作者：
Al-Sheikh, UmarKang, LijunZhejiang Univ
Sch Med Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Neurobiol Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ
Sch Med Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Neurosurg Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ
Sch Brain Sci & Brain Med MOE Frontier Sci Ctr Brain Res & Brain Machine In NHC & CAMS Key Lab Med Neurobiol Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China
Mechanosensation such as touch, hearing and proprioception, is functionally regulated by mechano-gated ion channels through the process of transduction. Mechano-gated channels are a subtype of gated ion channels engag...
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Mechanosensation such as touch, hearing and proprioception, is functionally regulated by mechano-gated ion channels through the process of transduction. Mechano-gated channels are a subtype of gated ion channels engaged in converting mechanical stimuli to chemical or electrical signals thereby modulating sensation. To date, a few families of mechano-gated channels (DEG/ENac, TRPN, K2P, TMc and Piezo) have been identified in eukaryotes. Using a tractable genetic model organism caenorhabditis elegans, the molecular mechanism of mechanosensation have been the focus of much research to comprehend the process of mechanotransduction. comprising of almost all metazoans classes of ion channels, transporters and receptors, c. elegans is a powerful genetic model to explore mechanosensitive behaviors such as touch sensation and proprioception. The nematode relies primarily on its sensory abilities to survive in its natural environment. Genetic screening, calcium imaging and electrophysiological analysis have established that ENac proteins and TRPN channel (TRP-4 protein) can characterize mechano-gated channels in c. elegans. A recent study reported that TMcs are likely the pore-forming subunit of a mechano-gated channel in c. elegans. Nevertheless, it still remains unclear whether Piezo as well as other candidate proteins can form mechano-gated channels in c. elegans.
作者：
Portman, Douglas S.Univ Rochester
Del Monte Inst Neurosci Dept Biomed Genet 601 Elmwood AveBox 633 Rochester NY 14642 USA Univ Rochester
Del Monte Inst Neurosci Dept Neurosci 601 Elmwood AveBox 633 Rochester NY 14642 USA Univ Rochester
Del Monte Inst Neurosci Dept Biol 601 Elmwood AveBox 633 Rochester NY 14642 USA
For the first 25 years after the landmark 1974 paper that launched the field, most c. elegans biologists were content to think of their subjects as solitary creatures. c. elegans presented no shortage of fascinating b...
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For the first 25 years after the landmark 1974 paper that launched the field, most c. elegans biologists were content to think of their subjects as solitary creatures. c. elegans presented no shortage of fascinating biological problems, but some of the features that led Brenner to settle on this species-in particular, its free-living, self-fertilizing lifestyle-also seemed to reduce its potential for interesting social behavior. That perspective soon changed, with the last two decades bringing remarkable progress in identifying and understanding the complex interactions between worms. The growing appreciation that c. elegans behavior can only be meaningfully understood in the context of its ecology and evolution ensures that the coming years will see similarly exciting progress.
Solar-driven cO2 conversion is an attractive option for producing usable fuels and chemicals. However, traditionally synthesized TiO2 materials suffer from the low activity of cO2 conversion into multi-carbon products...
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Solar-driven cO2 conversion is an attractive option for producing usable fuels and chemicals. However, traditionally synthesized TiO2 materials suffer from the low activity of cO2 conversion into multi-carbon products. In this study, for the first time, strong magnetic fields were introduced into the synthesis of TiO2. By regulating the splitting ratio of high-angle and low-angle quantum orbitals, we developed a new type of TiO2{100} facets containing more active low-coordinate Ti atoms. In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and DFT calculations both revealed that the interfacial charge redistribution and lattice structure of such TiO2{100} are beneficial to the coupling of adsorbed cO*. This enables highly efficient conversion of cO2 into c2H5OH with a yield rate of 6.16 mmol g(-1) h(-1), which is 22-fold higher than that of pristine TiO2. This strategy provides a new platform for desirable photocatalyst synthesis and furthers our understanding of the relationship between atomic orbital control and cO2 conversion.
Background clostridioides difficile infection and colonization are common in pediatriccrohn's disease (cD). Our aims were to test the relationship between c. difficile positivity and bowel resection surgery and t...
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Background clostridioides difficile infection and colonization are common in pediatriccrohn's disease (cD). Our aims were to test the relationship between c. difficile positivity and bowel resection surgery and to characterize microbial shifts associated with c. difficile carriage and surgery. Methods A retrospective single-center study of 75 pediatriccD patients tested for association between c. difficile carriage and bowel resection surgery. A prospective single-center study of 70 cD patients utilized c. difficile testing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples to define microbiota variation stratified by c. difficile carriage or history of surgery. Results The rate of bowel resection surgery increased from 21% in those without c. difficile to 67% in those with (P = 0.003). From a Kaplan-Meier survival model, the hazard ratio for time to first surgery was 4.4 (95% cI, 1.2-16.2;P = 0.00) in patients with positive c. difficile testing in the first year after diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed this association (odds ratio 16.2;95% cI, 2.2-120;P = 0.006). Larger differences in microbial abundance and metabolic pathways were observed in patients with prior surgery than in those with c. difficile carriage. Depletion of Alistipes and Ruminococcus species and reduction in methionine biosynthesis were noted in patients with both c. difficile carriage and past surgery. conclusions A positive c. difficile test during the first year after diagnosis is associated with decreased time to first bowel resection surgery in pediatriccrohn's disease. Depletion of beneficial commensals and methionine biosynthesis in patients with c. difficile carriage may contribute to increased risk for surgery. In the first year after diagnosis, c. difficile is associated with shorter time to first surgery in pediatriccrohn's disease. Reduction in beneficial commensals and methionine biosynthesis in those with c. difficile may contribute to this increased
MXene因其高导电性、大比表面积和可调表面官能团而受到广泛关注。然而，MXene纳米片极易堆叠，其负载位点主要为面内位点，对酞菁铁（FePc）的氧还原性能提升有限。该文通过采用简单的超声液相复合策略制备了介孔MXene(Ti3c2)负载的FePc催化剂(FePc/Meso-Ti3c2)。Meso-Ti3c2具有大量介孔和丰富的边缘位点，可优化FePc分子的四配位FeN4中心的配位环境和电子结构，并改善传质和提高活性位点的可及性，从而显著提升氧还原性能。FePc/Meso-Ti3c2展现出优异的活性和稳定性，半波电位为0.914 V vs. RHE，Tafel 斜率为57.2 mV/dec。由FePc/Meso-Ti3c2催化剂组装的锌空气电池峰值功率密度为183.1 mW/cm2，且具有高循环稳定性，性能超过商业Pt/c和FePc/Ti3c2催化剂。
Background: Norrie disease is a rare X-linked recessive disorder in affected males. The typical features are congenital blindness, progressive hearing impairment, and, in some cases, some degree of mental retardation,...
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Background: Norrie disease is a rare X-linked recessive disorder in affected males. The typical features are congenital blindness, progressive hearing impairment, and, in some cases, some degree of mental retardation, microphthalmia, microcornea, growth failure, and seizures. Norrie disease is caused by mutations in the Norrie disease pseudoglioma gene (NDP), which encodes the Norrin protein that plays a crucial role in vascular development, neural cell differentiation, and proliferation in the retina and cerebellum. The aim of the present study was to identify the geneticcause of the disease and the phenotypiccharacteristics of the patients in an affected chinese family. Materials and Methods: A chinese family with Norrie disease was studied, and clinical phenotypes of the proband were observed. With informed consent from the patients' family, blood samples from family members were collected, genomic DNA was extracted, and Sanger sequencing was performed to identify the disease-causing mutation. Results: The c.287 G > T mutation of NDP was identified by Sanger sequencing and resulted in ***96Phe. The pathogenicity prediction was performed by MutationTaster, Polyphen-2, SIFT, and PROVEAN, all of which suggested that the mutation is disease-causing and may be responsible for the phenotypes of Norrie disease. conclusion: The c.287 G > T of NDP is a novel mutation responsible for Norrie disease in a chinese family.
caO-Al2O3-SiO2/ZrO2-borosilicate (cAS/BG) multilayer glass coating was prepared by slurry method on carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (c/c) materials to improve their anti-oxidation ability. The weight loss ratio ...
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caO-Al2O3-SiO2/ZrO2-borosilicate (cAS/BG) multilayer glass coating was prepared by slurry method on carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (c/c) materials to improve their anti-oxidation ability. The weight loss ratio of coated c/c samples were 21.70 %, 1.63 %, 0.035 % respectively after 50 h oxidation at 1073 K, 1173 K, 1273 K, and the samples had excellent mechanical properties remaining. compared to single BG layer samples, the added outer cAS layer could effectively inhibit gases diffusing by sealing and healing defects. The increased antioxidation property with the temperature was mainly attributed to the improved healing ability from glass flow and thermal expansion.
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