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Reduction of GABA-and substance P-immunoreactivities in spinal dorsal horn by capsaicin

chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第17期41卷 1472-1477页

作者：赵志奇魏锋杨焕乔 Shanghai Brain. Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China Shanghai Brain. Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing neurons are densely located in laminae Ⅰ-Ⅱof the spinal cord where substance P (SP)-containing primary afferent C fibers terminate. By the antibody microprobe technique we found that capsaicin a chemical irritant selectively activating C fibers significantly produced the release of SP in lamina Ⅱ. The

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing neurons are densely located in laminae Ⅰ—Ⅱ of the spinal cord where substance P (SP)-containing primary afferent c fibers terminate. By the antibody microprobe technique, we found that capsaicin, a chemical irritant selectively activating c fibers, significantly produced the release of SP in lamina Ⅱ.

关键词： γ-aminobutyric acid substance P capsaicin spinal dorsal horn c fiber.

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Q-switched thulium-doped fibre ring lasers operating at 1.9 μm using multi-walled carbon nanotubes in UV-curing resin

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ELEcTRONIcS LETTERS 2016年第1期52卷 63-U123页

作者： Sakata, H. Kimpara, K. Takahashi, N. Shizuoka Univ Grad Sch Engn Dept Elect & Elect Engn Hamamatsu Shizuoka 4328561 Japan

The passively Q-switched operation of all-fibre thulium fibre lasers using UV-curing resin doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a saturable absorber is demonstrated. A single-mode thulium-doped silica fibre is pumped by a laser diode emitting at 1.63 mu m through a wavelength-division multiplexing coupler. Unidirectional laser output from the fibre ring resonator is attained by using the retroreflector at the counter-directional output port. The fibre laser exhibits 1.9 mu m wavelength pulsed oscillation at a repetition rate of 7.2 kHz. When the pump power is increased to 161 mW, the output pulse power is measured by 150 mW with a pulse width of 3.2 mu s.

关键词： Q-switching curing fibre lasers laser cavity resonators multi-wall carbon nanotubes optical fibre couplers optical pumping optical saturable absorption oscillations resins ring lasers silicon compounds thulium wavelength division multiplexing c Q-switched thulium-doped fibre ring lasers SiO2:Tm UV-curing resin all-fibre thulium fibre lasers counter-directional output port fibre ring resonator frequency 7.2 kHz laser diode multiwalled carbon nanotubes output pulse power passively Q-switched operation pump power repetition rate retroreflector saturable absorber single-mode thulium-doped silica fibre unidirectional laser output wavelength 1.9 mum to 1.63 mum wavelength pulsed oscillation wavelength-division multiplexing coupler

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Hydrothermal synthesis of KTi2(PO4)3, α-Ti(HPO4)2•H2O and γ-Ti(PO4)(H2PO4)•2H2O from a lepidocrocite-type titanate

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JOURNAL OF ASIAN cERAMIc SOcIETIES 2019年第3期7卷 361-367页

作者： Kumada, Nobuhiro Imase, Akihito Yanagida, Sayaka Takei, Takahiro Miura, Akira Itoi, Nobuki Goto, Toshiki Univ Yamanashi Ctr Crystal Sci & Technol Miyamae Cho 7-32 Kofu Yamanashi 4008511 Japan Hokkaido Univ Fac Engn Sapporo Hokkaido Japan Ohtsuka Chem Co Ltd Tokyo Japan

A potassium titanium phosphate, KTi2(PO4)(3), and two types of hydrated titanium phosphates, alpha-Ti(HPO4)(2)H2O and gamma-Ti(PO4)(H2PO4)2H(2)O, were prepared by hydrothermal reaction using a layered lepidocrocite-type titanate as a starting compound. When layered lepidocrocite-type K-0.7(Li,Ti)(2)O-4 (Lss;Ohtsuka chemical co., Ltd.) was used at a reaction temperature of 180 degrees c, KTi2(PO4)(3) was obtained. The crystal structure of KTi2(PO4)(3) was a NASIcON-like rhombohedral one with a low thermal expansion coefficient. The thermal expansion coefficient of KTi2(PO4)(3) was determined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data (SRXD), and the thermal expansion coefficients for the a-axis, c-axis and unit cell volume were -2.82 x 10(-6), 7.16 x 10(-6) and 1.49 x 10(-6) K-1, respectively. Two types of layered titanium phosphates, alpha-Ti(HPO4)(2)H2O and gamma-Ti(PO4)(H2PO4)2H(2)O, were prepared by hydrothermal reaction using protonated titanate (Lss-H) derived from lepidocrocite-type potassium titanate (Lss) by the ion-exchange reaction.

关键词： A oxide B solvothermal c X-ray diffraction D Thermal expansion

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Tribological behavior and applications of carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites as high-performance frictional materials

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cERAMIcS INTERNATIONAL 2021年第14期47卷 19271-19281页

作者： Duan, Junjie Zhang, Menghang chen, Pengju Li, Zhuan Pang, Liang Xiao, Peng Li, Yang Cent South Univ Powder Met Res Inst Changsha 410083 Peoples R China

Due to the favorable tribological, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites, especially carbon fiber reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composites (c/c-Sic), has been considered as high-performance frictional materials. In this paper, current applications and recent progress on tribological behavior of c/c-Sic composites are reviewed. The factors affecting the friction and wear properties, including the content of silicon carbide and carbon matrix, carbon fiber preform architecture, as well as the matrix modification by alloy additives and c/c-Sic composites under various test conditions are reviewed. Furthermore, based on the current status of researches, prospect of several technically available solutions for low-cost manufacturing c/c-Sic composites is also proposed.

关键词： Friction Wear Tribological behavior c c-Sic Matrix modification

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Efficient fabrication of carbon/silicon carbide composite for electromagnetic interference shielding applications

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cERAMIcS INTERNATIONAL 2021年第17期47卷 23942-23949页

作者： Zhang, Zhenghe cheng, Lisheng Tan, Jing Yang, Weimin Beijing Univ Chem Technol Coll Mech & Elect Engn Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Chem Technol State Key Lab Organ Inorgan Composites Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Chem Technol Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

ceramic matrix composites are typically prepared by a costly, time-consuming process under severe conditions. Herein, a cost-effective c/Sic composite was fabricated from a silicon gel-derived source by Joule heating. The beta-Sic phase was generated via carbothermal reduction, and the carbon fabric showed a well-developed graphitic structure, promoting its thermal and anti-oxidation stabilities. Owing to the excellent dielectric loss in carbon fabric, Sic and SiO2 as well as the micropore structure of the ceramic matrix, the absolute electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) effectiveness (SSE/t) reached 948.18 dB center dot cm2 center dot g-1 in the X-band, exhibiting an excellent EMI SE. After oxidation at 1000 degrees c for 10 h in the air, the SSE/t of the composite was only reduced to 846.02 dB center dot cm2 center dot g-1. The c/Sic composite promises the efficient fabrication of high-temperature resistant materials for electromagnetic shielding applications.

关键词： c Sic composites Sintering Microstructure EMI shielding

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A novel two-indenter based micro-pump for lab-on-a-chip application: modeling and characterizing flows for a non-Newtonian fluid

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MEccANIcA 2021年第3期56卷 569-583页

作者： Avvari, Ravi Kant NIT Rourkela Dept Biotechnol & Med Engn Rourkela 769008 Odisha India Sasi Inst Technol & Engn West Godavari 534101 Andhra Pradesh India

Inspired by the feeding mechanisms of a nematode, a novel two-indenter (2I) micro-pump is analyzed theoretically for transport and mixing of a non-Newtonian fluid for the purpose of lab-on-a-chip applications. considering that the viscous forces dominate the flows in microscopic regime, the concept lubrication theory was adopted to device the two-dimensional flow model of the problem. By approximating the movements of the indenter as a sinusoidal function, the details of the flow were investigated for variations in-frequency of contraction of the first value keeping the second valve at higher occlusion, and occlusion. The study indicates that occlusive nature of the second valve leads to the large pressure barrier which prevents the fluid to enter into the neighboring compartment. Transport occurs as the lumen opens to develop a suction pressure. Pressure barrier is found to be highest for dilatants followed by Newtonian and pseudo-plastics. Shear stress dependency on frequency the contraction of the first value is highest for lower values of flow behavior index. In conclusion, the study provides details connecting the flows resulting from the indentation of the front-end indenter to the frequency of indentation, geometry and rheology of the fluid, thus facilitating optimal design of the micro-pumps.

关键词： Lubrication theory Non-Newtonian fluid c elegans Micro-pump Lab-on-a-chip

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A trade-off switch of two immunological memories in caenorhabditis elegans reinfected by bacterial pathogens

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGIcAL cHEMISTRY 2020年第50期295卷 17323-17336页

作者： Yan, Jinyuan Zhao, Ninghui Yang, Zhongshan Li, Yuhong Bai, Hua Zou, Wei Zhang, Keqin Huang, Xiaowei Yunnan Univ State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Bioresources Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China Kunming Med Univ Ctr Lab Hosp 2 Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China Kunming Med Univ Dept Neurosurg Hosp 2 Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China Kunming Med Univ Sch Publ Hlth Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China Yunnan Univ Tradit Chinese Med Fac Basic Med Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China

Recent studies have suggested that innate immune responses exhibit characteristics associated with memory linked to modulations in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the diverse evolutionary paths taken, particularly within the invertebrate taxa, should lead to similarly diverse innate immunity memory processes. Our understanding of innate immune memory in invertebrates primarily comes from studies of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the generality of which is unclear. caenorhabditis elegans typically inhabits soil harboring a variety of fatal microbial pathogens;for this invertebrate, the innate immune system and aversive behavior are the major defensive strategies against microbial infection. However, their characteristics of immunological memory remains infantile. Here we discovered an immunological memory that promoted avoidance and suppressed innate immunity during reinfection with bacteria, which we revealed to be specific to the previously exposed pathogens. During this trade-off switch of avoidance and innate immunity, the chemosensory neurons AWB and ADF modulated production of serotonin and dopamine, which in turn decreased expression of the innate immunity-associated genes and led to enhanced avoidance via the downstream insulin-like pathway. Therefore, our current study profiles the immune memories during c. elegans reinfected by pathogenic bacteria and further reveals that the chemosensory neurons, the neurotransmitter(s), and their associated molecular signaling pathways are responsible for a trade-off switch between the two immunological memories.

关键词： innate immunity aversive behavior immunological memory of invertebrate bacterial reinfection c elegans chemosensory neuron neurotransmitter molecular signaling pathway

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Effects of vacancy defects on graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2013年第11期8卷 816-821页

作者： chang, Sheng Zhang, Yajun Huang, Qijun Wang, Hao Wang, Gaofeng Wuhan Univ Sch Phys & Technol Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Elect & Informat Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China

The graphene nanoribbon (GNR) field effect transistor is one of the most competitive candidates for beyond-cMOS nanoelectronics because of the special electric characteristics of graphene. During graphene preparation, vacancy defects are inevitably introduced and affect transistor performances. In this Letter, four typical vacancy defects in GNR (i.e. single vacancy, divacancy, Stone-Wales and 555 777 defects) are examined. By quantum-mechanics-based simulation, the effects of these four defects on the energy band of the GNR are analysed. Moreover, their effects on the performances of the GNR field effect transistor, such as transmission coefficient and transfer characteristics, are studied and compared for various defect locations in the channel.

关键词： field effect transistors nanoelectronics quantum theory vacancies (crystal) graphene nanoribbons vacancy defects graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor single vacancy divacancy Stone-Wales defects 555 777 defects quantum-mechanics-based simulation energy band transmission coefhcient transfer characteristics c

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Optimum Activity and Partial characterization of chymotrypsin from the Sciaenids cynoscion othonopterus, cynoscion parvipinnis, and cynoscion xanthulus

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JOURNAL OF AQUATIc FOOD PRODUcT TEcHNOLOGY 2021年第6期30卷 670-682页

作者： Gonzalez-Felix, Mayra L. De La Ree-Rodriguez, carolina Perez-Velazquez, Martin Univ Sonora Dept Sci & Technol Res Edif 7-G Blvd Luis Donaldo Colosio S-N Hermosillo 83000 Sonora Mexico

Optimum temperature and pH for activity, as well as molecular weights of chymotrypsin from the gastrointestinal tract of the sciaenids cynoscion othonopterus, cynoscion parvipinnis, and cynoscion xanthulus were evaluated. chymotrypsins were 27.1, 26.6, and 26.5 kDa, respectively, and exhibited higher hydrolytic activity for N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester at 35.0-40.0 degrees c in c. othonopterus and at 40.0 degrees c in c. parvipinnis and c. xanthulus, whereas optimum pH values were 8.0, 7.0-9.0, and 8.0-9.0, respectively, showing a wide range of statistically similar activity for these parameters. Biochemical characteristics were comparable to chymotrypsins from other fish species already used in numerous industrial applications;thus, it is safe to assume they could be used for similar applications.

关键词： chymotrypsin enzymatic activity sciaenids cynoscion othonopterus c parvipinnis c xanthulus

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cARBON FLOW IN AcETOTROPHIc ENRIcHMENT cULTURES FROM PULP-MILL EFFLUENT TREATMENT

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WATER RESEARcH 1990年第4期24卷 515-519页

作者： PUHAKKA, JA SALKINOJASALONEN, M FERGUSON, JF TAMPERE UNIV DEPT CIVIL ENGN POB 527 SF-33101 TAMPERE FINLAND UNIV HELSINKI DEPT GEN MICROBIOL SF-00280 HELSINKI FINLAND UNIV WASHINGTON DEPT CIVIL ENGN SEATTLE WA 98195 USA

Anaerobic acetate utilizing cultures were enriched from three different environments of pulp mill wastewater and subsequently subcultured on calcium acetate and calcium acetate plus sodium sulfate media. Microbial acetate conversion was complete in all cases where methanogens tolerant to sulfur compounds were present, even at 4.6 g SO42-/l. Acetate conversion by sulfate reduction was significant only in methanogenic cultures sensitive to sodium sulfate or its metabolic products. Sulfate reduction was always incomplete although acetate was present in excess. Sulfate reducing capacity persisted in continuous cultivation of sludge for at least 2 years in the absence of oxidized sulfur compounds. Tolerance of acetotrophic methane-producing bacteria from pulp mill wastewater sludge towards sulfur compounds (sulfate plus its metabolites) was preserved beyond an experimental exposure of 6 months (6 transfers) to acetate-only medium. Another methanogenic enrichment culture from pulp mill sludge developed sensitivity towards sulfur compounds after being continuously cultured in an environment lacking oxidized sulfur compounds for 2 years.

关键词： methane production sulfate reduction pulp mill sludge inhibition tolerance toxicity acetate sulfate acclimation sulfide cP cPS GP c acetotrophic methanogenic enrichment cultures of different growth origin MPB methane-producing bacteria SRB sulfate-reducing bacteria

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