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The Effect of cyclic Strain on Human Fibroblasts With Lamin A/c Mutations and Its Relation to Heart Disease

JOURNAL OF BIOMEcHANIcAL ENGINEERING-TRANSAcTIONS OF THE ASME 2020年第6期142卷 1-9页

作者： Tran, Richard D. H. Siemens, Mark Nguyen, cecilia H. H. Ochs, Alexander R. Zaragoza, Michael, V Grosberg, Anna Univ Calif Irvine Dept Biomed Engn Edwards Lifesci Ctr Adv Cardiovasc Technol Cardiovasc Modeling Lab 2131 Engn Hall Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA Univ Calif Irvine Sch Med Dept Pediat Div Genet & Genom 2042 Hewitt Hall Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA Dept Pediat Div Genet & Genom 2042 Hewitt Hall Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA Univ Calif Irvine Sch Med Dept Biol Chem 2042 Hewitt Hall Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA Univ Calif Irvine Dept Biomed Engn Ctr Complex Biol Syst Edwards Lifesci Ctr Adv Cardiovasc TechnolCardio 2418 Engn Hall Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA Univ Calif Irvine Dept Chem & Biomol Engn 2418 Engn Hall Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA

Although mutations in the Lamin A/c gene (LMNA) cause a variety of devastating diseases, the pathological mechanism is often unknown. Lamin A/c proteins play a crucial role in forming a meshwork under the nuclear membrane, providing the nucleus with mechanical integrity and interacting with other proteins for gene regulation. Most LMNA mutations result in heart diseases, including some types that primarily have heart disease as the main pathology. In this study, we used cells from patients with different LMNA mutations that primarily lead to heart disease. Indeed, it is a mystery why a mutation to the protein in every nucleus of the body manifests as a disease of primarily the heart in these patients. Here, we aimed to investigate if strains mimicking those within the myocardial environment are sufficient to cause differences in cells with and without the LMNA mutation. To test this, a stretcher device was used to induce cyclic strain upon cells, and viability/proliferation, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix organization, and nuclear morphology were quantified. The properties of cells with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) were found to be significantly different from all other cell lines and were mostly in line with previous findings. However, the properties of cells from patients who primarily had heart diseases were not drastically different when compared to individuals without the LMNA mutation. Our results indicated that cyclic strain alone was insufficient to cause any significant differences that could explain the mechanisms that lead to heart diseases in these patients with LMNA mutations.

关键词： lamin A c laminopathies cyclic strain heart mechanics heart disease

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Synthesis and crystal Structure Studies of Mitomycin c Dihydrate

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crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2020年第2期9卷 13-21页

作者： Yingqi Feng Yongshou chen Yixin Ren Heng Zhang Shuang cao Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China

The absolute configuration of mitomycin c was determined?by X-ray single crystal diffraction?(cuKα), and a new?crystalline?dihydrate of mitomycin c had been prepared. The?experiment?result?provides?a definitive answer?to the real absolute configuration of mitomycin c and may put an end to the dispute?that baffles?researchers for decades.?At the same time, some contentious structures?about the mitomycin c in?American Pharmacopoeia?USP36-NF31,?chinese pharmacopoeia?2015?edtion?and numbers of?literatures are marked. The absolute configuration?is?also verified?by?1D (1H?and?13c) and 2D (HSQc, HMBc,?1H-1H?cOSY?and?NOESY) NMR studies?indirectly. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern of the?mitomycin c dihydrate?is similar to that calculated for?it, which?suggests that the purity?of?sample?is excellent.

关键词： crystal Structure Dihydrate Absolute configuration Mitomycin c

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coq to c Translation with Partial Evaluation 2021

Coq to C Translation with Partial Evaluation

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AcM SIGPLAN Workshop on Partial Evaluation and Program Manipulation (PEPM)

作者： Tanaka, Akira Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450383059

coq proof assistant can be used to prove various properties of programs written in the Gallina language. It is also possible to translate Gallina programs to Ocaml programs. However, Ocaml is not suitable for low-level programs. Therefore, we are developing a coq plugin for Gallina to c translation. This plugin transforms functions written in Gallina into a form as close to c as possible within Gallina. This transformation includes partial evaluation, which improves execution efficiency and eliminates polymorphism and dependent types. We can easily verify in coq that this transformation does not change the execution result, and thus it is highly reliable. And Gallina functions after this transformation can be easily translated to c.

关键词： coq c Gallina translator compiler verification partial evaluation tail recursion

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Increase in medium-size rainfall events will enhance the c-sequestration capacity of biological soil crusts

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Research in cold and Arid Regions 2019年第1期11卷 81-92页

作者： cuiHua Huang Fei Peng Itaru Shibata Jun Luo Xian Xue Kinya Akashi Atsushi Tsunekawa Tao Wang Minqin Salinization Research Station Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Science International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori University Arid Land Research Center Tottori University

Biological soil crusts(BScs) play important roles in the carbon(c) balance in arid regions. Net c balance of BScs is strongly dependent on rainfall and consequent activation of microbes in the BScs. The compensation-rainfall size for BScs(the minimum rainfall amount for a positive net c balance) is assumed to be different with BScs of different developmental stages. A field experiment with simulated rainfall amount(SRA) of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mm was conducted to examine the c fluxes and compensation-rainfall size of BScs in different parts of fixed dunes in the ecotone between the Badain Jaran Desert and the Minqin Oasis. We found algae-lichen crust on the interdunes and crest, algae crust on the leeward side, and lichen-moss crust on the windward. Even a small rainfall(1 mm) can activate both photosynthesis and respiration of all types of BScs. The gross ecosystem production, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem exchange were significantly affected by SRA, hours after the simulated rainfall, position on a dune, and their interactions. The rapid activation of photosynthesis provides a c source and therefore could be responsible for the increase of c efflux after each rewetting. c-uptake and-emission capacity of all the BScs positively correlated with rainfall size, with the lowest c fluxes on the leeward side. The compensation rainfall for a net c uptake was 3.80, 15.54, 8.62, and 1.88 mm for BScs on the interdunes, the leeward side, the crest, and the windward side, respectively. The whole dune started to show a net c uptake with an SRA of 5 mm and maximized with an SRA of about 30 mm. The compensation-rainfall size is negatively correlated with chlorophyll content. Our results suggest that BScs will be favored in terms of c balance, and sand dune stabilization could be sustained with an increasing frequency of 5-10 mm rainfall events in the desert-oasis transitional zone.-

关键词： biological soil crust rainfall size desert-oasis ecotone c balance arid region

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Synthesis, microstructure and hardness of Al 7075/B4c/Fly-ash composite using stir casting method

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 27卷 2401-2406页

作者： Mohit Kumar Sahu Raj Kumar Sahu National Institute of Technology Raipur G.E. Road Raipur Chhattisgarh 492010 India

Stir-casting is the appropriate and economical technique for HAMcs synthesis as it produces uniformly reinforcement distributed composite retaining finer grains. In the present work, Al 7075/ x %wt.B 4 c/2%wt. fly-ash HAMcs were fabricated via stir casting route, where x is weight percentage of boron carbide ( x  = 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt%). Incorporation and distribution of reinforcement particles in HAMcs were analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical micrographs. Also, Micro-hardness tests were conducted at seven locals points in hardness specimen to see the variation of hardness values. The coefficient of variation was calculated to ensure uniform hardness values, which further confirm the uniform distribution of reinforcements in the prepared composite. Moreover, mathematical modelling was done to obtain the empirical relation of micro-hardness of composite with respect to fly-ash and boron carbide content, which shows the correlation between the micro-hardness and reinforcements contents in the HAMc. The synthesized HAMcs may be suitable in automobile and aerospace application where low cost, lightweight, high temperature resistant and high wear resistant composite are required.

关键词： AMcs Aluminium matrix composites HAMcs Hybrid aluminium matrix composites Al 7075 Aluminium alloy 7075 FA Fly-Ash Sc Stir casting PM Powder Metallurgy B 4 c Boron carbide Al Aluminium K 2 TiF 6 Potassium hexa fluoro titanate Mg Magnesium Hybrid aluminum matrix composites (HAMcs) Aluminum 7075 Stir-casting Homogeneous distribution Micro-hardness

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Pathological characterization of occult hepatitis B virus infection in hepatitis c virus-associated or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2020年第2期8卷 67-77页

作者： Hatem Elalfy Tarek Besheer Dina Elhammady Ahmed El Mesery Shaker Wagih Shaltout Mohamed Abd El-Maksoud Ahmed I Amin Ahmed Nasr Bekhit Mahmoud Abd El Aziz Mahmoud El-Bendary Endemic Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Tropical Medicine Department Faculty of MedicinePort Said UniversityPort Said 42511Egypt Internal Medicine Department Faculty of MedicinePort Said UniversityPort Said 42511Egypt Tropical Medicine Department Zagazig General HospitalZagazig 44511Egypt

Occult hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection,by definition,is a state in which infection with this virus does not manifest with the conventional diagnostic laboratory criteria reserved for the obvious form of HBV *** a result,occult HBV infection is commonly a surprise finding discovered accidently during the evaluation of other apparent liver diseases,such as hepatitis c virus(HcV)infection or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and,more importantly,their evolution into life-threatening hepatocellular *** infection with HcV and occult HBV is rarely considered when assessing these more obvious conditions,and in an attempt to offer a better understanding of this phenomenon,this study attempted to shed some light onto the uniqueness of occult HBV infection by addressing the natural history of HBV and HcV infections,as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver *** was carried out by taking into account the exclusive integration process undertaken by the HBV genome into infected host hepatocytes,with consideration given to conditions which afford reactivation of the occult infection and stress on the molecular mechanisms that underlie occult HBV ***,the clinical outcome of occult HBV infection and its relation to hepatocellular carcinoma is analyzed.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B virus Hepatitis c virus Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma clinical outcome Pathophysiology of occult hepatitis B virus

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Vapor Recompression c 3 Splitter: Design and control

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IFAc-PapersOnLine 2020年第1期53卷 117-122页

作者： Aditya Anand Vivek Kumar Nitin Kaistha Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India 208016

Vapor recompression (VRc) based heat integration is usually employed for purifying a propylene-propane mixture in a c 3 splitter. A fixed speed drive or a variable speed drive compressor may be employed for overhead vapor recompression. In this work, economic controllable designs for the two compressor types in a VRc c 3 splitter are obtained via rigorous steady state and pressure driven closed loop dynamic simulations. A simple dual ended decentralized composition control system is shown to provide effective column regulation. The economic controllable design results indicate that when a fixed speed drive compressor is used, significant pressure drop must be provided across the compressor suction throttling valve for sufficient rangeability towards worst-case disturbance rejection. Accordingly, the column pressure and necessary compression ratio are higher for an overall more expensive process compared to a variable speed drive compressor. The case study highlights the importance for considering control at the conceptual design stage for designing a robust operable process.

关键词： c 3 splitter process design controllability process control

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Phase 1 Study of OPT-302 Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors c and D for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA 2020年第3期4卷 250-263页

作者： Dugel, Pravin U. Boyer, David S. Antoszyk, Andrew N. Steinle, Nathan c. Varenhorst, Michael P. Pearlman, Joel A. Gillies, Mark c. Finger, Robert P. Baldwin, Megan E. Leitch, Ian M. Retinal Consultants Arizona Phoenix AZ USA Retina Vitreous Associates Med Grp Beverly Hills CA USA Charlotte Eye Ear Nose & Throat Associates Charlotte NC USA Calif Retina Consultants Santa Barbara CA USA Vitreo Retinal Consultants & Surg Wichita KS USA Retinal Consultants Med Grp Sacramento CA USA Univ Sydney Save Sight Inst Sydney NSW Australia Univ Bonn Dept Ophthalmol Bonn Germany Opthea Ltd Level 4650 Chapel St South Yarra Vic 3195 Australia

Purpose: OPT-302 is a novel inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-c and VEGF-D. A phase 1 trial assessed the safety of intravitreal OPT-302 as monotherapy or combined with ranibizumab (Lucentis;Genentech, South San Francisco, cA) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Design: Open-label, dose escalation followed by a randomized dose expansion. Participants: Fifty-one patients with nAMD who were either treatment naive (n = 25) or previously were treated with anti-VEGF A therapy (n = 26). Methods: In the dose escalation, groups of 5 patients in 4 cohorts received ascending doses of OPT-302 (0.3 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg) in combination with ranibizumab (0.5 mg), or as monotherapy (2 mg). In the dose expansion, 31 patients were randomized (3:1) to OPT-302 (2 mg) in combination with ranibizumab (n = 23) or as monotherapy (n = 8). Participants received three intravitreal treatments of OPT-302 once every 4 weeks either with or without ranibizumab. Main Outcome Measures: Safety and tolerability, OPT-302 pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity, effects on best-corrected visual acuity (BcVA), and anatomic changes. Results: Intravitreal OPT-302 with or without ranibizumab was well tolerated with low systemic exposure, no dose-limiting toxicities and no immunogenicity. In patients receiving OPT-302 monotherapy, 7 of 13 (54%) did not require rescue anti-VEGF-A therapy and the mean change in BcVA from baseline to week 12 was +5.6 letters (range, 0-18 letters). Mean BcVA gains from baseline to week 12 following combination OPT-302 with ranibizumab were +10.8 letters (95% confidence interval [cI], 4-17;n = 18) in treatment-naive patients and +4.9 letters (95% cI, 3-7;n = 19) in previously treated patients, respectively. corresponding reductions in mean central subfield thickness at week 12 in both groups were -119 mu m (95% cI, -176 to -62 mu m) and -54 mu m (95% cI, -82 to -26 mu m), respectively, whilst 50% of treatment-naive patients also sho

关键词： AE adverse event AMD age-related macular degeneration BcVA best-corrected visual acuity cI confidence interval c max maximum concentration cNV choroidal neovascularization cST central subfield thickness DLT dose-limiting toxicity ETDRS Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study FA fluorescein angiography IOP intraocular pressure nAMD neovascular age-related macular degeneration PIGF placental growth factor SAE serious adverse event SD spectral-domain SRF subretinal fluid VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor VEGFR vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

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In situ XRD study of the effect of H 2 O on Fe 5 c 2 phase and Fischer-Tropsch performance

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Journal of Fuel chemistry and Technology 2020年第1期48卷 75-82页

作者： Tian-yu GUO Su-yao LIU Ming QING Jing-li FENG Zhen-gang LÜ Hong WANG Yong YANG State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids Synfuels China Co. Ltd Beijing 101407 China

In situ XRD reaction device combined with the online gas chromatography was used to study the oxidation behavior of the effect of H 2 O content (4.36%, 1.68%, 0.56%) on the phase and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) performance of the single phase Fe 5 c 2 . The results show that the oxidation rate of the Fe 5 c 2 phase increases with the increase of the content of injected H 2 O. Meanwhile, the particle size of Fe 5 c 2 phase decreases and more active sites exposes during the H 2 O oxidation, resulting in the increase of the FTS activity. Furthermore, the FTS activity increases with the increase of the oxidation times, but the selectivity of cH 4 increases and the c 5+ selectivity decreases gradually.

关键词： Fe 5 c 2 H 2 O oxidation in situ XRD Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

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Evaluation of the behavior of D-Gun sprayed coatings on T-11 boiler steel at 900 °c temperature

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 26卷 549-555页

作者： Rutash Mittal Harmanjot Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Mimit Malout 152107 India

D-Gun thermal spray technique was used to deposit cr 3 c 2 -Nicr and cr 2 O 3 coatings on T-11 boiler steel in the present study. Hot corrosion behavior of coated and uncoated samples of T-11 boiler was analyzed for 50 cycles at 900 °c in the simulated Na 2 SO 4 -60%V 2 O 5 condition. Kinetics of corrosion was measured by using thermogravimetric studies. Surface and cross sectional analysis has been reported by using XRD and SEM/EDS to know the formation of corrosion products. Uncoated sample has shown spalling and degradation of oxide scale. cr 2 O 3 coated sample has shown detachment of coating from the substrate after 1st cycle. cr 3 c 2 -Nicr coating has shown the protective behavior as well as corrosion resistance in the reported environment by virtue of protective oxides.

关键词： Hot corrosion D-Gun cr 3 c 2 -Nicr cr 2 O 3 SEM/EDS and XRD

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