performance of LiFePO4/c

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IONIcS 2020年第9期26卷 4433-4442页

作者： Wang, Xiaoyan Wen, Lizhi Zheng, Yi Ren, Xin Li, Yongsheng Liang, Guangchuan Hebei Univ Technol Inst Power Source & Ecomat Sci Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China North China Univ Sci & Technol Qinggong Coll Tangshan 063000 Peoples R China Tianjin Sino German Univ Appl Sci Automobile & Rail Transportat Sch Tianjin 300350 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Minist Educ Key Lab Special Funct Mat Ecol Environm & Informa Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Key Lab New Type Funct Mat Hebei Prov Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China

LiFePO4/c was prepared by employing coprecipitation method and carbothermal reduction method using FeSO4 with different purity as the iron source. The purity of FeSO4 has a great influence on the morphology of FePO4, but has little effect on the morphology of LiFePO4/c. The cycling performance decreases with the decrease of purity, and purity has a significant effect on the specific discharge capacities at low temperature. The specific discharge capacities of the five samples at - 20 degrees c and 0.5 c were 85.3, 74.2, 65.5, 60.4, and 50.1 mAh g(-1), and the capacity retention rates were 53.3%, 47.1%, 42.9%, 38.7%, and 31.9%, respectively. Full battery low temperature performance test results validate the test results of coin cell. The Li+ diffusion coefficients are 4.53 x 10(-13), 2.02x 10(-13), 4.73 x 10(-14), 2.34x 10(-14), and 8.56 x 10(-15) cm(2) s(-1), respectively. D-Li(+) is reduced two orders of magnitude with reduction of raw material purity. This is mainly because the low-purity FeSO4 contains a large amount of Ti, which enters the LiFePO4/c crystal lattice, causing the lattice distortion to block the lithium ion diffusion channel. Therefore, improving the purity of raw materials is an important method to improve the low temperature performance of LiFePO4/c.

关键词： FeSO4 LiFePO4 c Purity Low temperature performance

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Functions of the tubulin code in the c. elegans nervous system

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MOLEcULAR AND cELLULAR NEUROScIENcE 2022年 123卷 103790页

作者： O'Hagan, Robert Avrutis, Alexandra Ramicevic, Ema Montclair State Univ Biol Dept Montclair NJ 07043 USA

Due to their elongated and polarized morphology, neurons rely on the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton for their shape, as well as for efficient intracellular transport that maintains neuronal function, survival, and connectivity. Although all MTs are constructed from alpha-and ll-tubulins that are highly conserved throughout eukaryotes, different MT networks within neurons exhibit different dynamics and functions. For example, molecular motors must be able to differentially recognize the axonal and dendritic MTs to deliver appropriate cargos to sensory endings and synaptic regions. The Tubulin code hypothesis proposes that MTs can be specialized in form and function by chemical differences in their composition by inclusion of different alpha-and ll-tubulins into the MT lattice, as well as differences in post-translational enzymatic modifications. The chemical differences encode information that allow MTs to regulate interactions with various microtubule-based molecular motors such as kinesins and dyneins as well as with structural microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), which can, in turn, modify the function or stability of ***, we review studies involving c. elegans, a model organism with a relatively simple nervous system that is amenable to genetic analysis, that have contributed to our understanding of how the Tubulin code can specialize neuronal MT networks to establish differences in neuronal morphology and function. Such studies have revealed molecules and mechanisms that are conserved in vertebrates and have the potential to inform our understanding of neurological diseases involving defects in the cytoskeleton and intracellular transport.

关键词： Microtubule Tubulin cytoskeleton Tubulin code Neuron Genetics c elegans Glutamylation Acetylation Intracellular transport cilia Axoneme Molecular motors Extracellular vesicles Neuroregeneration

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