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Raman spectroscopic image analysis on micropatterned graphene

MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2013年第7期8卷 362-365页

作者： choi, Wooseok Park, Joonkyu Jung, Jongwan Seo, Yongho Ahn, Jinho Park, In-Sung Sejong Univ GRI Fac Nanotechnol & Adv Mat Engn Seoul 143747 South Korea Sejong Univ HMC Seoul 143747 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Inst Nano Sci & Technol Seoul 133791 South Korea

A study has been conducted on patterned graphene with widths in the range of 0.1-4 m which was grown by chemical vapour deposition and patterned by electron beam lithography. The microscopic behaviour of the Raman spectrum was investigated using image mapping from Raman spectroscopic data. Among three main peaks (D-band, G-band and 2D-band), the two-dimensional (2D) peak was clear even in 200 nm width graphene, however the D-band signal was very weak, confirming low defect concentration. It was found that the 2D-band line width was decreased as the width became narrower, which was explained by refining the electronic band structure because of confined sample size. The 2D- and G-band intensities were decreased by reducing the width because the laser beam spot size was greater than the width of the sample and the effective area generating the signal was reduced.

关键词： band structure chemical vapour deposition electron beam lithography Raman spectra spectral line breadth spectral line intensity graphene Raman spectroscopic image analysis micropatterned graphene chemical vapour deposition electron beam lithography microscopic behaviour Raman spectrum image mapping 2D peak D-band signal defect concentration 2D-band line width electronic band structure confined size 2D-band intensity G-band intensity laser beam spot size effective area generating signal size 0 1 mum to 4 mum c

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comprehensive toxic effects of povidone iodine on microalgae chlorella pyrenoidosa under different concentrations

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AQUAcULTURE RESEARcH 2022年第5期53卷 1833-1841页

作者： cao, Qingsheng Jiang, Yun Yang, Hui Zhang, Yingying Wei, Wenzhi Yangzhou Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol 48 Wenhui Rd Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Peoples R China

Povidone iodine (PVP-I) is widely used as an efficient antiseptic disinfectant, which can kill various pernicious microbe. PVP-I also exhibits certain toxic effects to the environment. To study the comprehensive toxic effects of PVP-I on microalgae, different concentrations including 0, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112 mg/L were set. The effects of PVP-I on the growth performance, microstructure, photosynthesis, antioxidant levels and photosynthesis associated genes expressions of microalgae were investigated. The results showed that PVP-I had significant effects on the growth and physiological functions of c. pyrenoidosa. Under the observation of scanning electron microscope, PVP-I of 56 and 112 mg/L could destroy the cytoderm of c. pyrenoidosa directly. Under the PVP-I exposure, the activity of SOD and cAT fluctuated up and down, while MDA content continued to rise. The relative gene expression of PsbA gene was significantly up-regulated in high concentration of 112 mg/L PVP-I. The relative gene expression of rbcL and rbcS gene were upregulated in 28 mg/L PVP-I. The results of present study showed that PVP-I could induce the production of oxidative stress response in c. pyrenoidosa, inhibit the expression of genes related to photosynthesis of c. pyrenoidosa and affect the photosynthesis of c. pyrenoidosa. The present study will provide a reference for the safe application of PVP-I.

关键词： antioxidant activity c pyrenoidosa growth performance microstructure photosynthesis povidone iodine

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ceMbio-Thecaenorhabditis elegansMicrobiome Resource

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G3-GENES GENOMES GENETIcS 2020年第9期10卷 3025-3039页

作者： Dirksen, Philipp Assie, Adrien Zimmermann, Johannes Zhang, Fan Tietje, Adina-Malin Marsh, Sarah Arnaud Felix, Marie-Anne Shapira, Michael Kaleta, christoph Schulenburg, Hinrich Samuel, Buck S. Univ Kiel Dept Evolutionary Ecol & Genet Kiel Germany Baylor Coll Med Alkek Ctr Metagen & Microbiome Res 1 Baylor PlazaMS 385 Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Med Ctr Schleswig Holstein Med Syst Biol Kiel Germany Ecole Normale Super Inst Biol Paris France Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Integrat Biol Berkeley CA 94720 USA

The study of microbiomes by sequencing has revealed a plethora of correlations between microbial community composition and various life-history characteristics of the corresponding host species. However, inferring causation from correlation is often hampered by the sheer compositional complexity of microbiomes, even in simple organisms. Synthetic communities offer an effective approach to infer cause-effect relationships in host-microbiome systems. Yet the available communities suffer from several drawbacks, such as artificial (thus non-natural) choice of microbes, microbe-host mismatch (e.g., human microbes in gnotobiotic mice), or hosts lacking genetic tractability. Here we introduce ceMbio, a simplified naturalcaenorhabditis elegansmicrobiota derived from our previous meta-analysis of the natural microbiome of this nematode. The ceMbio resource is amenable to all strengths of thec. elegansmodel system, strains included are readily culturable, they all colonize the worm gut individually, and comprise a robust community that distinctly affects nematode life-history. Several tools have additionally been developed for the ceMbio strains, including diagnostic PcR primers, completely sequenced genomes, and metabolic network models. With ceMbio, we provide a versatile resource and toolbox for the in-depth dissection of naturally relevant host-microbiome interactions inc. elegans.

关键词： c elegans Microbiome resource Host-microbe interactions Synthetic communities Metabolic networks

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combinational Effect of Essential Oil compounds and Antimicrobial Drugs oncandida albicansandStaphylococcus aureusMixed Biofilms

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JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL BEARING PLANTS 2020年第4期23卷 697-709页

作者： Jafri, Huma Ahmad, Iqbal Aligarh Muslim Univ Dept Agr Microbiol Fac Agr Sci Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh India

In this study, the antibiofilm activity of essential oil compounds eugenol and thymol alone and in combination with fluconazole and vancomycin againstcandida albicansandStaphylococcus aureuspre-formed mixed biofilms was investigated. Strong biofilm forming strains ofc. albicans(cAJ-01 and cAJ-12) andS. aureusMTcc3160 were selected for this study. Sessile minimum inhibitory concentration (SMIc) of eugenol and thymol was increased only 2-4 folds against single and mixed biofilm cells. However, the SMIc of the antimicrobial drugs was increased several folds. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FIcI) study highlighted the synergy between phytocompounds and antimicrobial drugs (fluconazole and vancomycin) against single and mixed biofilms. Single and mixed biofilm cells were eradicated at lower doses of the phytocompounds and antimicrobial drugs in combination treatment. The highest synergy recorded between thymol and vancomycin with FIcI value of 0.125 againstc. albicans(cAJ-01 and cAJ-12) andS. aureusMTcc3160 mixed biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy studies also displayed a prominent effect on the morphology of thecandidaand bacterial biofilm cells at 3.25 mu g/ml concentration of thymol in a combination approach. The synergy of phytocompounds with antimicrobial drugs highlights the promising potential of these agents to be used in combinational anti-infective therapy to combat single and mixed biofilms associated infections.

关键词： Antimicrobial drugs c albicans eugenol FIcI S aureus SMIc synergistic interaction thymol

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cHIcKEN EGGSHELL PORPHYRINS AND THE GLYOXALASE PATHWAY - ITS POSSIBLE PHYSIOLOGIcAL-ROLE

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cOMPARATIVE BIOcHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOcHEMISTRY & MOLEcULAR BIOLOGY 1993年第4期104卷 657-662页

作者： VANBRUMMELEN, R BISSBORT, S Department of Chemical Pathology University of Pretoria PO Box 2034 Pretoria 0001 South Africa (Fax 2712 3244886)

1. The plasma 4,5-dioxovaleric acid (DOVA) levels of two different breeds of chicken were determined and found to be higher in the group with a higher porphyrin eggshell content. 2. The erythrocyte and uterus glyoxalase II activity, investigated by means of a new spectrophotometric method, was found to be significantly higher in the group with a low porphyrin eggshell content. 3. A comparative genetic study of two chicken populations, one with white and one with dark eggshells, showed different gene frequencies for the glyoxalase I polymorphism. 4. An interpretation of these data suggests that the glyoxalase pathway may be involved in the metabolism of early porphyrin precursors.

关键词： ALA-synthethase succinyl coA glycine c -succinyl transferase (Ec 2.3.1.37) 5-ALA 5-aminolevulinic acid DOVA 4,5-dioxovaleric acid DOVA-transaminase alanine:dioxovalerate aminotransferase glyoxalase I S -lactoyl-glutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (GLO I, Ec 4.4.1.5) glyoxalase II S -2-hydroxyacyl-glutathione hydrolase (GLO II, Ec 3.1.2.6) DcIP 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide AIA allylisopropylacetamide

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current trends of liver cirrhosis in Mexico: Similitudes and differences with other world regions

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World Journal of clinical cases 2018年第15期6卷 922-930页

作者： Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Felipe Zamarripa-Dorsey Arturo Panduro Emma Purón-González Edgar Ulises coronado-Alejandro carlos Alejandro cortez-Hernández Fátima Higuera de la Tijera José Luis Pérez-Hernández Eira cerda-Reyes Heriberto Rodríguez-Hernández Vania césar cruz-Ramón Oscar Lenin Ramírez-Pérez Nancy Edith Aguilar-Olivos Olga Fabiola Rodríguez-Martínez Samantha cabrera-Palma Guillermo cabrera-álvarez Liver Research Unit Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation Department of Gastroenterology Hospital "Juárez" of México Department of Molecular Biology in Me-dicine Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Department of Internal Medicine "Christus Muguerza "Super Specialty" Hospital" Monterrey Department of Gas-troenterology "University Hospital "Jose Eleuterio González" Monterrey Department of Gastroenterology "General Hospital of Mexico "Dr.Eduardo Liceaga" Department of Gastroenterology "Central Military Hospital" Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition Juárez University of the State of Durango Liver Clinic Regional General Hospital IMSS 1

AIM To investigate the main current etiologies of cirrhosis in *** We performed a cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study that included eight hospitals in different areas of Mexico. These hospitals provide health care to people of diverse social classes. The inclusion criteria were a histological, clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, or imaging diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Data were obtained during a 5-year period(January 2012-December 2017). RESULTS A total of 1210 patients were included. The mean age was 62.5 years(SD = 12.1), and the percentages of men and women were similar(52.0% vs 48.0%). The most frequent causes of liver cirrhosis were hepatitis c virus(HcV)(36.2%), alcoholic liver disease(ALD)(31.2%), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(23.2%), and the least frequent were hepatitis B virus(1.1%), autoimmune disorders(7.3%), and other conditions(1.0%).cONcLUSION HcV and ALD are the most frequent causes of cirrhosis in Mexico. However, we note that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) as an etiology of cirrhosis increased by 100% compared with the rate noted previously. We conclude that NAFLD will soon become one of the most frequent etiologies of liver cirrhosis in Mexico.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Hepatitis c virus Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Liver cirrhosis

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Towards transfer-free fabrication of graphene NEMS grown by chemical vapour deposition

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2012年第8期7卷 749-752页

作者： Lindvall, N. Sun, J. Abdul, G. Yurgens, A. Chalmers Dept Microtechnol & Nanosci SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

Graphene, an atomic monolayer of sp(2)-hybridised carbon atoms, is a promising material for future NEMS based on its remarkable electronic and mechanical properties. Through the rapid progress of chemical vapour deposition of large-scale, high-quality graphene, these applications seem to be close to reality. However, issues related to the graphene transfer process limit the reproducibility of such devices. In this Letter, the authors present two different approaches for fabricating suspended graphene devices without any transfer step, using both catalytically and non-catalytically grown graphene. The authors achieve high reproducibility in manufacturing flat and uniform suspended graphene beams. While good mechanical properties are observed, the electrical performance is still poor, requiring improvements.

关键词： Micromechanical and nanomechanical devices and systems catalysis sp2-hybridised carbon atoms c suspended graphene beams chemical vapour deposition Monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett films graphene transfer process Heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces and other surface reactions atomic monolayer Electronic structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials intercalation compounds graphene NEMS Thin film growth, structure, and epitaxy suspended graphene devices Fabrication of MEMS and NEMS devices monolayers chemical vapour deposition mechanical properties graphene transfer-free fabrication nanoelectromechanical devices noncatalytically grown graphene

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A compact dual-tip STM design

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IEEE TRANSAcTIONS ON NANOTEcHNOLOGY 2006年第2期5卷 77-79页

作者： Wu, WD Guha, A Kim, S de Lozanne, A Univ Texas Dept Phys Austin TX 78712 USA

A compact dual-tip scanning tunneling microscope (STM) design that achieves both rigidity and stability is presented. We constructed a prototype unit to perform tests in ambient conditions. The two STM tips were able to maintain a stable tunneling condition with the sample surface simultaneously. Topographic images of a fresh cleaved graphite were taken simultaneously from the two tips. A common feature found in both images indicates that the two tunneling spots are similar to 800 nm apart.

关键词： graphite scanning tunnelling microscopy c cleaved graphite compact dual-tip STM design prototype unit scanning tunneling microscope stable tunneling condition topographic images Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) Graphite prototype unit graphene sample surface

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Inductance of mixed carbon nanotube bundles

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2007年第2期2卷 35-39页

作者： Wang, W. Haruehanroengra, S. Shang, L. Liu, M. Indiana Univ Purdue Univ ECE Dept Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microelect Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

The carbon nanotube (cNT) bundle is a promising candidate for next-generation interconnect/via applications. A realistic cNT bundle is a mixture of single-wall and multi-wall cNTs and its performance analysis needs to consider both kinds of cNTs. The inductances of the mixed cNT bundles are estimated, which are in agreement with the recent experimental results. Impacts of different parameters such as tube density, tube distribution, metallic tube ratio and bundle dimensions are discussed, providing an important guideline to design and fabricate a cNT bundle with a desirable inductance performance.

关键词： mixed carbon nanotube bundles inductance single-wall carbon nanotube tube distribution tube density carbon nanotubes Electrical properties of fullerenes and related materials (thin films/low-dimensional structures) bundle dimensions c - Element metallic tube ratio multiwall carbon nanotube c Structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials

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Design and characterisation of graphene-based nano-photodiode array device for photo-stimulation of subretinal implant

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2019年第11期14卷 1131-1135页

作者： Moorthy, Vijai Meyyappan Sugantharathnam, Mary Rathnasami, Joseph Daniel Pattan, Shanmugaraja Annamalai Univ Elect & Instrumentat Engn Chidambaram 608002 Tamil Nadu India Govt Coll Engn Elect & Commun Engn Bodinayakanur 625582 Tamil Nadu India Annamalai Univ NPMaSS MEMS Design Ctr Elect & Instrumentat Engn Annamalainagar 608002 Tamil Nadu India

Electrically stimulating the retina of the patients suffering due to extreme retinal disorders such as age related macula degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa is quickly turning into a feasible accomplishment through retinal implants. The objective of this work is to optimise the design, develop and test an organic photovoltaic based Nano Photo Diode Array (NPDA) device for retinal prosthesis application to restoring vision to patients blinded by degenerative retinal diseases. NPDA for subretinal stimulation has been fabricated based on Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell technology. Each pixel is composed by a graphene alone bottom anode, a semiconducting single wall carbon nanotube (S-SWcNT):c60 blend, and a top cathode in aluminum (Al) of 100 mu m or 150 diameter. This NPDA device photovoltaically converts incident light into electric current to stimulate nearby retinal neurons without wired power connections. The fabricated device is able to provide a photo current density of 245 mu A/cm(2) and photovoltage of 0.31 V. These results suggest that BHJ cell employed photodiode array used in this work make it better than POLYRETINA and ScNc. The significant improvement in photocurrent density paves the way for scaling up density of NPDA array in implant. Increased number of electrodes will indeed enhance visual acuity to greater extent.

关键词： photoconductivity eye solar cells diseases graphene biomedical electrodes prosthetics photodiodes vision defects nanophotonics nanomedicine single-wall carbon nanotubes semiconductor nanotubes prosthetic power supplies energy harvesting c Al size 100 mum voltage 0 31 V size 150 0 mum organic photovoltaic-based nanophotodiode array macula degeneration retinal disorders retinal prosthesis application retinal implants retinitis pigmentosa subretinal implant graphene-based nanophotodiode array device NPDA array BHJ cell employed photodiode array photocurrent density NPDA device c60 semiconductor layer semiconducting single wall carbon nanotube graphene alone bottom anode bulk heterojunction solar cell technology subretinal stimulation degenerative retinal diseases

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