Background:Hepatitis c virus(HcV)genotype 3,particularly subtype 3b,is increasing in prevalence and distribution in *** study evaluated the prevalence,regional distribution,clinical characteristics,host factors,treatm...
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Background:Hepatitis c virus(HcV)genotype 3,particularly subtype 3b,is increasing in prevalence and distribution in *** study evaluated the prevalence,regional distribution,clinical characteristics,host factors,treatment outcomes,and disease progression of patients with HcV genotype 3 in ***:A 5-year follow-up was preceded by a cross-sectional *** choices were at the discretion of treating *** infection time to overall-disease-progression(defined by≥1 of:newly diagnosed cirrhosis;cirrhosis at baseline,child-Turcotte-Pugh score increased 2 points or more;progression from compensated cirrhosis to decompensated cirrhosis;hepatocellular carcinoma;liver transplantation;or death)was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier *** regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the risk factors for disease ***:The cross-sectional study enrolled 997 patients,including 91 with HcV genotype 3 *** them,subtype 3b(57.1%)was more dominant than subtype 3a(38.5%).Five hundred and twelve patients were included into the follow-up *** patients analyzed for estimated infection time to overall-disease-progression,52/304(17.1%)patients with HcV genotype 1 and 4/41(9.8%)with HcV genotype 3(4/26 with genotype 3b,0/13 with genotype 3a,and 0/2 with undefined subtype of genotype 3)experienced *** with HcV genotype 3 were younger than those with genotype 1(mean age:39.5±8.7 vs.46.9±13.6 years)and demonstrated more rapid disease progression(mean estimated infection time to overall-disease-progression 27.1 vs.35.6 years).conclusions:HcV genotype 3,specifically subtype 3b,is associated with more rapid progression of liver *** analysis to compare HcV subtype 3a and 3b is needed in high prevalence regions.
Lithium iron phosphate/carbon (LiFePO4/c) composites with high energy density were synthesized by wet ball milling, spray drying, and carbothermal reduction method. The effect of spray drying technological conditions ...
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Lithium iron phosphate/carbon (LiFePO4/c) composites with high energy density were synthesized by wet ball milling, spray drying, and carbothermal reduction method. The effect of spray drying technological conditions on the performance of LiFePO4/ccomposites was systematically investigated. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostaticcharge/discharge tests, etc. The results show that all as-prepared LiFePO4/ccomposites have a well-ordered olivine structure and spherical morphology. compared with centrifugal spray drying technology, LiFePO4/c prepared by pressure spray has a smaller particle size and exhibits more uniform particle size distribution as well as better electrochemical performance. However, as the particle size of LiFePO4/c microspheres is decreased, the sphericity of particles becomes worse and tap density of materials steps down, resulting in poor processability in 14500 cylindrical battery.
*** The past few decades have witnessed extensive studies on transition metal-catalyzed c-H bond activations and subsequent carbon-carbon and/or carbon-heteroatom bond formations because these methods provide more ato...
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*** The past few decades have witnessed extensive studies on transition metal-catalyzed c-H bond activations and subsequent carbon-carbon and/or carbon-heteroatom bond formations because these methods provide more atom-and step-economical pathways than those traditional transformations starting from prefunctionalized substrates.
A new electrocatalyst co-N/ccomplex for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was prepared by different cobalt salts using ethylenediamine as a nitrogen source. The co5.47N/c was prepared by sintering at 1000 degrees c for...
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A new electrocatalyst co-N/ccomplex for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was prepared by different cobalt salts using ethylenediamine as a nitrogen source. The co5.47N/c was prepared by sintering at 1000 degrees c for 2h in a hydrogen atmosphere. The co-Ac-N/ccatalyst that prepared by cobalt acetate was the best catalyst for oxygen reduction and the current density of co-Ac-N/c electrode at 0.75V (vs. RHE) was 128mAcm(-2) in 6molL(-1) KOH electrolyte. A zinc-air battery using co-Ac-N/c electrode was successfully assembled and the discharge voltage reached to 0.99V under the high current density of 80mAcm(-2). Furthermore, the co-N/c electrodes showed superior methanol crossover tolerance for ORR.
A complete ecosystem is also a complex network in which multifarious species interact with each other to achieve system-level functions, such as nutrient biogeochemistry (1)Microbial community is commonly considered a...
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A complete ecosystem is also a complex network in which multifarious species interact with each other to achieve system-level functions, such as nutrient biogeochemistry (1)Microbial community is commonly considered as the primary driving force of ecosystem nutrient mobilization and metabolism, especially carbon (c), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S) and methane coupling process (2)The rise of metagenomics and high-throughput array (e.g. Phylochip, Geochip, etc.
Objective: To evaluate the potential anti-hepatitis c virus (HcV) activities of cladogynos orientalis Zipp. ex Span and to investigate the molecular mode of action. Methods: Ethanolic and water extracts from various p...
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Objective: To evaluate the potential anti-hepatitis c virus (HcV) activities of cladogynos orientalis Zipp. ex Span and to investigate the molecular mode of action. Methods: Ethanolic and water extracts from various parts of cladogynos orientalis were examined for cytotoxicity by MTT assay. Sub-cytotoxicconcentrations of the extracts were used for further determining anti-HcV activity using cell culture-derived HcV genotype 2a propagated in HepaRG cell line. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to observe the effect on viruses at the pre-entry step. Mode of action at the post-entry step was investigated for the viral RNA and protein expressions by real time RT-PcR and Western blotting assays, respectively. Results: Although cladogynos orientalis water extracts exhibited lower cytotoxicity than ethanolic extracts, all ethanolic extracts from roots, stems, and leaves of cladogynos orientalis exhibited higher anti-HcV activities than water extracts. The highest anti-HcV activity was observed in infected cells treated with the extracts 5 h after absorption. No extracts showed pre-viral entry effect. At the post-viral entry step, only leaf ethanolic extracts inhibited NS5B expression, while all extracts did not inhibit HcV NS3 expression. conclusions: cladogynos orientalis ethanolic extracts could be further studied and the major active compound needs to be identified as a promising source for anti-HcV agents.
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