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铁道车辆 2025年

作者：姚海徐世锋禹海燕周国东张钊中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司大连研发中心

自2020年10月起，经第3次段修的c80E型敞车在龙马、红旗渠等THDS探测站频繁出现轴承内探温升预报。经深入研究分析，发现c80E型通用敞车轮径变小，致使车轮热容量降低，在经过瓦日线蒲县站到龙马站12‰的长大下坡道连续制动后，车轮温... 详细信息

自2020年10月起，经第3次段修的c80E型敞车在龙马、红旗渠等THDS探测站频繁出现轴承内探温升预报。经深入研究分析，发现c80E型通用敞车轮径变小，致使车轮热容量降低，在经过瓦日线蒲县站到龙马站12‰的长大下坡道连续制动后，车轮温升显著；同时，轮径变小使得c80E型通用敞车固定杠杆与支点相对位置改变，易造成制动状态下基础制动装置受力不均，进而引发闸瓦受力不均，导致个别车轮温度进一步攀升。当车辆第3次段修后换装新造轴承，因其在使用初期运转热较高，多种因素综合作用引发了THDS热轴预报。针对制动系统制定了优化升级方案，通过改进闸瓦压力均匀性以及提升车轮散热性能，大幅降低了轮温峰值。2021年3月，76辆c80E型敞车完成了制动系统改造并投入瓦日线运用考验。试验数据表明，优化后的试验列车轮温超过300℃的占比为0～2.25%，远低于未优化列车的占比（0.77%～8.05%），验证了优化方案的有效性。2024年9月，依据机辆货检函[2024]116号《关于既有c80E系列敞车制动系统改造有关事宜的通知》，对所有c80E型车辆开展了优化提升改造。

关键词： c 型敞车制动系统热轴优化升级轮温 THDS探测

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Efficient Detection of Test Interference in c Projects 24

Efficient Detection of Test Interference in C Projects

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39th AcM/IEEE International conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)

作者： Eder, Florian Winter, Stefan Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Munich Germany Ulm Univ Ulm Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798400712487

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712487

During test execution, automated software tests can interfere, i.e., their results can deviate depending on their (possibly interleaved) execution order. Such interference imposes severe restrictions on regression testing, when execution order is not or cannot be controlled for, as they can lead to non-deterministic deviations of test results giving false indication of regressions in the code base. While the phenomenon has been extensively studied for Java and Python projects, it remains unclear if or how the obtained results apply for other languages with different testing practices. Our study contributes to filling that gap by reporting results from a large-scale study on test interference in 134 c projects. To cope with the combinatorial explosion of test execution counts when testing with all possible test orders, we propose and evaluate four novel dynamic reduction strategies for test permutations, which yield massive reductions in the number of test sequences to execute. As these strategies are specific to the resources that tests interfere on, rather than the language in which the code is written, we expect them to be useful for the study of test interference in other languages beyond c. Based on the results obtained with these reductions, our results indicate that test order dependencies are far less common in c projects, compared to Java or Python, and that other aspects (concurrency, cPU time) more frequently threaten test result stability.

关键词： Test interference flaky tests c

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clinical relevance of increased serum preneoplastic antigen in hepatitis c-related hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第13期26卷 1463-1473页

作者： Satoyoshi Yamashita Akira Kato Toshitaka Akatsuka Takashi Sawada Tomohide Asai Noriyuki Koyama Kiwamu Okita Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Japan Community Health Care Organization Shimonoseki Medical CenterShimonosekiYamaguchi 7500061Japan Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineSaitama Medical UniversityIruma-gunSaitama 3500495Japan Research and Development Division Sekisui Medical Company LimitedRyugasakiIbaraki 3010852Japan Clinical Research Department Eidia Company LimitedChiyoda-kuTokyo 1010032Japan Eisai Company Limited Shinjuku-kuTokyo 1600812Japan Department of Internal Medicine Shunan Memorial HospitalKudamatsuYamaguchi 7440033Japan

BAcKGROUND The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)patients remains poor despite advances in treatment modalities and *** is important to identify useful markers for the early detection of Hcc in *** antigen(PNA),originally reported in a rat carcinogenesis model,is increased in the tissues and serum of Hcc *** To determine the diagnostic value of PNA for discriminating Hcc and to characterize PNA-positive *** Patients with hepatitis c virus(HcV)-related hepatic disorders were prospectively enrolled in this study,which included patients with hepatitis,with cirrhosis,and with Hcc.A novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure serum PNA concentrations in *** Serum PNA concentrations were measured in 89 controls and 141 patients with HcV infections(50 hepatitis,44 cirrhosis,and 47 Hcc).compared with control and non-Hcc patients,PNA was increased in *** receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,the sensitivity of PNA was similar to the Hcc markers des-γ-carboxy-prothrombin(DcP)andα-fetoprotein(AFP),but the specificity of PNA was *** was no correlation between PNA and AFP and a significant but weak correlation between PNA and DcP in Hcc ***,the correlations with biochemical markers were completely different for PNA,AFP,and DcP;glutamyl transpeptidase was highly correlated with PNA,but not with AFP or DcP,and was significantly higher in PNA-high patients than in PNA-low patients with HcV-related *** PNA may have the potential to diagnose a novel type of Hcc in which glutamyl transpeptidase is positively expressed but AFP or DcP is weakly or negatively expressed.

关键词： Serum preneoplastic antigen Hepatitis c virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Des-γ-carboxy-prothrombin α-Fetoprotein Sensitivity Specificity

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ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (c/EBPβ) knockdown reduces inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis, and promotes autophagy in oxLDL-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells

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MOLEcULAR AND cELLULAR BIOcHEMISTRY 2020年第1-2期463卷 211-223页

作者： Zahid, Md Khurshidul Rogowski, Michael Ponce, christopher choudhury, Mahua Moustaid-Moussa, Naima Rahman, Shaikh M. Texas Tech Univ Dept Nutr Sci Lubbock TX 79409 USA Texas Tech Univ Obes Res Inst Lubbock TX 79409 USA Texas Tech Univ Dept Math Lubbock TX 79409 USA Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr Irma Lerma Rangel Coll Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Sci Kingsville TX 78363 USA

Atherosclerosis is associated with deregulated cholesterol metabolism and formation of macrophage foam cells. ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (c/EBP beta) is a transcription factor, and its inhibition has recently been shown to prevent atherosclerosis development and foam cell formation. However, whether c/EBP beta regulates inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis, in macrophage foam cells and its underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of c/EBP beta knockdown on proteins and genes implicated in inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and autophagy in macrophage foam cells. RAW264.7 macrophage cells were transfected with control and c/EBP beta-siRNA and then treated with nLDL and oxLDL. Key proteins and genes involved in inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and autophagy were analyzed by western blot and qPcR. We found that short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of c/EBP beta attenuated atherogenic lipid-mediated induction of proteins and genes implicated in inflammation (P-NFkB-p65, NFkB-p65, and TNF alpha), ER stress (ATF4 and ATF6), and apoptosis (cHOP, caspase 1, 3, and 12). Interestingly, c/EBP beta knockdown upregulated the expression of autophagy proteins (Lc3A/B-II, ATG5) and genes (Lc3B, ATG5) but decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein phosphorylation and mTORc1 gene expression in oxLDL-loaded RAW264.7 macrophage cells. More importantly, treatment with rapamycin (inhibitor of mTOR) increased expression of proteins implicated in autophagy and cholesterol efflux in oxLDL-loaded RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The present results suggest that c/EBP beta inactivation regulates macrophage foam cell formation in atherogenesis by reducing inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis and by promoting autophagy and inactivating mTOR.

关键词： c EBP beta Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) Apoptosis Autophagy Macrophage foam cells

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c-Fos separation from Lamin A/c by GDF15 promotes colon cancer invasion and metastasis in inflammatory microenvironment

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JOURNAL OF cELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2020年第5期235卷 4407-4421页

作者： Ding, Youxiang Hao, Kun Li, Zhaohe Ma, Rong Zhou, You Zhou, Zhou Wei, Mian Liao, Yan Dai, Yao Yang, Yue Zhang, Xiaobo Zhao, Li China Pharmaceut Univ State Key Lab Nat Med Jiangsu Key Lab Carcinogenesis & Intervent Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu Peoples R China China Pharmaceut Univ Key Lab Drug Metab & Pharmacokinet Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Anesthesiol Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Univ Florida Dept Radiat Oncol Gainesville FL USA

Inflammatory microenvironment is an important factor for promoting cancer invasion and metastasis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we mimicked an inflammatory microenvironment both in vitro and in vivo and investigated its effects on the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer. Moreover, colon cancer patient samples were also analyzed statistically. conditioned medium from the differentiated macrophages induced invasion and migration of colon cancer cells in vitro, which could be reversed by the treatment of a neutralizing anti-growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) antibody, indicating GDF15 involvement in inflammation-induced invasiveness. Also, we observed similar effects of human recombinant GDF15 on colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, GDF15 activated c-Fos by separating it from Lamin A/c, increasing transcriptional activity of c-Fos and regulating EMT gene expressions. However, c-Fos knockdown using lentivirus shRNA plasmid inhibited GDF15-triggered invasion and migration in vitro. In vivo, inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharides obviously increased GDF15 secretion, and c-Fos knockdown reduced the lung metastasis of colon cancer cells in mice model. In addition, c-Fos expressions in patient samples were found to be associated with colon cancer metastasis and TNM stages. Taken together, GDF15 in inflammatory microenvironment induces colon cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating EMT genes by activating c-Fos, which might be a potential therapeutic target for metastatic colon cancer.

关键词： EMT Erk1 2 Lamin A c c-Fos signaling axis macrophages-derived cytokine

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Manufacture and test of c/c-Sic sandwich structures

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cEAS SPAcE JOURNAL 2020年第1期12卷 73-84页

作者： Heidenreich, Bernhard Bamsey, Nathan Shi, Yuan Such-Taboada, Miguel Koch, Dietmar DLR Inst Struct & Design D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Estec Keplerlaan 1 NL-2200 AG Noordwijk Netherlands

Sandwich structures based on c/c-Sic composites (carbon fibre-reinforced carbon with silicon carbide matrix), manufactured using the liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) process and an in situ joining method, offer high specific stiffness and strength, low thermal expansion, high environmental stability, and temperature resistance. Potential application areas are thermal protection systems (TPS) for spacecraft, optical benches in satellites, and hot structures in aerospace. In this work, c/c-Sic sandwich parts of two different geometries, small sandwich samples and large sandwich structures, were manufactured and tested. carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (cFRP) plates for the skin panels as well as for the cores were made via warm pressing of prepregs based on a 2D carbon (c) fibre fabric, preimpregnated with phenolic resin. After pyrolysis, carbon fibre-reinforced carbon (c/c) core structures were built up and joined to c/c skin panels. Finally, the resulting c/c sandwich preforms were infiltrated with molten silicon (Si), building up a silicon carbide (Sic) matrix. The resulting c/c-Sic sandwich parts were tested in four-point and three-point bending. The applied forces and the correspondent displacements and strain of the skin panels were determined. The bending and shear stiffness as well as bending moment were evaluated through analytical and finite-element (FE) simulation approaches. Furthermore, failure modes of the sandwich samples were analysed. Sandwich stiffness and ultimate bending moment obtained in the bending tests were close to the expected theoretical values, calculated on the basis of the material properties and the sandwich geometry.

关键词： Sandwich structures ceramic matrix composites cMc c c-Sic Liquid sililon infiltration In situ joining

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c. elegansaversive olfactory learning generates diverse intergenerational effects

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JOURNAL OF NEUROGENETIcS 2020年第3-4期34卷 378-388页

作者： Pereira, Ana Goncalves Gracida, Xicotencatl Kagias, Konstantinos Zhang, Yun Harvard Univ Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol Ctr Brain Sci Cambridge MA 02138 USA Broad Inst MIT & Harvard Cambridge MA 02142 USA

Parental experience can modulate the behavior of their progeny. While the molecular mechanisms underlying parental effects or inheritance of behavioral traits have been studied under several environmental conditions, it remains largely unexplored how the nature of parental experience affects the information transferred to the next generation. To address this question, we usedc. elegans, a nematode that feeds on bacteria in its habitat. Some of these bacteria are pathogenic and the worm learns to avoid them after a brief exposure. We found, unexpectedly, that a short parental experience increased the preference for the pathogen in the progeny. Furthermore, increasing the duration of parental exposure switched the response of the progeny from attraction to avoidance. To characterize the underlying molecular mechanisms, we found that the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP) RRF-3, required for the biogenesis of 26 G endo-siRNAs, regulated both types of intergenerational effects. Together, we show that different parental experiences with the same environmental stimulus generate different effects on the behavior of the progeny through small RNA-mediated regulation of gene expression.

关键词： Intergeneration epigenetics learning olfaction c elegans

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A c Subset for Ergonomic Source-to-Source Analyses and Transformations 24

A C Subset for Ergonomic Source-to-Source Analyses and Trans...

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Rapido Workshop on Rapid Simulation and Performance Evaluation - Methods and Tools (Rapido) / HiPEAc conference

作者： Matos, Joao N. Bispo, Joao Sousa, Luis Miguel Univ Porto Porto Portugal Univ Porto INESC TEC Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717918

Modern compiled software, written in languages such as c, relies on complex compiler infrastructure. However, developing new transformations and improving existing ones can be challenging for researchers and engineers. Often, transformations must be implemented bymodifying the compiler itself, which may not be feasible, for technical or legal reasons. Source-to-source compilers make it possible to directly analyse and transform the original source, making transformations portable across different compilers, and allowing rapid research and prototyping of code transformations. However, this approach has the drawback of exposing the researcher to the full breadth of the source language, which is often more extensive and complex than the IRs used in traditional compilers. In this work, we propose a solution to tame the complexity of the source language and make source-to-source compilers an ergonomic platform for program analysis and transformation. We define a simpler subset of the c language that can implement the same programs with fewer constructs and implement a set of sourceto-source transformations that automatically normalise the input source code into equivalent programs expressed in the proposed subset. Finally, we implement a function inlining transformation that targets the subset as a case study. We show that for this case study, the assumptions afforded by using a simpler language subset greatly improves the number of cases the transformation can be applied, increasing the average success rate from 37%, before normalisation, to 97%, after normalisation. We also evaluate the performance of several benchmarks after applying a naive inlining algorithm, and obtained a 12% performance improvement in certain applications, after compiling with the flag O2, both in clang and Gcc, suggesting there is room for exploring source-level transformations as a complement to traditional compilers.

关键词： compilers Source-to-source Meta-programming c

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c:N:P stoichiometries explain soil organic carbon accumulation during afforestation

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NUTRIENT cYcLING IN AGROEcOSYSTEMS 2020年第2期117卷 243-259页

作者： Zhong, Zekun Zhang, Xinyi Wang, Xing Dai, Yinyue chen, Zhengxing Han, Xinhui Yang, Gaihe Ren, chengjie Wang, Xiaojiao Northwest A&F Univ Coll Agron Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China Shaanxi Engn Res Ctr Circular Agr Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China

carbon accumulation in agroecosystems is regulated to a major extent by the variability of c:N:P stoichiometry. To understand the impact of c:N:P ratios and the cycling of limiting nutrients in the leaf-litter-aggregate continuum on soil c sequestration following afforesxtation, we assessed the contribution of aggregate-associated organic carbon (Oc) to bulk soil Oc accumulation, and examined the c, N, and P concentrations in leaves, litter, aggregates, and their stoichiometric couplings along an afforestation chronosequence. Averaged across the entire chronosequence, bulk soil Oc stocks increased at the rate of 12.3 g m(-2) year(-1) at the 0-0.4-m depth, and significantly correlated with macroaggregates-associated Oc stocks which increased on average by 114.5% with increasing stand age at soil depth of 0.4 m. Moreover, the c:P and N:P ratios of litter decreased by 19.7-33.0% and 7.6-26.8%, respectively, with increasing stand age, and were significantly associated with aggregate-associated c:P and N:P ratios. Both c:P and N:P ratios in microaggregates and clay-plus-silt fractions were, respectively, 18.0%, 13.3%, and 23.0%, 19.7% lower than those in macroaggregates, indicating a higher P availability in fine fractions. Macroaggregate-associated c:P and N:P ratios increased by 29.5 and 26.3%, respectively, at the 0-0.4-m depth with plantation age and were linked to the increased macroaggregate-associated Oc stocks. collectively, our results suggest that c:P and N:P ratios are good indicators of P cycling in ecosystem, and that P status under the control of aggregates may be an important factor for the sustainable accumulation of Oc during afforestation.

关键词： c N P stoichiometry Soil aggregation Phosphorus limitation carbon sequestration Afforestation chronosequence Loess plateau china

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LINc00667 promotes Wilms' tumor metastasis and stemness by sponging miR-200b/c/429 family to regulate IKK-β

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cELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2020年第6期44卷 1382-1393页

作者： Liu, Pei chen, Shuofan Huang, Yangyue Xu, Shuai Song, Hongcheng Zhang, Weiping Sun, Ning Capital Med Univ Beijing Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Urol Natl Ctr Childrens Hlth 56 Nanlishilu St Beijing 100045 Peoples R China

Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a kind of pediatric renal cancer. Previous studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate various cancers progression. However, whether miR-200 family regulated Wilms' tumor progression remains to be elucidated. In our study, miR-200b/c/429 expression was downregulated in Wilms' tumor tissue samples from 25 patients. And data from three independent analyses of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of miR-200b/c/429 was downregulated in Wilms' tumor cell lines. Functionally, cell counting kit-8 assay revealed that cell viability was reduced by overexpressing miR-200b/c/429. Transwell assay manifested that cell migration and invasion was hindered by miR-200b/c/429 overexpression. Sphere-forming and western blot assays demonstrated that miR-200b/c/429 overexpression suppressed the sphere formation ability. Mechanically, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathway was confirmed to be associated with Wilms' tumor progression;miR-200b/c/429 overexpression inactivated NF-kappa B pathway as miR-200b/c/429 was identified to target I kappa B kinase beta (IKK-beta), an NF-kappa B pathway-related gene. Moreover, miR-200b/c/429 was sponged by LINc00667 in Wilms' tumor cells. LINc00667 competitively bound with miR-200b/c/429 to regulate IKK-beta expression and then activated NF-kappa B pathway in Wilms' tumor. Subsequently, rescue assays illustrated that silencing of IKK-beta could reverse the effect of miR-200b/c/429 inhibition on the progression of sh-LINc00667-transfected Wilms' tumor cells. In summary, LINc00667 promoted Wilms' tumor progression by sponging miR-200b/c/429 family to regulate IKK-beta.

关键词： IKK-beta LINc00667 miR-200b c 429 NF-kappa B pathway Wilms' tumor

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